Kurapa Mukurapa uye Kuvhiya

Pasina mubvunzo, basa rechiremba rinokudzwa, kudzorera vanhu vanorwara kuhutano nekuvaponesa kubva murufu. Zvakakosha zvakafanana basa revanesi. Zvinonyanya kukosha zvekuyamwisa zvakadzorerwa zvakare muzana remakore reXI uye kwemakore mazhinji zvakave nekuchinja kukuru. Asi hurukuro inoramba ichisimbiswa - kukwanisa kwevanamukoti kubatsira murwere nesimba rose rokudzoka, uye asingagoni kurapwa - pasina kutambura kufa.

Mukoti anonyanya kuzivikanwa

Zvinowanzotenda kuti mukoti akavakwa neChirungu mukadzi wechiChirungu Florence Nightingale. Zvechokwadi, akaita zvinoshamisa zvikuru kuti agadzirise zvakanaka basa revashandi. Mabasa eFlorence neshamwari dzake muzvipatara panguva yeHurumende yeCrimea yakaita kuti kuderedzwa kwenhamba yevakafa vakakuvara kubva 42 kusvika kune 2 muzana. Ichi ndicho chiitiko chinoshamisa! Yakagadziriswa nekuda kwekuiswa kwemitemo ye aseptic mumadhidhi, kunyanya mumashure ekuchengetedza uye varwere vakakomba. Mukuyeuka mukadzi uyu anoshamisa, mhirizhonga yezita rake yakagamuchirwa, iyo inonzi inowanikwa mubayiro wepamusoro kune vanamukoti vemazuva ano, uye zuva rokuberekwa kwaFlorence (May 12) ikozvino rinochengetwa seSouth Holiday - Mukoti weZuva. Ikoko kune iyo inonzi "Nightingale Syndrome", inosanganisira kubuda kwevashandi vezvechiremba vasingadikanwi nemabasa ekugadzirisa manzwiro emakadhi avo.

Matanho ekutanga ekuyamwisa mukurapa nekuvhiya

Hazvina mhosva kuti zvakakosha zvakadini naFlorence Nightingale, muitiro wokushanda sechiremba kana, sezvazvakataurwa, vanachiremba vorudo, zvaivepo kwenguva refu asati ambo. Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi11, nharaunda dzekutanga dzevakadzi dzakabuda. Nyaya inoyeuka zita raElizabeth Tyurinengskaya, uyo akavaka chipatara nemari yake uye akaronga musha wevakadzi vaEribethethani, vachibatsira varwere, kusanganisira vane maperembudzi (vane zviratidzo zvemaperembudzi, vanofunga sevasingagoni kurapwa uye vanovhiringidza kuti kunyange hama dzakaramba kubva kune varombo). Akavakawo nherera, kwavakatarisira nherera dzinorwara. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa sekutanga "kumedza" kweukoti mukurapa.

MuCrimamerica imwechete yeHondo, pasinei nemabasa e Nightingale, hutano hwevanamukoti vedu vekumba hwakarongeka zvakanaka, sezvakataurwa naPavlov anonyanya kutaurwa. Havana kungotakura vakakuvadzwa kunze kwehondo, asiwo vakazvimiririra vachiita mabasa, kushandiswa mabheji, vaiita kurapwa nemishonga inodzorwa. Parizvino, vanamukoti vanamukoti vanoshanda vanamukoti vanosanganisira mabasa matsva, asi nheyo dzayo-kuvimbisa kushanda kwakanaka kwevarwere vanoshanda - yakaramba yakafanana.

