Izvo zvakanakisa zvekudzivirira muRussia

Vanhu havana kumbogara panzvimbo iyo. Apo rutsoka rwekufamba rwakanga ruchivhiringidzwa, gumbo rakagadzirwa, motokari dzekutanga dzakabuda. Apo vainge vakaneta nekugara kune rimwe kondinendi, vanhu vakadzidza kuvaka mabwato nekushambira mhiri kwegungwa.

Apo zvaiita sechechidiki uye kufamba kwemvura, vanhu vakatanga kutanga ndege. Sezvo nhoroondo yenyika inoratidzika, yaigara ichikwezva nekukurumidza, kusingazivi uye mweya wekukakavadzana. Hapana anoshamiswa kuti nokukurumidza apo motokari dzinotanga kuonekwa mumigwagwa yemaguta, pakanga pane makwikwi emakwikwi emakwikwi.

Nhoroondo yekumhanya

Autodromes yeRussia yakava imwe yezvibatanidzwa muketani refu yebhasi, iyo yekutanga yakaitika muna 1894 muFrance, kunyange zvazvo zuva rekuberekwa kwema motorsport riri 1904

Tinotenda nekuda kwekutanga motokari yemotokari, petrol engines akabudisa kunze kwezvinjini, uye kusakanganiswa kwekuuya kwemaawa 45 km / h panguva iyoyo kwaifungidzirwa kuti ndeyekupedzisira. Pakazosvika 1950, paiva nebazi rakasiyana mumakambani emotokari, apo makambani akakurumbira pamwe nemakumbo emotokari akabudisa motokari dzemotokari.

Motokari yemotokari yakashandura kwete chete kuonekwa kwavo gore negore, asiwo kuwanda kwebhiza iri pasi pehuta, hupamhi uye hutsika hwemasati. "Ndarama" nguva inonzi ndiyo nguva kubva muna 1950 kusvika muna 1960, apo nzira dzacho dzakanga dzisati dzagadzirirwa kupfuura nhasi, vatyairi vakanga vasina mabhanhire emakumbo, uye nhamba yezviitiko mumakwikwi yaiva yakanyorwa.

MuRussia, mutambo wokutanga wemotokari wakaitika muna 1900 pa "mugwagwa mukuru" Petersburg-Luga, uye muna 1912 yemotokari yemotokari yekutanga "Russo-Balt C 2430" yakatora nzvimbo yepfumbamwe mumarudzi emarudzi ose kuM Monte Carlo uye yakagamuchira mubairo wekusvika usina kuparara kubva Musoro wekumusoro kunzvimbo yemakwikwi.

Kunyange panguva yekuumbwa kweSoviet simba, mutambo uyu hauna kusiyiwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti rudo rwekukurumidza muvanhu muropa. Nhasi, motokari dzemotokari muRussia dzinovakwa dzichifunga nezvemaitiro ekupambisa "Formula-1".

Autodrome in Volokolamsk

Kubvira pamarudzi ekutanga, kwete chete tsika dzekupa vakunda dzakabuda, asiwo hurongwa hwakagadzirirwa kuvaka zvikwata zvemakwikwi, pakati pavo:

• Oval - yakawanda kwazvo. Iyo yakareba yakareba kubva pa200 kusvika ku 4000 m uye yakawanda. Izvo zvinoratidzwa neAphalt kana shingles.
• Nzira dzengoro ndeimwe yezvinonyanya kuoma, sezvo ine nguva yakawanda yekudzoka.
• Nokuuya kwekukurumidzira, mitsara yakadzika midzi ye 400 m inovakwa.

Nhasi, motokari yemotokari muRussia iri kuzivikanwa kune dzimwe nyika. Nzira iyi, yakavakwa pedyo neVolokolamsk, ine urefu hwe 4070 m uye 15 kutendeuka. Iyo yakagadzirwa nemuvakidzani anozivikanwa weHemann Tilke, nekuda kwehafu yezvikwata zvemotokari mumitambo munyika. Iyo inogona kuve yakachengetedzwa zvakachengetwa kune chikamu "1T". Kuvakwa kwakaitika nekuda kwebhizimisi Teregulov Rustem, uyo asina kungomutsigira chete, asi iyewo mutyairi wemateereri.

