Khorezm munharaunda yeUzbekistan. Kare uye Nhasi

Nzvimbo yekuchamhembe yenyika yeRepublic of Uzbekistan, iyo Khorezm, inowanikwa mubani rakadzika, iyo chikamu chekare yeRwizi rwaAmudarya, rumwe rutivi kumavirira nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kunosangana neKarakum Desert, uko muganhu weTurkmenistan uripo. Ichowo chinoparadzanisa nzvimbo yeBukhara neKarakalpak nzvimbo yeUzbekistan.

District Administrative

Pamuganhu neTurkmenistan ndiyo Khorezm. Guta reUrgench ndiro guta guru. Nzvimbo duku inotakura pasi pe2% yenharaunda yese yeUzbekistan - 6.3 mamiriyoni mamita. Kilometer. Panharaunda yaro kune maguta matatu (Urgench, Khiva, Pitnak) uye 9 makorji. Nharaunda dzose dzehutongi (fogs) - 11 uye guta rekubatana kwenyika Urgench. Icho chiitiko chemazuva ano mune zvemabhizimisi uye zvakagadziriswa. Iine vanhu 163 zviuru. Kutakura kwevanhu vose kunoshanda. Pakati peUrgench neKhiva, pane tricleybus mukati.

Nature of Khorezm

Nharaunda yeKirezrez iri pamhenderekedzo yeRwizi rwaAmudarya, iyo inoshumira semvura inobva munzvimbo ino yerenje. Rwizi, ruchiyerera napakati penzvimbo yakadzika, rine nzvimbo huru yemvura uye mabhangi asina kudzika, ayo akazara nemvura munguva yemvura yakakwirira. Pamusana pekuputika kwayo kukuru, kunounza silt, ivhu rakaoma solonchak inopa kukohwa kwakakosha. Mvura yeAmur Darya inoshandiswa zvikuru mukudiridza. Munguva yeSoviet, sangano rekudiridza rine simba rakasikwa, iro rinosanganisira mvura yekudiridza Shavat, Klychbai, Palvan-Gazavat, Tashsakinsky nevamwe.

Nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kwenharaunda ine mazana maduku maduku, kunyanya saline, nzvimbo dzakasviba uye solonchaks, yakazara nematanda - mashizha ane mapaplar, willow, clematis, loch nemamwe mashizha erenje. Mahombekombe nemasipu zvinoumba apo nzvimbo yacho yakazara nemafashamo uye mvura pasi. Rwizi rwakapfuma mune hove, kune catfish, asp, bream, Chechon, carp, white cupid nezvimwe zvipenyu. Mune mazhenje kune zvikara zvekukara, Bukhara deer, hares, tsanga tsanga, badgers nezvimwe zvipenyu.

Zvekurima uye indasitiri

Nyika yeKirezrez, iyo nzvimbo dzinowanzogadzira pamba uye michero yezvirimwa, inoonekwa seyeguru-indasitiri. Vagari vemuAfrica vanowanzobatanidzwa mune zvekurima panyika inomiririra. Iko huru yezvirimwa mbeu yekotoni, iyo inoshandisa yakawanda yehuwandu huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Kuchengetedza ivhu rakaorera revhu kubva kumhepo iri muminda, akawanda emamberberry miti yakasimwa, iyo yakashanda sechinhu chinokurudzira kubereka kwekuchira, iyo inoshandiswa sechinhu chakasvibirira chesericulture. Iyo nzvimbo inokura zviyo, miriwo uye michero. Pano ichikura mukurumbira munyika yose inotapira uye inonhuhwirira yeM Khorezm.

Indasitiri inonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira michero yezvirimwa, pamwe neizvozvo, kamba yekotoni nemasiraki ari kushanda munharaunda, kune kusona uye kubata michina. Khorezm nzvimbo yakagara ichinyanya kuzivikanwa munyika yose inonzi Khiva makateti. MuKhiva mune gorofu guru rokugadzira michina.

Nzvimbo yepasi iri yakazara mumafuta, gasi, ndarama, sirivha, imwe nyika isingawanzi masimbi, marble uye granite. Vane mining uye kushandiswa.

Nyika yekare yeKirezm

Ndinoda kujekesa kuti nyika yeKirezm, sezvo yakadanwa uye ikozvino inonzi, ndiyo Khorezm. Guta reUrgench harisi nguva dzose raro guru. Rimwechete munguva yekare guta rine zita rakadaro raivepo uye raiva makiromita 150 kubva kuUrgench yemazuva ano. Asi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwi, Amu Amuya akachinja mararamiro ayo uye vanhu vakasiya.