Basa revanamukoti vemazuva ano

Munyika yanhasi, hutsva hutsva hwehutano huri kuonekwa gore roga roga, nzira dzezvehutano dziri kuvandudzwa, mishonga inobatsira zvikuru iri kusikwa. Mukoti mumwe nomumwe anofanira kuziva zvose izvi kuchinja kuitira kuti vaite zvakakwana mabasa avo emhizha. Nokuda kweizvi, seminari uye dzidzo dzinovandudza dzinogara dzakarongwa muzvipatara uye polyclinics. Specialty "Mukoti" inogona kuwanikwa kuchikoro chekurapa kana kwekoroji. Iko kune zvikamu zvinotevera zvevanamukoti:

• Ward room;
• Varindi;
• Operating;
• Procedural;
• Mapurisa emaruwa;
• Dietary.

Chimwe nechimwe chepamusoro chinzvimbo chazvo chakine chaicho chaicho, ruzivo rwekuwana ruzivo rwekudzidzisa nekuita. Pakuguma kwekudzidza chikwangwani chinobudiswa. "Mukoti" ndiro zita rehuwandu, uye kuwedzera pazviri, unyanzvi hunoratidzwa.

Mukoti unoshanda

Chiremba mukuru webazi rezvechiremba anosarudza nzvimbo iyi. Vaya avo vane medobrazovaniem havasi pasi pevhareji, avo vave vachishanda mukushanda uye kupfeka makamuri, vanogona kukumbira. Kurapa mukuvhiya kunonyanya kutarisira. Izvo zvinoshandiswa pano ndezvokugadzirira zvakakwana kwekushanda, uye panguva iyo-kuzadzikiswa kwemirairo yezviremba zvechiremba. Izvo basa remukoti rinopa kudzivirirwa kwechirwere kubva kune zvirwere zvokuvhiya uye basa risina matambudziko rechiremba.

Kugadzirira kwekuvhiya kunosanganisira sterilizing instruments yekuvhiya, maererano nezvinodiwa neasepisisis, uye kuvaisa patafura yekuyamwisa. Nguvo, magirafu, uye mapepa anovewo akaenzana. Iro mutoro wekoti anoshanda kuti apiwe basa rokuvhiya nezvose zvakakosha zvakagadziriswa (mabheji, cotton swabs, sutures, antiseptics, mamwe mishonga inodiwa) uye kuongorora hutano hwemishonga yemishonga.

Mitoro panguva yekushanda

Kurapa mukuvhiya hakusi kungoita mutoro, asiwo kunoshamisa. Hanzvadzi inoshanda inofanira kunge iine kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwekufambira mberi kwebasa iri kuuya, kuitira kuti rigadzirire risina kukanganisa kumwe. Zvakakosha kunyange mune zvakarongeka akaisa chikwata chekushandisa padhesiki rake, nokuti chiremba wacho anonyanya kutarisa pane zvaanoita panzvimbo yekucheka uye haatongorwi nezvinhu zvakadai sokurayira hanzvadzi yake chinhu icho chaanomupa. Anofanira kuzviziva iyeye, uye anogonawo kushandisa chiridzwa asina kuputsa simba rake. Kusarudza hukuru hwakakura hwesingano, unhu hwakanga hwaidiwa uye urefu hwehutachiona uye kuhuongorora kuti uwane simba inoshandawo mukoti anoshanda. Pakupera kwebasa rekushanda, mabasa ake anosanganisira kuongorora zviridzwa zvose, achivatumira kubhabisa uye kugadzirira murwere kutakura kuenda kune wadhi.

Unyanzvi uye mano

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mukoti anobatsira anobatsira chirembayi somubatsiri. Kurapa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro ndiko kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinogadzirisa nzira inowanzoitwa yekuvhiya. Mukoti anofanira kukwanisa kuwedzerwa kuwedzerwa ropa, kuisa uye kubvisa mvura, makatekete, kuita zviito kuti arege kubuda ropa, kushanda uye kubvisa zvigunwe, kubatsira chiremba pakuita zvidzidzo zvekupedzisira, kutora punctures, kutarisa kutumirwa kwechirwere chemurwere kuti awedzere kuongorora, kuvhidzira chirwere Mavanga ane chigunzva uye anoputika, shandisa mabheji uye gypsum.

