Kwegadziriro "5c" iri kugadzirwa: tsananguro, features, misimboti wongororo

Musoro chero boka, zvisinei basa, anoda kukura purofiti uye kugadzirwa mari ndaramba kuchinja. Kuti vabudirire Pamusana yakadaro inoita hurongwa "5S" iri kugadzirwa (5S muna Chirungu shanduro), iro kunobva chete pamusoro ouchenjeri kushandiswa yomunyika mari.

ino haina kusikwa kubva muvare. Zvakafanana panguva pakuguma XIX remakore wakavigira American Frederick Taylor. In Russia isu vakashanda ichi musayendisiti, echimurenga, muzivi uye ideologist AA Bogdanov, uyo rakabudiswa muna 1911 rimwe bhuku mazano management nesayenzi. Pahwaro urongwa zviri mukati muSoviet Union kunge chinozoiswa mumhanzi, kuti, zvesayenzi sangano basa. Asi zvikuru akakwana aiva pfungwa yacho Japanese injiniya Tayiti Ono uye akatanga navo fekitari Toyota Motor System "5c" kumabasa. Chii, uye nei Japanese hurongwa akava akakurumbira zvakadaro?

Chokwadi kuti kunobva nyore musimboti rinoda hapana mutengo. Ndiye ichi - ose mushandi, kubva janita Kumutungamiriri, ndiko optimize chikamu yavo hombe Workflow. Izvi zvinotungamirira nokuwedzera pagadzirwe purofiti zvavo uye kuti ikure mari vashandi vayo vose. Zvino Baton kusvikira pakatanga wegadziriro, "5c" akanga vakanonga mabhizimisi munyika, kusanganisira Russia. Munyaya ino tichashandisa kuedza kuita kuti vatsoropodzi kuti Japanese anoziva mabasa chaizvo, uye zviri zvachose chero nzvimbo yebasa.

"5S" wemuTesitamende pagadzirwe yakadiniko

International 5S rinomirira matanho shanu ( "Step" tichifambirana Chirungu). Vamwe nezvoupfumi uye vanotsigira mafungiro matsva kushanda kutsanangura zita zvinodavirwa muchitendero mashanu vokuJapan, kuti anoramba dzika 5S munyika: seiri, seiton, SEIS, seiketsu uye sitsuke. Nokuti isu pedyo uye zvimwe zvinzwisiswe yedu "5c" chizvarwa - shanu matanho sequential kuti vanofanira kuita kuti vabudirire kubudirira kwayo kugadzirwa. Ivo:

1. Sort.

2. Compliance chete hurongwa.

3. Zviri Mukati yakachena.

4. Standardization.

5. Improvement.

Sezvaunogona kuona, hapana chinoshamisa maitiro "5S" iri kugadzirwa kunoda. Zvichida ndokusaka zvinokwanisika kusangana kusvikira kusavimba uye zvachero mafungiro.

Matanho kusika hurongwa

Vakachenjera Japanese Tayiti neOno, uyo, nemhaka yebhuku kufekitari kugadzirwa "Toyota" unyanzvi hwavo, akakwanisa paya kusimudzirwa kubva injiniya kuti mukuru mukuru, akataura sei zvikuru kurasikirwa imhaka dzakasiyana-siyana vaite uye overlaps. Somuenzaniso, uri conveyor hairwirwi chero duku screws nenguva, uye somugumisiro ndokuwira rose kugadzirwa. Kana ndiEzekieri, mashoko nyaya wemari, vakanga basa, uye somugumisiro munhu kubva mudonzvo aifanira kutora kudzokera yokuchengetera zvinhu, uye ipapo vanopedza ravo basa nguva maturo. Tayiti Ono yakatanga pfungwa, iyo akadana "panguva yakakodzera." Kureva pamusoro conveyor zvino anouya zvakawanda akadzama sezvo uchida.

