Janusz Korczak: Biography pfupi, mapikicha

Munyika yanhasi vanhu vakawanda vanoziva kuti zita - Janusz Korczak. Biography yaiva yakakurumbira Polish chiremba, munyori uye mudzidzisi akarova ake rudo zvinoshamisa upenyu nevana. Zvinosiririsa mugumo wake uye munhu Feat zviripo kuvaona zvizere.

Makore uduku uye kudzidza kuchikoro

zita Korczak raMwari chairo - Hirsch (mu Polish fashoni Henrik) Goldschmidt. Akanga mumhuri yechiJudha muna wePolish umambo, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva chikamu Russian Empire muna 1878.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti haana akararama kusvika akwegura, nguva yakawanda kuona munguva yake J. Korczak. Biography zvishoma haangaupfuuri zvose zviitiko hwake.

Henrik zvakabva mhuri akadzidza: sekuru vake aiva chiremba, uye baba vake - gweta. Kuti unzwe wakasununguka mune wePolish muvanhu, mhuri Goldschmidt iri wakafananidzwa pamwe Poles, kunyanya kusimbisa tsika kurudzi rwake vechiJudha.

The ramangwana munyori Janusz Korczak (Biography, mapikicha iyo, akaita somwana, tiudze nezvake somunhu mukomana anokwanisa uye kuongorora) haana akaratidza kunyanya utano. Zvisinei, nemhaka ruzivo rwake, iye akanyoresa pachikoro nomukurumbira Russian. Kudzidzisa zvakanzi inoitwa Russian, uye ipapo vakadzidza mitauro yose mikuru vakafa uye ano European. Pasinei yakakwirira yakati sandara kudzidzisa, vadzidzisi havana kuratidza kufarira kwevadzidzi vavo. The jimunasiyamu yakanga hunodzorwa kwazvo zvirevo rikabudirira panyama chirango uye paanotsamwa.

Pave paya, Janusz Korczak (Biography inowanika uye vachava inonyatsozivikanwa zvichakurukurwa vana) rakati kuti zvakanzi akaedzwa chesekondari kwakamuita kuti pakusikwa itsva humanistic pedagogy.

The matambudziko okutanga

Korchak Yanush anga kuburikidza zvizhinji. The autobiography munhu uyu mukuru anotiudza pamusoro wokutanga nomuedzo hwake. Kwakadaro aiva baba yomudzimu chirwere zvikuru kuti ndokuwana apo Henryk aiva nemakore 11 chete okuberekwa. All mari mhuri vakasiiwa kurapwa murwere, saka majaya Henrik aifanira kuita tutoring kutsigira mhuri dzavo nemari.

Zvino akazarura dzidziso Talan mudzidzisi anoshamisa muduku, Henrik sezvo hapana akakwanisa kuwana pamwe vadzidzi vavo mutauro nevakawanda, zvakadzikama uye nokungwarira kuvateerera uye kutsvaka rudo kupfuura dzimwe vadzidzisi achibatsirwa wetsvimbo.

Janusz Korczak: Biography zvishoma. Kudana chiremba, munyori uye mudzidzisi

Muna 1898, vachitevera muenzaniso sekuru vake, vaakadana ainzi Henrik paakapinda Medical rorusununguko paYunivhesiti Warsaw. Asi jaya ainyatsofarira kwete chete munhau zvokurapa, asiwo zvinetso pedagogy ano. Kunyange pazera 18, akabudisa basa rake pedagogical yokutanga yaiti "Gordian fundo". Munyaya ino, munyori mhosva vabereki zuva rake kuti zvavari kuita hwavo pane chinhu asi dzidzo yevana vavo. Anokosha chavanokupomerai vakapfuurira vanamukoti uye Vaperekedzi, vari kazhinji mabasa avo havangagoni kukunda muupenyu.

Comments pamusoro rino mupepanhau vakanga akanaka kuti mupepeti rino kuti atungamirire muduku Henrik chikamu yose pasi chete zita.

Gare gare Korczak (muchidimbu Biography kuti munhu Rinotipa munyaya ino) kunyora 22 vhoriyamu mabasa vakazvipira kuna nyaya kurera mwana.

By rinoshanda yokudzidzisa zvinhu Henrik akatanga munguva imwe chete. Muna 1903, iye kwazvo kudzidza zvakaitika Pestalozzi, akatanga kushanda ari chiremba uye mudzidzisi mumwe chipatara Jewish vana vari, akabatana vechiJudha Community rubatsiro nherera.

Inotungamirwa unyanzvi kwounyanzvi uye pakuvhurwa "Imba nherera"

Pashure pokugamuchira muna 1905 chitupa certifying kodzero yokuita mushonga, Janusz Korczak, ane Biography wakasungwa naye nekusingaperi uye mishonga, uye pedagogy, handina kutsvaka kunobatsira nzvimbo.

Kwenguva yakati, inova chiremba rechiuto (panguva iyoyo paiva hondo huru Russian-Japanese, saka vamuri kushanda yeRussian Empire yaidiwa chaizvo), uye ipapo vakaenda Europe kusangana pfungwa mazhinji mumunda dzidzo uye Pediatrics.

