"Lorry" GAZ-AA. History, nokurondedzerwa, zvinhu

GAZ-AA, "rori", asi kunozivikanwa muchina kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo-hondo uye yehondo, akaita panguva Gorky Automobile Plant muna 1932. The kumumvuri womuenzaniso anobva chokuAmerica rori, "Ford AA" muna 1930, zvakatengwa kubva Soviet Union pedyo ari rezinesi chibvumirano. Saka munhu "rori" GAZ-AA, iyo yave modernized nguva zhinji. Car magadzirirwo akanga nyore uye hwakavimbika. Panguva iyoyo, Soviet motokari indasitiri yaiva kwayo mucheche uye vashoma chipa rezinesi kuti kurimwa Rori zvave zvichibatsira chaizvo.

The zvinoita Gorky chirimwa tichitarisa unyanzvi midziyo akanga akakwirira, saka kurimwa vakasarudza kumhanya mafuta. Characteristically, motokari kugadzirwa nevanhu American rezinesi, akakurumidza akatamira inonzi epamba zvinoriumba. Zvaiva nyore kutanga chairema pasi pane arayire nayo mhiri kwamakungwa kumirira mwedzi kuti zvokuyamura. Saka, ungano muitiro, "rori" kwava yemazuva ano dzakabudirira anoonga zvinoitwa mainjiniya Soviet.

mazuvaano

"Lorry" GAZ-AA akapinda kugadzirwa muna January 1932, uye gungano zvitoro Gorki motokari pakarepo akaratidza yakakwirira mwero kusunungurwa rori. Zuva akatiza kubva conveyor 60 motokari, uye yasara dzingangoitika kumhanyisa. The Soviet shanduro iri rakasiyana American womuenzaniso, wandei parameters. Pane gaba rakavambwa ari kukandira crankcase batira Akazadzisa sikuruwa gozvo mashandiro ari carburetor mhepo firita iiswe. Muviri kamwe zvakare zvakagadzirirwa, pamusoro-bhodhi Ipfungwa rakaitirwa mumhuri vanodhirowa. Gare gare, vagadziri Soviet akatanga rakasiyana remarara Ipfungwa "rori", izvo kuzivikanwa ndechokuti muviri vaisafanira kuti tiputse. Cargo crawled pasi yayo uremu pane imwe zvikurukuru nokuenzanisa muviri pasi. Zvakanga zvakakwana kuvhura tailgate.

chassis

rwemberi kuturika magadzirirwo "rori" akanga yepakutanga uye kujairika. Semi-rakaita denderedzwa chairo matsime munzvimbo chaiyo nzira, pamberi neshure ekisero nematanda kuitira kuti amortization mhikuriso kwavo kuita zvinoda hunhu. Kuburikidza maumbirwo ichi, veshure kuturika vakava zvikuru chiine manufacturable achimuenzanisa zvizere rakaita denderedzwa chairo matsime. Asi kugadzirwa uyu ndiye drawback - kana braking zvinogumbura pamwe matsime akatorwa pamusoro vakawanda zvinorema uye kazhinji akakundikana. Stepladders vanodzedzereka yomunakamwe shizha kutanga kufamba hama kuti longitudinal akabatana.

yemapuranga kabhini

Zvachose dzimwe yeSoviet kugadzirwa "rori" GAZ-AA inounganidzwa kubva 1933. Cabs motokari yokutanga akaita namatanda, uye kubvira 1934 pamusoro muchina yakaiswa resimbi module ine kanivhasi denga.

Tech rori GAZ-AA rakavakwa pamatanda-mhando chassis, shizha-chitubu kuturika. Kusavapo nehana absorbers wakakwana akaita kumhanya muchina kusagadzikana uye oma. Zvisinei, kuti motokari akabudirira akaita mabasa ari kutakurwa cargoes uye chinyorwa isingawanzowanikwi. Motors "Gas-AA 'yakasiyana ruggedness uye yakakwirira maintainability. Vanogona kushanda zvikuru yakaderera-sosaiti peturu zvigadzirwa, kuderedzwa octane peturu neparafini, kunyange inopisa mwaka.

kutadza

Dukusa pfungwa "rori" waiva Starter uye matochi. upenyu hwavo padikidiki yakasvika nehafu gore, ipapo chairema kubva hurongwa, uye matochi aifanira kwakagadzirwa. Kazhinji motokari muchikuvadza kumusoro mubato.

Chimwe chinetso chinokosha mukushanda iri GAZ-AA yave kusachengeteka kukuru kuperevedza matai. Yakasvika zvokuti rwemberi ekisero mumotokari yakanga vakapakata mavhiri mana hakusi, sezvo yakarongwa pamusoro pasipoti, asi vaviri chete, nokuti chii inogona muchina dzakawira.

