Icon "The kusuwa uye neshungu kunyaradzwa": tsananguro, mapikicha, zvinokosha. History mifananidzo, akathist, kuvake munamato

Pakati dzakawanda mifananidzo Mambokadzi Heaven mifananidzo "In kusuwa uye kurwadziwa kunyaradzwa", mapikicha zviri munyaya ino rine nzvimbo chaiyo, pasinei nokuti yaro yepakutanga haina kukasvika nhasi, uye vari mumachechi Orthodox dzinongova kopi. rutumba ichi chaiva chipo akaunzwa wokuRussia nyika yekare Mount Athos, uye ndiye wakashata chakajairika kuburikidza naye zvishamiso.

Pakuonekwa mufananidzo yepakutanga ari mutsvene

By kupukunyuka mazita zviri nyore kuwana pfungwa sei icon akatarisa "In kusuwa uye kurwadziwa kunyaradzwa". Description rinogonawo dziri hwakawanda huripo magwaro. Yaiva diki kukura ari tricuspid triptych, nzvimbo yaiva akagovera waJudas Mhandara pamwechete Pre-husingaperi Infant mumaoko ayo. Vaiva St. Ioann Predtecha uye Ioann Bogoslov.

Kristu, akabata tsvimbo muruoko rwake rworuboshwe, kodzero kuropafadza vose vakatora dzidziso dzake. In yepazasi chikamu icon, uyewo kudivi mapapiro kuratidza inofananidza yevatsvene, avo vakarumbidza dzezvakaitwa Ishe. Zviri chifananidzo ichi Amai Mwari akasvika pakuzivikanwa se "The kusuwa uye kurwadziwa kunyaradzwa".

History kuvake

It ine midzi yekare Byzantium. Icon of Mhandara "The kusuwa uye kurwadziwa nyaradzo" yakatanga kutaurwa zvinyorwa maringe XVII remakore. Zvinozivikanwa kuti vaiva Constantinople tateguru Afanasii III, uye zvadaro somusande chargeability kuti mutsvene. Pamwe chete naye, iye wokutanga akauya Russia muna 1653, apo pashure ake wakakomborerwa azorore vakatamira mumwe vakuru Mount Athos Vatopedi wemamongi.

Munguva dzekare, Patriarch Athanasius III akararama paGomo Athos, kumonasitiri Vatopedi. Muna 1849, musi panzvimbo Sero wake wakazarurwa yakazozivikanwa Papera yemamongi St. Andrew wacho, abbot okutanga, Vissarion, sezvo makomborero akagamuchira kubva abbot pakati wemamongi icon, sezvo zvakanga zvikurukuru vakavharirana mikova nzira I akararama pano primate chechi Byzantine.

Pakuonekwa rokutanga kuzvidhori pamusoro Holy Russia

Mumakore iwayo, kukwidza mari tsvene yokugara, pakati dzimwe hama, kuroorana uye rinotungamirirwa izvi, muSt Petersburg mumongi Theodoret. Kutsigira mumongi iyi yakaoma, asi inokosha chokwadi, iye Icon "In kusuwa uye kurwadziwa nyaradzo" wakatumwa, sezvo ari upenyu hwechitendero uye avo, uye vamwe zvakawanzwa.

Muna August 1853, akatumirwa negungwa Odessa uye akaponesa neposvo kuna St. Petersburg. Zviripachena, ari Russian romukova XIX remakore kwakashanda nani pane nhasi, nekuti mufananidzo musande panguva nzira Akagamuchira chinokosha kukuvara. Muguta iri Neva akagara kwemakore matanhatu, vachifambidzana ieromonahu Theodoret nokuteerera uye ichiiti maropafadzo Mambokadzi Heaven. Kana muna 1859 akadzokera Mount Athos, mufananidzo tsvene akazviratidza cloister zvakare.

Miracles zvakaitwa mudunhu Kursk

Panguva ino, makore mana chete icon "The kusuwa uye kurwadziwa nyaradzo" rakaitirwa pasi rechiGiriki pedenga, uye zvakare nzira kwayo akarara muna Russia, zvino muruwa Kursk, iyo akaenda mumongi Paisius chinangwa chakafanana kuti baba vake, Theodoret - mari muunganidzwa hama. Hazvina kubva mukurumbira zvishamiso achishandisa Queen wake hweKudenga, vakatengesa kumativi ose enyika.