Pakazara, vashandi vemari vakazvimirira vakapedza mamiriyoni mana emadhora pakuvakwa kweMoscow Raceway, asi nzira itsva inogona kugamuchira motokari chero ipi zvayo - kubva pamamotokisi kusvika kumatori. Kana iwe uchiita zvimwe zvemazuva ano uye ukavaka pane imwe nzvimbo ye "ruoko rwakatambanudzwa" rwehotera yekugara kwevatambi nevafudzi, iyi nzira inogona kugamuchira Grand Prix. Iyi ndiyo yeRussia yekutanga autodrome yemuzinga uyu. Kuvhura kwenzira iyi kwakaitika muna July 2012, mushure mokunge yakaedza vatasvi vekambani "Renault", ndokupfuura nhepfenyuro ye Superbike uye kunyange kutamba kwenyika mukukwira motokari "Gran Turismo". Pamusorosoro wakadaro "wechiduku" uyu ndiwo mavambo makuru mubasa.

Nezuva ranhasi ndiro iro guru rinotyisa. Russia haigoni kumira pane izvi.

The Smolensk Ring

Nzira iri pedo neSmolensk yakavakwa pakutanga yekufambisa mumakwikwi epamba uye kudzidziswa kwevatasvi. Yake zvakare yakagadzirwa naHermann Tilke. Kureba kweSmolensk Ring i 3357 m uye kutendeuka kwema 17. Nzira yacho iri 80km kubva kuSmolensk pedyo neguta reDorogobuzh.

Yakasunungurwa muna 2010, ndiyo yaiva yekutanga kugamuchira kubvumirwa uye neisensi yeInternational Auto Federation. Zvimwe zvikwata zveRussia zvairemekedzwa nekukudzwa uku gare gare.

Iyi nzira inoratidzika kwete kwete chete nehukuru-yakagadzirwa, asiwo nehupfumirohwo. Pedyo nehotera nehotera, kugamuchira vaenzi panguva yemakwikwi. Kunyangwe zvazvo Ring yeSmolensk yakagadzirirwa vanhu veRussian racers, yakange iri chikamu cheEurope Truck Racing Championship kwemakore matatu akatevera .

Izvi zvinoratidza zvekare kuti motokari dzemotokari yeRussia dzinovakwa maererano nemitemo yenyika uye inoteerera zvizere navo.

Autodrome pedyo neNizhny Novgorod

Imwe makiromita makumi maviri nemasere kubva kuguta iri iyo nzira yeNRing, yakagadzirwa nemugadziri wemagetsi Mikhail Gorbachev pamwe nekubatana neRaceTrack Design Bureau.

Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana neizvi zve autodrome ndiko kuvapo kwekugadziriswa kwakawanda. Saka, pano apa:

• Oval track;
• Shanduro yemitambo yemagetsi;
• Carting;
• Mutsara muna 805 m yemakwikwi pamudhikwi wokudhonza.

Iri racetrack ndiyo yakanakisisa bhenyi munyika iyo yemitambo yeprint. Nzira iyi inoshandiswa kumakwikwi ose eRussia nemakwikwi eRussia Cup mumitambo yemagetsi. Uyewo pairi kurwisana nevatori vechikamu cheNLS nyaya dzemotokari dzemisha.

Iyi ndiyo nzira chete muRussia, iyo inomiririra vateki inoitwa mukati, asi kunodarika kusakwanisa kwebhokisi remotokari uye chivako chekutungamirirwa kwemujaho. Mune zvirongwa zvevatenzi ve autodrome kuti vachinje izvi, asi iye zvino boka rimwe nerimwe rinoisa tende rayo uye rinogadzirira nzvimbo dzebasa.

Kazan Autodrome

Imwe nzira, yakagadzirwa neGermany Tilke project, inogona kushanyira chete 1 km kubva kuKazan. Zvose zvinodhura zveRussia (mufananidzo unoratidzika), yakagadzirwa nehofisi yei tenzi uyu, zviri nyore kuchinja zvishoma. Saka zvakaitika neKazanRing yemugwagwa, iyo yose mamiriyoni 3476 neminotende gumi iyo yakagadzirwa nokuda kwemazuva.

Izvo zvemazuva ano zvakaitwa nevaridzi nenzira yekuvakwa kwebhokisi, dambudziko umo maitungamiri emadzinza, zvivako zvehutungamiri neVIP-dzimba dziripo, akaunza dunhu iri kusvika kumazinga emigwagwa yakanakisisa, maererano nevatyairi ivo pachavo.

Autodrome yakavakwa mune rimwe raimbova basa, saka kusiyana kwekukwirira kwemugwagwa kunosvika kusvika mamita 30. Mhando dzekushanduka kwemazuva ano dzinogona kuzviunza kune dzimwe nyika, kana basa rekuvandudza richaenderera mberi. Kuti uite izvi, wedzera nhamba yemabhokisi uye ugadzirire gomba-kuvaka.