Hunhu hwemunharaunda yacho hahupenyeri nekunaka, asi zvisinei nekufamba kwevashanyi kunowedzera gore negore. Izvi zvinotungamirirwa neyekare kare ye Khorezm, zvigumbuso zvaro zvinoshamisa zvakachengetedzwa, zvakadzoserwa uye zvinounzwa kuvashanyi mukunaka kwakanaka. Panharaunda yenharaunda yacho, nyika dzakawanda dzekuchera matongo dzinogara dziri kushanda, dzichidzidza nzvimbo dzekare uye nzvimbo dzekare, dzakawanda.

Khorezm inonzi inoberekwa nevanhu vanobudirira. Vanochera matongo vakagadza kuti kugadzirisa kwenyika kwakaitika kare kare sezana remakore rechitanhatu neregumi nembiri BC. Kutanga kutaurwa kweKuzrezm kwaiva muAvesta (1 mireniyumu BC). Maererano nenhau, nyika iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yekuberekerwa yeZarathustra yakakurumbira, muprista nemuporofita, muvambi weZoroastrianism, uyo akapiwa kuratidzwa kweAhura-Mazda, iyo inoratidzika se "Avesta". Iyi ndiyo chitendero chekutanga chekutanga panyika.

Pamusoro pemakumi ezviuru, nyika yeKirezm yakaona zviitiko zvakawanda, kupenya nekuwa kwemazuva, kukunda, kuparadzwa uye zvitsva zvinoita kuti maguta ave kubudirira. Sayenzi uye unyanzvi hwakagadzirwa mumaguta eKuzrezm Urgench naKhiva. Kurwisana kwekusingaperi kwemvura kwakaita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira zvivako zvekare zvekudiridza izvo zvakashandura solonchaks risingaperi muoasis inokura. Nhaka yekare - zvigadzirwa zvekare zvekuvakwa, zvinoshanyira nevashanyi vanobva kumativi ose enyika.

Pearl of Uzbekistan - Khiva

Kare Khiva, uyo aimbova mukuru wemambo weKhiva, uyo wakava chikamu cheMambo weRussia kumagumo ezana remakore rechi19, ave achirarama nhoroondo kubva kubva kare, asi akazosvika pakakwirira muzana remakore rechi19 ne20. Munguva iyi munharaunda yaro yakavakwa zvivakwa zvinoshamisa, izvo zvinosanganiswa mumatanho eUNESCO seWorld Heritage Sites.

Chikamu chavo chikuru chinonyanya kuiswa muIchan-kale. Izvi zvakaoma, mumutemo wayo, guta rekare, rakakombwa nemasvingo ane simba ane simba. Imwe nyanzvi yezvigadzirwa zvekuvakwa: minaret yaKalta-Minar, madrasah yaMu Muhammad Amin Khan, imba ye Muhammad-Rahim-khan, muskitiki uye mausoleum aBbi Khodjar, mausoleum e Shakhimardan, mausoleum aSheikh Mavlon Bobo.

Khazarap district

Kurutivi rwekumaodzanyemba ndiKazarasp ruwa rweKuzrezm, inosanganisira misha gumi nemashanu, iyo yakakura kupfuura iyo yose iri guta rePitnak. Kusvikira pakati pemakore ekuma1990, yakanzi Kudanana. Nenzira yacho inopfuura motokari yeUrgench-Turkmenbahad. Ikoko pane chirimwa chemotokari pano.

Pakati penharaunda ndiro guta rekare reKazarasp. Panharaunda yaro zvidimbu zvemasvingo ekare e-fortress, umo maine masvingo okudzivirirwa kweguta, akachengetedzwa. Makona emadziro akashongedzwa shongwe. Munguva yekuchera, zvidimbu zvemakeramiki zvakawanikwa, iyo nguva yaive yakatemwa se 1 mireniyamu BC. Kuguta kubva kuAmur Darya muchengeti mukuru wakachera, iyo yaiva yegungwa.

Koshkupyrsky District

Chimwe chisimbiso chekare chekare chaiva cheKirezm region - Koshkupyr District, iyo ndiyo nzvimbo iri kure zvikuru yeUzbekistan. Panharaunda yaro pane kugadziriswa kweKoshkupyr, pedyo neImorat-Bobo - chivakwa chinogadzirwa chiri munharaunda yemakuva ekare. Inosanganisira musikiti yekumaruwa ane minaret uye matatu mausoleums akamira kunze kweumwe. Nharaunda yacho pane kudzokera shure. Vakabatanidzwa pano mune zvekurima.