Hydrocephalus: zviratidzo. Bongo hydrocephalus: zvinokonzera, kuongororwa uye kurapwa

Kumanikidzika kwekumanikidzika kunokonzerwa nevanhu vakawanda. Izvo zvakajairika. Munyaya iyi, inowanzoiswa isina nheyo, pasina kuita tsvakurudzo yakakodzera. Asi chaizvoizvo hutachiona hunobva pane zvirwere zvakakomba. Mumwe wavo i hydrocephalus. Zviratidzo zvechirwere zvinokwana zvakakwana uye zvinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa.

Zvinyorwa zvishoma

Munguva yezvinoitwa nevanhu, huropi hunogara yakashambidzwa nemvura yakachena. Anodyisa uye anomudzivirira. Iyo inonaya inopararira munzvimbo pakati pezvinyoro zvishoma uye zvevascular zve hemispheres uye cerebellum. Mumumuviri kune nzvimbo dzakakosha - matangi, umo inowedzera. Izvo zviri pajecha rehenya. Aya matangi akabatanidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe uye mutambo wepelinha. Mumusoro mutsvuku, mvura yacho inowanikwa mumakumbo mana. Ichi ndicho chimiro.

Mvura inotonhora inokonzerwa kubva muropa. Izvo zvinyorwa zvehuwandu huwandu ndeye 150 ml. Nzira yekubudisa mvura uye kunwa inowirirana. Kuvhiringidza kwechiyero ichi kune migumisiro yakakomba. Iyo mvura inotanga kuunganidzwa muuropi. Izvi zvinotungamirira kune kuderedza kudhonza, kana kuwedzera mukugadzirwa.

Kana kuputika kwemvura kunoputika, murwere anoumba hydrocephalus. Zviratidzo zvinogona kuonekwa mumavangwana nevakuru. Chinokonzera dambudziko ndechokuderedza kwechitsauko pakati pevhirikiri kana kutyora kwekunwa kwemvura nemuviri. Kuti unzwisise hutachiona, unofanira kufungisisa kuti huro hunotarisa sei (mifananidzo iri munyaya). Kazhinji chirwere chisingafadzi chinowanikwa mune zvitsva. Maererano nehuwandu, mwana wese wevana 500 anoberekerwa munyika, ane dambudziko rakanyanya kutaurwa pamusoro apa.

Dzimwe nguva chirwere hachisi chirwere chakanaka. Mishonga inoziva zviitiko apo zviratidzo zve hydrocephalus zvakawanikwa muhupenyu. Sezvo mutemo, zvikonzero zvekuitika kwazvo zviri muzvirwere zvinotapurirwa. Kazhinji ndiyo chirwere cheperebrovascular chepfungwa chinokonzera kukura kwehutachiona hunotyisa.

Mhando dzezvirwere

Hydrocephalus yakasiyana zvakasiyana mumarudzi ayo uye zvinokonzera. Kusvika iye zvino, mukurapa, pane zviverengero zvakasiyana-siyana zveurwere.

Munzvimbo yekudzivirira mvura, chirwere ichi chakakamurwa muzvipenyu zvinotevera:

1. Internal hydrocephalus. Iyo mvura (cerebrospinal fluid) inowedzera zvakanyanyisa muzvinyorwa.
2. Kunze kwe hydrocephalus yehuropi. Inonziwo kunze. Nehutano hwechirwere ichi, kuunganidzirwa kwechirebrospinal fluid kunoonekwa munzvimbo ye subarachnoid. Mune mamwe mazwi, mvura yacho inowanikwa munzvimbo iri pedyo nehenya.
3. General hydrocephalus. Nechimiro ichi, cerebrospinal fluid inochengetwa muhupi hwose. Inowanikwa zviri zviviri mumhepo yepamhepo uye munzvimbo ye subarachnoid. Iyi fomu ine rimwe zita-hydrocephalus yakavhenganiswa.

Zvinokonzera chirwere muvana

Chinhu chinonyanya kukanganisa chirwere mumana achangoberekwa basa rakaoma. Kazhinji, isu tiri kutaura nezvenguva refu yakareba yehu fetus kana kushungurudzika kwekuzvarwa kwemwana.

Dzimwe nguva pane chivako chemvura inenge ichiri muuropi yemwana achiri muchibereko. Ichi chirwere chinosanganiswa nehutachiona hwevakadzi vane pamuviri uye zvirwere zvehutachiona. Zvinonyanya kukosha ndeye herpes, toxoplasmosis, cytomegaly.