Zvigadziko zveKazan autodrome ndiyo nzvimbo yakakwirira yemakamuri, uko iwe unogona kuona nzira yose kubva pane imwe nzvimbo. Sezvo nzvimbo yacho iri pedyo necheguta, vatori vechikamu nevashanyi vemakwikwi vanogona kugara mumahotera eko.

Autodrome pedyo neSt. Petersburg

Hazvigoneki kuti nzira iyi inogona kuonekwa sehutano hwakakodzera, sezvo, nehurefu hwayo hwema 3,073 m uye 11 kutendeuka, hapachina kuve nekusiyana kunofananidzwa munzvimbo yakakwirira, uye mamiriro ehurongwa hwekugezera hahuna kunaka. Mushure mokunge imwe neimwe inonaya mvura, nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzemugwagwa dzinozara nemvura, iyo isingaomeswi kwenguva yakareba.

Yakawanda yemugwagwa uyu yakakodzeri yemotokari yemotokari uye yemazuva-nhamba. Zvinhu zvekugadzirisa zvinhu hazvina kusimbiswa, asi kana kune makwikwi, vatambi uye vatenzi "vanoponeswa" nekuti dunhu iri makiromita mashanu kubva kumugwagwa wegomba kuenda kuSt. Petersburg.

Mukuwedzera kune mutsetse wakareba wakatanga mutsara, iyi nzira haina chimwe chinhu chinogona kufarira vashandi nevarongeri vemitambo mukushandiswa kwayo.

The Ring Ring

Hasi dzose motokari dzemakwikwi muRussia dzinobvumirwa neFIA. Somuenzaniso, nzira "Moscow Ring", yakagadzirirwa pakutanga kune yaimbova mhepo yemhepo kuMyachkovo, hazvisi. Iko iri makiromita makumi maviri kubva kuguta guru, uye mapoka ekutanga pano akatanga muna 2002, nokuti chikamu chipi chemitambo yakashandiswa.

Muna 2005, dunhu racho rakaendeswa kunzvimbo itsva, mugwagwa wakadzorerwa zvakare, zvivako zvekutungamirira, mabhokisi akavakwa uye zvigadziko zvaive zvakagadzirwa. Nzira yacho yaiva 3275 m kureba ne 17 kutendeuka. Mutevedzeri uye muridzi wemugwagwa waiva Shota Abhazava, yakagadzirwa naEldar Marchenko, muumbi wekuRussia.

"Ring Ring" inogamuchira chete mapoka ehurumende, kunewo maitiro-mazuva, mapurisa emamate uye kuedza.

Autodrome pamusoro pechando

Kune vatyairi vasina kukwana adrenaline uye vakaneta nekufambisa pamigwagwa yakawanda, varongi vezvikwata zvakanyanyisa vanopa kushanyira zvakanakisa motokari dzemakwikwi pairiza muRussia.

Zvechokwadi, nokuda kwechinangwa ichi, vazhinji vanobva kuSiberia vari kuedza kuronga marudzi akafanana, asi guta rehurumende haritisi zvibvumirano zvezviitiko zvakadai zvine ngozi.

Pakati pemagetsi echando anoshandiswa gore negore, zvinokwanisika kuratidza nzira huru "Industrial zone", yakagadzirirwa pedyo neYekaterinburg. Vatungamiri ve "ice" "ice" "nguva" yega yega imwe itsva itsva inovandudza nzira, zvichiita kuti inakidze, inokurumidza uye yakaoma. Zvinogadzirisa mafungiro avo chete ukuru hwechigadzirwa chemagetsi apo marudzi anopfuura.

Chimwe chenguva yakazara yechando chiri kuLake Baltym pedyo nechetara reLesnaya Skazka. Inoshanda zuva nezuva kubva 11.00 kusvika 23.00. Mvura yegungwa iri inokubvumira kuti ugadzirire pakarepo 2 nzira dzakakwana, dzakagadzirirwa zviratidzo, zvivhenekera uye zvipando zvechando.

"Masikati Tale Tale" inogamuchira vaeni vose, kupa zororo muvhara, sauna, pamapuroni ane mabhabheti uye makamuri anofadza.

Motokari uye chikwata chemotokari

Autodrome FSO yeRussia, iri pedyo neguta re Staraya Kupavna, yakavhurwa muna 2008 nechinangwa chekubata makwikwi ose emakwikwi uye zvemitambo uye zvezorodhi.

Muchikwata paRecetrack, vanodzidzisa kutyaira uye vanoronga mapoka emitambo kusimudzira motokari yemitambo.