Kunhuwira kweAcetone kubva pamuromo

Zvimwe zvekunze kwekunze mumuviri, zvakadai sechimiro chekutsvaira, kubvongodza, kuputika, kutaridzika kwekunhuhwira kubva mumuromo, kwave kwakambofungidzirwa navanachiremba mukuongororwa kweimwe zvirwere. Kuonekwa kwemafuta asina kukanganisa aaketone emuti , ganda kana mumuromo zvinogona kushanda sezviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana: chokutanga kana chechipiri chirwere cheshuga chemaabetes, acetonemic syndrome, zvinetso zvemoyo, zvirwere zvinopararira uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvehutano hwakanaka. Kunhuwidza kweAcetone kubva pamuromo wemwana kana munhu mukuru kunotsanangurwa nehutano hwakaoma hwekuonekwa, kazhinji hahunoenderana nezera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwevanhu ropa re ketone: acetoacetic acid ( H3C-CO-CH2-COOH ) uye β-hydroxybutyrate ( H3C-CHOH-CH2-COOH ).

Nzvimbo yemagetsi, iyo inokonzerwa nekukwirira kwakanyanya kwemitumbi yakakonzerwa panguva yekuparara kwemafuta acids, inonzi ketoacidosis. Izvi zvinokonzera kushandiswa kwemagetsi kunokonzerwa nekuti muviri haukwanise kutonga zvakakwana kugadzirwa kweketone, sechiguma, keto acids inowedzera uye pH yeropa inoshanduka. Muzviitiko zvakanyanya, ketoacidosis inogona kuuraya. Iyi mamiriro emagetsi anoshandiswa muitiro 1 diabetes mellitus.

Nenguva refu yekushandisa doro, zvinodhakwa ketoacidosis zvinowanzoitika, uye kunewo kunhuwidza kweAcetone kubva pamuromo, kunokonzerwa nehuwandu hweAcetone mumhepo yakasununguka, iyo inogadzirwa-inogadzirwa nekudengenyeka kwepakutenda kwe acetoacetic acid. Inowanzotsanangurwa sekunhuhwira kwekacheka.

Pamusoro pekudzivirira kweglucose muropa (hyperglycemia), inokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwe insulini (yekutanga chirwere cheshuga mellitus) kana kusakwanisa kwemasero kupindura zvakanaka kune insulin (yechipiri chechirwere cheshuga mellitus) kunotungamirira kuwedzera kuwedzera mu acidity yeropa. Muvanhu vane hutano, izvi kazhinji hazviitike, nokuti pancreas inobudisa insulin yakakwana, kana masero anogadzikana zvakanaka kune hormone inogadzirwa zvakakwana ne pancreas. Somugumisiro, glucose inopinda mumasero (haafaniri kushaya nzara), kukosha kwayo muropa hakuwedzeri, uye hapana kuwedzera kwekuwedzera muhutano muropa remitumbi yeketone. Nokudaro, mune vanhu vane utano (vasingatamburi nechirwere cheshuga), hakuna huno hweAcetone kubva mumuromo.

Muvanhu vane chirwere cheshuga, ketoacidosis inosangana ne hyperglycemia (shuga yakakosha yeropa muropa serum) uye kupererwa nemvura. Kuwedzerwa kweglucose kunogona kutungamirira mukugadziriswa kwekugadzirwa kwemaketone emaketone (kuburikidza ne metabolism ye fatty acids), mamiriro ezvinhu umo kune kunhuwira kweacetone kubva mumuromo wemwana kana munhu mukuru. Somugumisiro, pane kuwandisa kweeitsvo, mumuguta, pane glucose (a phenomenon inonzi glucosuria), iyo iri mumuviri wakagadzikana inoputirwa neutsvo uye inodzokera kuropa remvura. Kupinda mumuti weglucose nekuda kwekuwedzera kwaro muropa kunobatsira pakurasikirwa kwemvura. Dhiyabhorosi ketoacidosis inogona kuisa upenyu kune ngozi kuvanhu vane chirwere cheshuga. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga chechirwere cheshuga, asi zvingaitika, mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, zvinoitika kuvanhu vane chirwere cheshuga cheshuga.

Mukudhakwa ketoacidosis, doro rinokonzera kupera simba uye rinodzima ganho rokutanga re gluconeogenesis, nzira inoshandiswa mumagetsi inotungamirira kuchizvarwa cheglucose kubva kune-carbohydrate carbon substrates yakadai se lactate, glycerin, nezvimwe. Iyi ndiyo imwe yenzira mbiri mbiri dzinoshandiswa nemuviri wemunhu nemamwe mhuka kuchengeta mazinga eropa rehuga, iyo inobatsira kudzivisa kudzikira kuderera (chirwere chinonzi hypoglycemia). Imwe nzira yekuchengetedza ropa yehuluji yepamusoro is glycogenolysis - kushandiswa kweglycogen (kuchengetedza karubhaidhirate). Kana pasina glucose yakakwana mumutumbi kupa masero, dambudziko rekugadzirisa rinogadzirwa, semugumisiro weshoko re metabolism re fatty acids, miviri ye ketone inoumbwa uye kune kunhuwa kweacetone kubva mumuromo.

Mild acidosis inogona kuva mugumisiro wekutsanya kwenguva refu kana kudya kwekotogenic (kudya kunosanganisira mishonga ine yakakwirira yepuroteti nemafuta ane yakadzika yemaghaidhyrate), iyo mumishonga inowanzoshandiswa kurapa zvakaoma kuzvidzora chifuyo muvana, zvirwere zvepfungwa, chirwere chisingaperi chine simba Uye mamwe mamiriro. Low-carbohydrate mishonga yakatemwa kuti uite uremu uye kukura kwehutano kunogadzirisawo kudya kweakagidhyrti. Pakutanga kwekutanga, kudya kwakadai kwezvokudya zveglycogen zvakakwana, anenge zuva. Zvadaro muviri unoshandisa mamwe maitiro emagetsi (mafuta uye mapuroteni), mumarara ekugadzirwa kwemaketone, uye kunhuwa kweacetone kubva mumuromo kunowanikwa.