Yakawanda ndeye congenital cerebral hydrocephalus. Zviratidzo zvayo zvinotanga kuonekwa kare mumwedzi yekutanga yehupenyu hwemwana. Zvisinei, muvana vakwegura, panogona kunge kune malaise. Pane zvakawanda zvinokonzera kukanganisa chirwere chakakomba. Pakati pavo pane:

• Uturu hwebhondi (zvose mumusoro nomupfupa);
• Meningitis;
• Encephalitis;
• Zvirwere zvinotapukira (tuberculosis);
• Ubongo uye zvipembenene zvevascular;
• Hemorrhage;
• Craniocerebral trauma;
• Genetic disorders.

Dzimwe nguva chikonzero chechirwere chinotyisa hachigone kuiswa.

Zvinokonzera chirwere muvanhu vakuru

Vana havasi vana chete vane chirwere chinotyisa. Anogona kununurwa pane imwe nguva. Ikoko kune hydrocephalus, kana, sekudanwa kwavanhu, kudonha kweuropi, kuvanhu vakuru nokuda kwezvirwere:

• Cerebral hemorrhage;
• Stroke;
• Kurapa kwehupombwe;
• Meningitis;
• Zvirwere zvepfungwa zveuropi;
• Craniocerebral trauma;
• Bongo atrophy.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, chirwere cheperebrovascular cheropi (atherosclerosis, stroke, arterial hypertension) chinova chinangwa chaicho chekusimudzira dorosi.

Zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvehutano kuvana

Mvura inotonhora (cerebrospinal fluid) inoita basa rinokosha mumuviri. Inopa uropi nezvinhu zvose zvinobatsira uye inobvisa slag kubva nayo. Kubuda kwemasikati panguva yakasviba kunokonzera kushandiswa kwechimiro chechikamu chikuru. Chero kutyora kwekuregererwa kwechirebrospinal fluid yakazara nemigumisiro. Pashure pezvose, kugadzirwa kwemvura inoshanduka hakushanduki. Somugumisiro, mavhiriki anoputika. Somugumisiro, kuwedzera kwavo kunoonekwa.

Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa pakuonekwa kwe "hydrocephalus" ndezvi:

• Kuwedzera nokukurumidza mumusoro (kunowana maitiro ebhora);
• Mwana wacho akachena uye anogumbuka;
• Mwana wacho ane zvakawanda uye anogara achidzoka;
• Ipetirairi inokwira kumusoro kwechehenya, hapana kupora;
• Maziso echecheche anoendeswa pasi, chiratidzo chinowedzera, dzimwe nguva kusvibiswa kunobuda;
• Ikoko kunogona kuva nemakumbo;
• Gara mukukura kwepanyama uye kwepfungwa;
• Kuramba uchidzidzira musoro;
• Kureba kweganda;
• Kupopota kwechigunwe nemakumbo.

Muvana vakwegura, musoro hauna kuwedzera, nokuti mapfupa edehenya ave atokura pamwechete. Muchiitiko ichi, mvura yacho ichiri kuwedzera. Chiremba achaona izvi kuratidzwa apo paanofunga uropi ari pamufananidzo. Mufananidzo wacho uchava wakasiyana zvikuru nemifananidzo iyo iri kuvanhu vane utano hwakanaka. Sezvo mutemo, vana vanotambura nemusoro wakaora musoro, kurutsa, manzwiro ekufungidzira. Panogona kuva nekuderera kwekunzwa, kuona. Mwana wacho ane utera.

Symptomatic disease muvanhu vakuru

Iko kunotevera zviratidzo zve hydrocephalus:

• Kutambudzika, kurwadziwa;
• Nausea, kurutsa;
• Nziyo dziri mumusoro;
• Kushungurudzika kunokonzera;
• Kushungurudzika kwemotokari uye maitiro emagetsi;
• Kurambira mukubudirira, kubuda kwekusatenda, kuora mwoyo;
• Kuora kwemaonero.

Kukosha kwechirwere chevanhu vakwegura ndeyekuwedzera kana kusakosha kunowedzera kusagadzikana. Kusauka kuduku kubva pachimiro chinowanzoita normotensive hydrocephalus. Kushungurudza kwemukati musoro nemvura kunokonzera kuparadzwa kweuropi.

Kana kusanganiswa kushandiswa kwe-hydrocephalus kunoonekwa, kuomeswa kwemukati hakuwedzeri zvachose, sezvo kazhinji chikonzero chechirwere ichi chiri muuropi atrophy. Nokudaro, mvura yacho inongozadza nzvimbo yakasununguka. Iyi nzvimbo inomuka semugumisiro weatrophy.

Zviratidzo zvekunze kwe-hydrocephalus

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, chirwere ichi chinoratidzwa nekuunganidza kwemasvikiro pedyo nehenya. Doro rinogona kutaura zvakasununguka pakati penzvimbo dzaro. Iyi yekunze hydrocephalus yeuropi inonzi yakasununguka. Ive fomu yakavharwa inotora kupatsana kwakakwana kwezvivako zvose zvine mvura.