Achiri asina kuzivikanwa, zvisinei, anonyora uye rinobudisa kushingaira, uchishandisa zita remadunhurirwa rokuti ake - Janusz Korczak.

Tichidzokera yokumusha kwake, Korchak Yanush, ane Biography iri zvachose chokuita nevana vake, ngaubve zvokurapa uye anozarura okuyamura sangano pasi zita "House nherera." Kubva 1911 kusvikira ake nezvorufu, Korczak achatungamirira sangano iri uye nokupa kwavo simba rose dzidzo yevana vakasiya pasina kutarisirwa nevabereki.

Educational basa

Active kudzidzisa basa Janusz Korczak, ane Biography anotipa nzwisa chokuzvitsaurira uku, rinobatanidza pamwe zvinoshingaira zvokunyora. Zvishoma nezvishoma, zita rake rakava nevakawanda kuvazivisa, pane Sponsors vanotsigira ayo kuedza mari.

Mumakore basa rake rakaoma Korczak uye bhururu wake Stefania Velchinskaya mangwanani kushanda maawa 16 pazuva, havana kudaro nyore kutsungirira vakawanda vana nezvimedu yemberi, vasingachavimbi vanhu.

Hwaro ake yokudzidzisa nzira Korczak anoteya dzidzo yetsika. Mumakore iwayo chete, akabudisa bhuku vadzidzisi uye vabereki vanoda "Sei kuda mwana?", Mubhuku rino, munyori rinotaura pamusoro dzinokosha dzaro humanistic pedagogy inobva pakuda mwana, kuitwa unhu hwake, aptitudes uye zvaunofarira, misangano zvavanoda uye pave ake mupfungwa uye nesarudzo.

Chinoshingaira mutsigiri ane humanist pedagogy mu Russia anova A. S. Makarenko. Zvinozivikanwa kuti J. Korczak, ane Biography hwakabatana Russian, verenga rakabudiswa basa Makarenko uye kunzwisisa nzira dzake kushanda nevana.

Nguva pashure pokuwa hwacho

Pashure pokuwa yeRussian Empire, Poland ndizvo ayo rusununguko. J. Korczak panguva ino pamberi sezvo chiremba muchiuto. Zvisinei, hurumende iri Polish Republic muduku munyori haridzokeri vana vake, akanga zvakare kudana, ikozvino muuto wePolish, apo anonzwa rinorema nefivha, pashure izvo nenzira inoshamisa vakapona.

Kana ropa rakawanda hondo Soviet-Polish dzaserera, Korczak anodzoka nherera ake, saka kuti zvakawanda haazombofi kuvasiya.

Iye opedza simba rake rose nedzidziso. Anoronga hurumende mudzidzi, rinobudisa pepanhau nevana (uye venhau ndivo vana pachavo), anonyora chaizvo uye rinobudisa basa ravo.

Ari kutepfenyura hurukuro kuti vadzidzi. Pakupedzisira, muna 1934, akagadzira yake yakakurumbira 5 mirairo dzidzo, izvo zvaibva kudiwa kuda mwana, nokuchengeta maitiro ake, kusavapo chisimba dzidzo, achidzidzisa kutendeseka uye kusingaperi muitiro yokuzvidzora kuwanikidza.

Zvinosiririsa Biography peji The

Vazhinji zvakaona ruzivo Janusz Korczak, ake Biography - uchapupu. Asi zvichida bvunzo hwakasimba ake upenyu yaiva Second World War. Izvi zvakanga wechina hondo zvakakomba ari mudzidzisi muupenyu. Korczak akakumbira kubvuma naye mberi sezvo chiremba, asi nekuda kwezera rake akanga asara Warsaw.

Mauto eGermany vakanga mberi nokukurumidza, uye nokukurumidza guta rakanga pasi basa.

Old chiremba uye mudzidzisi vakaita zvose kuvana vake havanzwi matambudziko hondo, asi hazvina musimba rake. Zvokudya kushaisa, asingapfeki nguvo uye ushamwari nguo. nherera vechiJudha vokuGermany vakanga nezvokuparara chinhu zvakananga, saka vakabva nokukurumidza ndanogara Warsaw cram. Korczak vakaedza nepose kuti vanoshora ichi, asi mujeri. Ichibuda mairi, akaenda kuvana vake cram, apo akanga akamirira rufu rwake.

upenyu Feat

The utsinye magariro ari cram, Korczak akaedza varege kuora mwoyo uye nenzira dzose kutsigira vaya akanga aripo. Zvisinei, zvaitika vana vake chisimbiso. Muna 1942 akagamuchira murayiro kutumwa kumusasa rufu. Pamwechete nevana vaifanira kuenda, uye vadzidzisi vose, kusanganisira Korczak.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti hurumende yaHitler panguva yokupedzisira kumisa kutumwa Korczak mumusasa, achida kuponesa upenyu mudzidzisi akakurumbira. Zvisinei, chiremba mutana vakaramba kusarudza yakadaro nyasha uye akagovana zvaitika pavana vavo. Janusz Korczak akaurayiwa muna 1942 mune German inokosha musasa Treblinka.