Pane mimwe mienzaniso. "5S" wemuTesitamende pakuburitswa kunosanganisirawo pfungwa "kanban," izvo Japanese rinoreva "kushambadzira chiratidzo". Tayiti Ono akapa zvose chimwe nechimwe chiridzwa kana kunamatira inonzi Tag "kanban," dzakapiwa ose anodiwa mashoko pamusoro zvikamu kana zvokushandisa. Pfungwa, zviri kushandiswawo chinhu. Somuenzaniso, zvinhu, mishonga, folders muhofisi. Pfungwa yechitatu, iyo inobva kwegadziriro "5c" kumabasa, yaiva pfungwa "kaizen," zvichireva kuramba kuvandudzika. We kukwira nevamwe pfungwa chete akasvika zvikuru unyanzvi kugadzirwa pezvakaitwa. Munyaya ino, isu hatingazvirumbidzi funga. Somugumisiro, vose zvakagadzirwa kuedzwawo tsika uye kuumbwa 5 matanho kushandiswawo chero kugadzirwa. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

kufambira

Vazhinji vedu pamusoro desktops kuunganidza zvinhu kuti, pfungwa, kwete zvakakodzera. Somuenzaniso, vakuru siyana zvisina kushandiswa mafaira, drafts Masvomhu, jira, pamusoro vamire kofi. Uye pakati nyonganyonga ichi zvingava mafaira zvakakodzera kana magwaro. The chikuru Misimboti "5S" gadziriro iri raireva kuti optimize Workflow wako, unofanira kuita kuti varege kutambisa nguva kutsvaka zvakarurama zvinhu pakati zvisingakoshi blockages. Ndiyo ndokumwewo. Ndiko, kumabasa (pedyo muchina iri tafura Studio - pose) zvinhu zvose vari kuwedzera munzvimbo mirwi miviri - anodiwa uye basa, izvo zvakafanira kubvisa. Uyezve, zvakanaka zvose yaora munzvimbo inotevera wemagazini, "rinoshandiswa kakawanda uye kuramba," "kashoma kushandiswa", "zviri kashoma kushandiswa." In Sorting ichi zvapera.

vaitamba kuti

Kana iwe chete kuti kunze zvinhu, hapana chichabudirira. Tinoda zvinhu izvi (maturusi, zvinyorwa) kuwedzerwa nenzira kuti akaramba kushandiswa uye aiwanzosangana mupfungwa kana kuti zvinogona nokukurumidza uye nyore kuisa shure. Chinhu kuti kashoma kushandiswa, inogona akatuma pose bhokisi, asi zvinokosha kuti batanidza chaiyo "kanban", saka kuti mushure nguva unogona nyore uye zvakarurama vanoiwana. Sezvaunogona kuona, "5S" mamiriro kumabasa rinotanga zvikuru matanho anokosha, asi chaizvoizvo zvinoitika kubudirira chaizvo. Uye kunze, izvozvo kunonatsiridza manzwiro uye chido kushanda.

Contents yakachena

danho iri rechitatu vakawanda kupfuura musoro. Cherechedza utsanana tinodzidziswa kubva pauduku. In mukugadzira zvakakodzerawo, uye, zvinofanira kuva pachena kwete chete sezvo vashandi hofisi kana makabhati mu Eenhede establishments, asiwo michina, utility mukamuri cleaners. MuJapan, vashandi yakanyatsofungwa ukama mabasa avo, katatu pazuva vari kumorwa - mangwanani pamberi basa, zvemasikati uye madekwana, panopera zvokuita zuva. Uyezve, havana kuziviswa emakambani chokuguma anokosha munzvimbo iyo vanoremekedza kugadzirwa nomurayiro, nzvimbo kureva mavara akasiyana anozivikanwa pakati apera zvigadzirwa, kuchengetera zvimwe zvikamu uye zvichingodaro.

Standardization

Standardization zvinotaurwa yakaitwa asi Tayiti Ono. kushandiswa zvikuru mazuva ano uye 5S hurongwa. kugadzirwa zvakanaka, ne standardizing anowana guru chishandiswa zvose muitiro kudzora. Somugumisiro, Kurumidza kubvisa zvinokonzera shure papurogiramu uye zvakarurama zvikanganiso kuti kukonzera kugadzirwa murombo-unhu zvigadzirwa. At Toyota Motor chirimwa Standardization akatarisa seizvi: vanatenzi vakanga zuva yehurongwa kumabasa akaturikwa mirayiridzo chaiwo pakupera kushanda chaiyo mudonzvo upenyu aongorore iyo zuva paiva zvarakasiya kubva kuronga uye nei. Ndiwo inokosha kutonga Standardization, ndiro chairo instructions, yehurongwa uye tarisisa dzavo Implementation. Zvino emakambani zhinji, dzakadai ENSTO mafekitari muEstonia, akasuma bhonasi hurongwa vashandi mukanyatsochengeta kutevera urongwa wegadziriro, "5c" uye tichishandisa ichi kuvandudza mashandiro avo, izvo chikonzero chikuru kutevedzera ino sezvo mararamiro.