Mabasa ewadhi uye vanachiremba vanongoronga

Zvechokwadi, kurapwa kwomurwere hakungoratidzi chete kuti basa racho rinoitwa zvakadini muimba yekushandisa. Unyamu huriwo mune zvekuchengetedzwa kwemurwere. Inoitwa nevanamukoti varo. Vanovimbisa utsanana hwomurwere, kutevera kurapwa kwemavanga, kutevera vanachiremba, kuraira, kupa injisi, kupa mishonga, kuenzana kwezvinokonzera, kutonhora, pamwechete nemukoti ane chiremba anopa chikafu chakakodzera uye anotarisira basa revanesi mujeri kuti ave nechokwadi chezvinhu zvose zvehutsanana.

Iro mutoro wevanamukoti vekugadzirisa kuchengetedza nzvimbo yekurapa yakachena, uye zvese zvishandiso uye zvigadziro zvakakosha kuti zvive basa, muvhu rakaoma. Zvechokwadi, vanofanira kunge vachikwanisa kuita marudzi ese emakirako, kusvitsa ropa kuongororwa, uye kugadzirira murwere kuti awedzere kurapa. Kuti uve wadhi kana mukoti wekambani, zvakakwana kupedzisa mafundo anokosha, mushure mokunge miedzo inopfuudzwa uye chikwata chinobudiswa.

Shanda nevana

Kana murwere ari muchipatara ari mwana, kushanda naye ane zvinyorwa zvake. Izvi zvinoyamwisa mukurapa zvakasiyana chaizvo nezvimwe zvikamu. Varwere vaduku havakwanise kutaura zvakajeka pamusoro pemamiriro avo. Vakawanda vavo havazivi kuti vanozvichengetedza sei, vanotambura kusava nehanya. Psycheche yengwana inonetseka zvikuru uye inonzwisa chero kuratidzwa kusina kunaka kwevanhu vakuru. Nokudaro, varindi vedare mumatare evana vanofanira kunge vakateerera, vane mutsa, vanonzwira tsitsi uye vane mwoyo murefu. Mabasa avo anosanganisira:

• Nzira dzehutano hwezuva nezuva kumwana mumwe nomumwe;
• Kushamba kwevana mushure mechiito che defecation;
• Kuchinja kwemucheka werineni kana mwana akazviwisira pamubhedha;
• Kudyisa vana vaduku uye vasina simba;
• Kugadzirira mushonga kuitira kuti usakonzera kutya mumwana nguva isati yasvika, uye panguva yavanoita kukwanisa kuvhiringidza nekusimbisa mwana;
• Nguva dzose kutonga pamusoro pemamiriro emadiki avo maduku.

Mutsa uye rudo mune zvekutsanangurwa kwebasa hakuratidzi, asi unhu uhwu mukushanda nevana hahuna hunodiwa kupfuura unyanzvi.

Vanamukoti vomunharaunda

Kurapa mukurapa hakusi kwekushanda muzvipatara. Basa revanesi mu polyclinics rinokosha zvikuru. Basa ravo rinobatanidza kubatsira chiremba munzira dzevarwere nevana vane utano hwakanaka, kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvemwana mumwe nomumwe, kuchengetedza rekodhi yevarwere vepanharaunda uye nokukurumidza kuvakoka kuongororwa kwekuongorora, kunyora zvinyorwa uye zvigwaro, kugovera chiremba nezvinodiwa zvekurapa zvakakodzera. Pamwe chete nachiremba, vanachiremba vemunharaunda vanoita basa rekuzvarwa patsva uye vacheche zvichienderana nehurongwa huripo huripo, pamwe chete nevana vakwegura nevana vaduku sezvavanoda. Mukuwedzera, mabasa ekoti vanamukoti anosanganisira kushanda nevabereki, vachiita hurukuro dzinodzivirira kuchengetedza vana kubva kune hutachiona nezvimwe zvirwere.