Nyaya zvokuporesa zvakaitika kuburikidza neminyengetero, akakwira Mariya pamberi mufananidzo wake nechishamiso, akanyorwa mubhuku chaiyo akaramba kwemakore kusimbisa kutenda uye umwari vanhu. Wokutanga yakatanga kusvika 1863. Nyaya pacharo rakasiyana nemamwe pachayo, uye naizvozvo tinofanira kuitarira zvizere.

Student, chimumumu

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva mumabhuku chechi rechechi yacho munharaunda mavo kukereke musha Kyrmyzh Vyatka dunhu, rimwe mudzidzi Vyatka chikoro yechitendero, uyo aibva mumhuri yechitendero chaizvo pavharanda pamusuo temberi nokupfuura mutorwa akamukumbira kuti kubudisa vamwe mashoko kuna baba vake jaya vakanga vava pedyo panguva mupristi-mumongi.

Mukomana asingafungi vakaregeredza chikumbiro chake. Nokukurumidza, chiratidzo usiku akaona varume vatatu luminous upreknuvshih naye mhosva uye zvipikirwa pedyo kurangwa. Mangwanani akatevera, mumwe mudzidzi akanga chimumumu. Kwemakore matanhatu akaramba akanyarara. Pakazosvika nguva vakashanya temberi kuvake "In kusuwa uye kurwadziwa kunyaradzwa". Kuperekedza nayo pakuguma munyengetero basa, jaya pakarepo akanzwa mumutauro nefivha, uye pakarepo akawana simba pakutaura.

Zvakawanda zvishamiso yakaratidza kuvake

Nyaya iyi unoshamisa ukauyiswa bhuku muchechi uye vanopupurirwa ne zvikamu wezvapupu dzakawanda. Kubvira ipapo zvishamiso akadurura zvikuru pamusoro vose vane kutenda netariro, akaita mufananidzo dzvene. Leafing kuburikidza yellowed nokuda nguva machira, tinodzidza kuti mugore iroro, musi October 20, yakafanana chishamiso chakaitika nomudzimai yomunharaunda Sexton Akulina Frolova, mwana uyo akatambura hwakanyanya rurimi-yakasungirirwa.

Kwapera mwedzi, utano chakapiwa muFirisitia Savely Ermakova, kwemakore akawanda akangorara kuoma makumbo, uye zuva rakatevera akanunurwa vari kufa puerperal fivha muduku zvavatengesi mudzimai Yelizaveta Martynova. Zvose zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa mubhuku, kwete nyora, uye vangani vavo asingazivikanwi kuvazukuru!

Chipo Mutsvene Mount Athos Russian ivhu

Apo hieromonk Paisius akauya nguva kudzokera Mount Athos, kunoshamisa Icon naye akasiya Kaluga nyika. NeKijuni vanhu vakasiya ndangariro zhinji kudaro zvokuporesa vakawana kuburikidza nawo, iyo rwunotumirwa Mutsvene Gomo Russia mazana tsamba chete chikumbiro kudzokera nayo kwenguva pfupi nguva.

Muna 1876, kuti mufaro mukuru vokuRussia, icon of Amai vaMwari "The kusuwa uye kurwadziwa nyaradzo" chakamukazve chava Sangano panyika yedu, vakauya muna Rostov, uye muna 1890 hama St. Andrew wemamongi vakasarudza kutuma zvose St. Petersburg, apo kuti nguva yakawanikwa Athos pachivanze. Vanoenda chipo chinokosha chawakapiwa yemberi abbot pakati wemamongi, Hieromonk Joseph.

The inoenda pamahombekombe Neva

All panzira yomukatikati guta riri Neva akanga dzakabatanidzwa pamwe zvinoshamisa mutambo. In Odessa, pachiitiko kwaro kusvika vakashumira yakatarwa basa Church, panguva iyo akaporeswa mukadzi maviri namadhimoni. Next, nzira icon yaiva Rostov-on-Don, apo kwakatungamidzwawo kupupurira chokwadi yakatumirwa pasi kuburikidza nayo kutambura yenyasha dzaMwari.