Asi, "rori" chainyanya hombe motokari Soviet muna prewar uye hondo makore. GAZ-AA yaishandiswawo nokuda dzakachinjwa kukura - vaiva ambulances, siyana dzehondo, chiedza uye acoustic yokugadza, kugadzirisa Mobile "ichibhururuka yokuzviparadzanisa", Anti gasi, utsanana uye utsanana avtolaboratorii, maredhiyo uye redhiyo mangwanani yambiro, uchiraira yemapurisa uye Air uye chiedza kutanga dzakabatana.

update

Muna 1938, kuti "rori" GAZ-AA akamuka itsva injini GAZ-MM inokwana 50 litres. s., iyo kusvikira panguva yakanga yakaiswa motokari "Molotovets-1" pasi rokuti GAZ-M1. Kuwedzera kune upgraded injini "rori" akanga vakapakata nani gozvo uye driveshaft pamusoro tsono mabheyaringi. Chassis aiva chitubu pasina kuvhunduka absorbers.

Sezvo "rori" - Car Tech, uye ayo kusunungurwa hunogadzwa pfupi, muenzaniso zvava chinokosha upfumi yeSoviet. Panguva iyoyo, motokari akatakura vanokwanisa mukati matani 1.5 kwainzi zvikuru zvakakwana. Panguva yokukohwa pamusoro munda anodzinga mazana mota kuti nokukurumidza akatora kukohwa kuti kubudiswa uye ipapo vakadzokera kwavo motokari senga. Car "rori" kwainzi motokari-chinja. Akanga isina zvinetso uye kuderedzwa nokuchengetedza.

Car "rori", michina nokurondedzerwa

Marongerwo michina: perednemotornaya, RWD.

Miganhu uye uremu parameters:

• Motokari urefu - 5335 mm;
• kukwirira - 1870 mm;
• upamhi - 2030 mm;
• pasi Clearance, Clearance - 200 mm;
• wheelbase - 3340 mm;
• Ekuderedza uremu - 1750 mm.

simba chirimwa

Rine zvinotevera unhu:

• Engine muchiso - "GAZ-A ';
• mhando - peturu;
• configuration - mana humburumbira, mu-mutsetse;
• kushanda vhoriyamu - 3285 CC / cm;
• kunonyanyisa chinzvimbo - 40 litres. p.;
• torque - 1200 Zvak / Maminitsi pa 165 Shona;
• humburumbira dhayamita - 98,43 mm;
• compression reshiyo - 4.22;
• Kurohwa - 87 mm;
• Kutonhora maitiro - mvura;
• humburumbira musoro - simbi;
• humburumbira nechigumbuso - simbi;
• Nhamba zvinogara - 4;
• kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza - 70 km / h;

Kutapukirwa - manual, zvina-nokukurumidza gearbox.

"Lorry" - muchina yezvisikwa

Kunze zvatinosiita pamusoro-bhodhi motokari GAZ yakabereka tipper nadzurudzo gasi-C1. Nheyo nokushanda muchina uyu chaiva kujairika. The mutoro mumuviri pakutanga papi zvokuti kwayo gobvu aimanikidzwa seri, izvo yavharwa pedyo nyore chemabhazi. Loader uye mutyairi anovhura zvechizarira, uye kuvaka zvinhu gobvu pasi yayo uremu kudonha kubva kunze. Ipapo chinhu muviri zvakare akadzivira pamusoro zvechizarira.

"Road Roupenyu"

On kutora chikamu GAZ-AA ( "rori") muhondo 1941-1945 zvakanyorwa zvakawanda mabhuku. Asi chinonyanya kukosha munhau nzira iro rire ari kunozivikanwa motokari yaiva "nzira youpenyu", akaisa pamusoro muaizi Lake Ladoga. Izvi kwaiva chete mugwagwa dzaibatanidza rakakombwa Leningrad pamwe kunze nyika.

Ice vaikwanisa chiedza chete GAZ-AA. Military "rori" pamwe tinted headlights zvinyoronyoro enda chinhambwe pasi moto kubva German atirari, kuendesa zvokudya kune guta rakakombwa. motokari dzakawanda akaenda pasi chando, asi zvakadaro guta akaponeswa, kwete mudukusa nemhaka vatsaurire kunozivikanwa "rori".

Mushure pakutanga World Second War Gorky Automobile Plant akatanga kugadzirwa mumarori zvechiuto pane itsanangudzo chimiro. Akatambudzwa nechando-anokungurutsirwa simbi kuperevedza, uye kushaya nhamba yenhengo. Nemauto "rori" vasina masuo - pachinzvimbo akagadzawo kanivhasi sefa, pamberi mapapiro kugadzirwa kubva kwakajairika nemakadhibhokisi simbi. The mabhureki vakanga chete necheseri nemavhiri, akafukidza mugwagwa mumwe hedhiraiti. The divi rusvingo muviri regai vatsenhame.

End okuwana

Chete muna 1944 motokari akatora zvisingatomboiti chimiro, paiva masuo vemiti, kumberi mabhureki, wechipiri headlamp uye divi ichibhabhamisa. Pashure pehondo, "rori" apiwa kubudiswa akawanda, nokuti nyika yaida zvokufambisa. GAZ-AA kugadzirwa mberi kusvikira 1956. Uye munzira, motokari idzi zvaigona kuonekwa kusvikira 1960 kutanga sezvo michina vakwegura haana kutsiva GAZ-51.