zvakakwana

Danho wechishanu rinopedzisa kwegadziriro "5S" kumabasa, inobva Kaizen maonero. Zvinoreva kuti vashandi vose, pasinei nenzvimbo, vanofanira kutsvaka kuvandudza muitiro kushanda kwavo basa nzvimbo. The Chaizvoizvo ouzivi kaizen ndechokuti hwedu hwose upenyu kunyatsozivana ose zuva, uye danda riri basa - zviri muupenyu, naicho hachifaniri kubva kuvandudzika.

Field pebasa pano zvikuru, nokuti mitemo vakakwana haako. Maererano pfungwa hwevashandi Japanese pachavo kuti kuda kuvandudza ayo kugadzira muitiro, pasina kutungamirirwa uye compulsions. Zvino masangano akawanda kusika chikwata vanoshanda hanya risanyatsobuda, kudzidzisa zvakwakanakira ruzivo vamwe, zvinobatsira kuita zvinhu zvakakwana.

zvinhu zvikanganiso

Nokuti nyika ino "5c" vakatanga kushanda, kwete zvakakwana kuti sangano kana kuti kutora basa vashandi, iyo ichange kumanikidza vamwe vavo kushandisa nayo. Zvakakosha kuti vanhu vazive zviri kushanda utsanzi ichi uye kushandisa sechinhu mararamiro. Implementation kuti "5S" wemuTesitamende pakuburitswa yokuRussia iri zvatiomera chaiyo nokuda chokuti Russian Pfungwa yedu yakasiyana vokuJapan. Nokuti vazhinji maindasitiri edu kunoratidzwa zvinotevera:

1. vashandi, kunyanya kana havana chinokurudzira incentives, havatsvaki kuwedzera mari zvavakanga vachida kuita. Ivo vanobvunza, nei edza kuita dzakapfuma mukuru kana iye saka zvose imomo.

2. Vakuru pachavo havasi kufarira pakutevedzera '5S "ezvinhu, nokuti havaruoni zvakakodzera.

3. Vakawanda nomurayiro, "pamusoro-pasi", anoshandiswa kuita kuti "ratidza" chete. MuJapan, pane akasiyana chaizvo mafungiro kuti basa ravo. Somuenzaniso, imwe Tayiti neOno, Pakusuma gadziriro "5c", haana kufunga azvipfumise uye kubatsira kwemapilgrim Company, umo aingova injiniya.

4. emakambani dzakawanda akasuma nechisimba "5S" hurongwa. Dzakaonda kugadzira, zvichiratidza kuparadzwa kutambisa siyana (kushanda maawa, mbishi zvinhu, vashandi vakanaka, chido uye dzimwe variables) panguva imweyo zvikasashanda, sezvo vashandi vanotanga zvakakwana kurwisa utsanzi, izvo pakupedzisira kunoderedza zvose nokuedza razero.

5. Vatungamiri vari pakutevedzera hurongwa, hatinyatsonzwisisi chaizvo ayo, ndokusaka pane kukundikana zvakanaka-chinosimbiswa kugadzirwa pezvakaitwa.

6. Standardization kazhinji achikura kuva munhu muboka revatungamiriri, wakanaka ngaakuitirei anowana mirayiridzo nhungamiro, izvo chete kudzivisa basa.

Reviews

The vokuRussia, vanenge vakasuma kwegadziriro "5c" kumabasa, utsanzi iri zvakasiyana chaizvo wongororo vasara. Vakapemberera pluses:

• zvinofadza kuti kumabasa;
• regai kutsausa kubva basa zvisingakoshi zvinhu;
• zvakanyatsojeka ndiyo Workflow;
• akaderedza kuneta pakupera chaishanda;
• mubayiro yakawedzera zvishoma nokuda kuwedzera basa negoho;
• ungaderedza kukuvara Occupational.

Vakapemberera nezvayakaipira:

• kugadzirisa, dzakamanikidzwa kurasa zvose;
• Standardization chakaguma kuwedzera muboka revatungamiriri;
• Sumo of "5S" mamiriro kwete zvose nzvimbo kambani akabatanidza dambudziko;
• kugadzirwa maitiro pakutanga, "5c" akafukidza kuti dzinokosha dzakadai kushaya kupembedza zvikamu.