Izvi chetezvo zvakaitika uye ipapo, kutanga Novocherkassk, uye ipapo muMoscow, kusvikira, pakupedzisira, mufananidzo mutsvene asina akasvika muchivanze Athos wemamongi muSt Petersburg, apo akanga akakwazisa nokuda kurira pakati mabhero panguva confluence hombe nhamba vechinamato. Mumazana nzira mumongi Joseph kunyatsoongorora jotted mukabhuku nyaya chokuporesa chinounza munyengetero icon "The kusuwa uye kurwadziwa kunyaradzwa", kwete kukanganwa kuti setifaya vakasaina dzavo zvapupu. kwavari Zvikamu dzakadaro vaipfuura makumi maviri.

Vakasvinurira kunyengetera pamberi mufananidzo

Zvikuru kukosha cheTheotokos kuvake "In kusuwa uye kurwadziwa nyaradzo" vawana panguva World War First. Pane uchapupu hwokuti Metropolitan pamusoro Petrograd Vladimir (Epiphany) muna 1915 akarayira kuita pamberi munyengetero wake takasvinura kutumira pasi mauto eRussia kukunda muvengi. Izvi zvakateverwa kuverengwa Akathist, zvikuru zvakanyorwa kuti mufananidzo uyu chishamiso, mumwe nomumwe izvo rinoguma Ikos chikumbiro kununurwa zvakaipa uye zvose kusuwa, nokuti chinangwa ichi uye akapiwa vanhu kuvake "In kusuwa uye kurwadziwa kunyaradzwa".

Akathist zvakazara anotaurawo kukosha kuti kunoshamisa mifananidzo yaiva vose vaya vakaungana kwaari rubatsiro. Yaiva mhando kubatana pakati Munyaradzi Wedenga evanhu, nokuti zvivi kuchema kwavo vakuvara uye matambudziko. Prayer isati avhura mukana zvakananga kukurukurirana Amai vaMwari, nguva dzose kunamatira isu pamberi pechigaro woMwanakomana wake.

Mapepa kunoshamisa kuvake

About kuti, apo icon yepakutanga iri parizvino usingazivi. Maererano nedzimwe mishumo, izvozvo akatora mamongi pagomo Athos wemamongi, kwavakagamuchirwa nechisimba kugarazve kubva Leningrad muna 1929 kumusha Slavyanka, asi hapana uchapupu ichi hachisi. Zvisaririra nawo vakarasika vari maelstrom zviitiko makore iwayo. Nhasi, vose vanoda kukwira minyengetero yake kuna Amai vaMwari, kuwanikwe mumachechi Orthodox chete akaita kuti mazita aya akapiwa simba zvishamiso.

Pakati pavo - kopi yakaitwa muna 1863 kubudikidza zvarayirwa akakurumbira Russian gweta uye munyori wezvakaitika KA Nevolina, kwakaitwa munyengetero pamberi mufananidzo nokuporesa zvirwere. Rakanga yakashongedzwa nguvo, zvikuru chinoitwa vanatenzi pagomo Athos, uye akaiswa chechechi Vjatskom Dzokuberekwa waKristu. Kwapera gore, apo wake nekupinda pachake muna Vyatka vane chimwe chishamiso-vachishanda kopi icon Akaitirawo St. Nicholas Cathedral.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Amai Zvinzvimbo of Chitarisiko chechechi muna 1882 iri mhiko kumupa Mhandara Yakakomborerwa Mary, yakavakwa vachikudza mufananidzo uyu mutsvene Cathedral muna Vyatka, rakanga akaramba kwenguva refu, zvikuru zvakanyorwa pamusoro pake mufananidzo "The kusuwa uye kurwadziwa kunyaradzwa". Kukosha mabasa ake vaizviita zvinopfuura chiito evasingatombonamati zvechitendero. Mugore iroro, kana nyika haisati yapera shungu kuti mhosva vakatambudzwa Kesari-somununuri Alexander II, kuita kopi rakakurumbira mifananidzo uye kuvakwa temberi yaro munzira dzakawanda vakabatsira kuunza rugare norunyararo vari veruzhinji.