Zviratidzo zvikuru zvechirwere zvinowedzera kuora, kusimba, kurara. Panogona kuva nekuonekwa kaviri mumaziso, musoro. Mune zvimwe zviitiko - kushungurudza, kusuruvara. Kufambidzana nechirwere chekubatanidzwa kwekufambisa, kushanduka muga. Dzimwe nguva urinine incontinence inowedzera kune zviratidzo zvakadaro.

Kune zviitiko apo kufambiswa kwe hydrocephalus isingabvumirwi. Zviratidzo hazvisipo zvachose kwenguva yakareba. Murwere haawani kuwedzera kwezvinetso. Musoro haukwanisi kubuda.

Chimiro chinonyanyisa chinonzi chinotaridzika hydrocephalus. Inoratidzika nekusavapo kwezviratidzo kwemakore akawanda. Pane imwe nguva, chirwere chacho chinowedzera zvakanyanya. Chinokonzera dambudziko ndechokuputsa kwehuwandu hwemashoko. Sezvo mutemo, kuongororwa kwe "kuongororwa kweucherechesi ye hydrocephalus" kazhinji kacho kunongogara. Chiremba anocherechedza hutachiona panguva yekuongororwa kwe fundus.

Nuances ye mukati me hydrocephalus

Iro rudzi rwechirwere runoratidzira kuunganidzwa kwemvura mumhepo. Inonzi hydrocephalus inogona kukura semugumisiro wekusava nekunyanya kunwa kwe cerebrospinal fluid mumatumbu. Zvikonzero zvechiitiko ichi zvinogona kuva mune zvirwere zvinotapurirwa, kurohwa munzvimbo inonzi subarachnoid, kuvhara kwemitsipa ne thrombi.

Chiratidzo chinoratidzwa chechirwere ndechekurwa musoro. Inowanzobatanidza kushungurudza, kutyora kwekuona uye kugadzirisa mabasa. Zvisinei, sezvinotsanangurwa nenzira yakataurwa pamusoro apa, chirwere chinonyatsoratidza hydrocephalus hachiratidze zvachose nechiratidzo chero chipi zvacho.

Kazhinji chimiro chechirwere

Kubudirira kweyero hydrocephalus inobatanidza nekuunganidza kwemasvikiro mune zvose zviri mumhepo uye munzvimbo dziri pedo nekrikan. Zvinotendwa kuti kufambira mberi kweuropi inrophy kwakatsamwisa zvakananga hydrocephalus yakavhenganiswa. Kuwedzerwa kwezvinyorwa zvegungwa uye nzvimbo inoshandiswa pasi inotungamirira kune chirwere ichi . Zvisinei, kuwedzera kwavo kunokonzera kuderera mumakumbo europi muchiitiko cheatrophy.

Mixed substitution hydrocephalus chirwere chakakomba, umo nzvimbo yeuropi inotsiva cerebrospinal fluid. Dambudziko rehutachiwana hwechimiro chechirwere ichi chinosanganisira vanhu vakwegura, avo vanorwara vane hypertension, atherosclerosis. Dzadzai chikwata ichi chevarwere nekusava nekunyengedza kwemavheti emutsipa, avo vakatambura kugadziriswa. Vari pangozi yekuwana chirwere chinotyisa uye vanhu vanodhakwa nedoro.

Nechimiro ichi, zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvisipo zvachose. Kana kuti inogona kuratidzirwa nekugara mucheche, kubata nguva dzose, kusuruvara, kurutsa.

Kuongororwa kwechirwere

Kuongororwa kunokwanisika chete mushure mekuongororwa kwakakwana kwemurwere. Pakutanga, mari yeziso iri inonyatsodzidza. Kuwedzerazve murwere anorayirwa kuti awane zvidzidzo zvakare, zvakadai neurosonography, MRI, CT. Kufungidzira chirwere chinotyisa pane zviratidzo zvechimiro uye kuisa chinonyanya kuongororwa chinogona kurapa (chiremba wevana), neonatologist, neurosurgeon kana neurologist.

Kune vana pasi pemakore maviri, nzira inobatsira inowanzoshandiswa - neurosonography. Iyi nzira inogoneka kusvikira musana wepepanamusi wechecheche asati avharwa. Mucheche, pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzehenya, dzinoratidzwa nefupa rakaonda kwazvo. Nzvimbo idzi dzakakoshawo "mawindo e ultrasonic". Semuenzaniso, pfupa remakore rakakodzerwa nekudzidza uku. Iyi nzira inobvumira kutsanangurira kuwedzera kwezvinyorwa, kuti aratidze kuvapo kwezvinhu zvakasimba (cysts, hematomas, tumor), kuti uongorore humwe urema hwehupi. Zvisinei, nzira iri pamusoro apa haisi yakakwana. Saka, vana vanofanira kuita MRI.

Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana chekuongorora vanhu vakuru ndiyo mukana wekunzwa kumhan'ara kwevarwere. Ndiyo kuchenjerera kwekuunganidza data uye kuongorora kwepfungwa kunoratidza kukura kwehutano huno. Zvisinei, kuongorora kwakadaro hakuna kukwana pakupedzisira kugona kuongororwa. Nokudaro, chiremba mukuru anokurudzira chiremba kuti aite MRI. Ndicho chidzidzo chinotibvumira kuziva chero hutano hwehuropi.

Kune vanhu vakuru, angiography, radiography yedhehenya rinogona kushandiswa panzvimbo pekuongorora nyaya. Kana kuitika kwechirwere kunobatanidzwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona, kuongorora kwema laboratori yeDNA kana antibodies yezvirwere zvinorwara zvinorayirwa. Muvanhu vakuru, hydrocephalus yakasiyana kubva mumakumbo ekuropi. Muvana - vane zvinetso zve rickets.

Mishonga

Nekuwedzera kwechirwere chechirwere ichi, chirwere chekuchengetedza chinogona kusarudzwa. Muvanhu vakuru, iyi nzira yekurapa inotanga kufanirwa kwechirwere chacho. Inofanira kunzwisiswa kuti kusarudzwa kwenzira yekurwisa chirwere chacho inosarudzwa chete nachiremba.

Sezvo mutemo, uropi hydrocephalus inoda kurapa kunotevera:

1. Kuderedza kwepamusoro yehuwandu hwekumanikidzika. Nechinangwa chakadai, chiremba anogadza mari Diacarb, Furosemide. Iyi mishonga inotorwa kwenguva refu. Kazhinji inenge mwedzi yakawanda.
2. Kuderedza kuwanda kwemvura. Mishonga yakanakisisa ndeye "Glycerin", "Mannitol".
3. Kusimbisa midziyo ine kuchengetedzwa kwakakwana kwe electrolyte balance. Kuti uite izvi, potassium mazano anoshandiswa.
4. Kupera kwekugadzirwa kwemishonga inonzi cerebrospinal fluid. Chigadzirwa chakanakisisa "Acetazolamide."
5. Kurapa nguva. Iyi nzira yakakodzera chete kune vacheche. Iyi ndiyo nzira yekubvisa kuwedzera kwechirwere kubva muuropi kuburikidza nepepananel yakafuridzirwa.
6. Jenhesi kusimbisa chirwere. Varwere, sekutonga, vanogoverwa coniferous, mabhati emunyu. Inzira chaiyo yevhithamini inosarudzwa. Anowedzera ichi chirwere chekushandisa zvinodhaka zvinodhaka.
7. Kurapa kwezvirwere zvakakonzera kukura kwe hydrocephalus. Kukurumidza kwekurapa uku kunokonzerwa nehuwandu hwechirwere ichi.

Mukana wekusakosha kwehutano hunorondedzerwa pamusoro apa, vanachiremba vanokurudzira kupindira kunopinda. Iyi nzira inobvumira varwere kuti vabudirire, mune zvimwe zviitiko - kunyange kupodza kwakakwana. Uye dzimwe nguva kushanda kunangwa kuponesa hupenyu hwomurwere.

Mushonga wokuvhiya. Contraindications

Zvinosuruvarisa, nzira dzekurapa dzinobudirira dzokurwisana nechirwere chero ipi zvayo dzisati dzagadzirwa. Mushonga uyu uri pamusoro apa unoshandiswa kuti unyatsonaka. Semitemo, nzira dzakadaro dzinodzora zvakakwana kusagadzikana kwemaitiro uye kudzivirira murwere kubva pakuitika kwezvinetso. Vanachiremba vanonyatsodzora nzira ye hydrocephalus.

Kana pane zvidikanwi zvekugadzirira kupindira, zvimwe zvinopesana zvinofanira kuonekwa. Hapana chimwe chezviitiko zvinotevera zvinogona kuitwa kana murwere achicherechedza:

• Kuramba kuri kuputika muhomwe yeuropi;
• Nzira dzisingabvumiri (upofu, matsi, chifukidzo, kusagadzikana kwepfungwa).

Shunting

Kana chiitiko icho uropi husingadzokeri mamiriro ekugadzirisa kushanduka kwemvura, chiremba anorayira kupindira kwokuvhiya. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chirwere chete chinogona kubatsira. Hydrocephalus munguva yapfuura yapfuura yakagadziriswa nenzira imwe chete nenzira imwechete - kushandura.

Chinangwa chekupindira uku ndechekudzorera kubviswa kweperebrospinal fluid kubva muuropi. Nechinangwa ichi, shunt yakaiswa. Iyo catheter yemhepo inowanikwa mune ye lateral ventricles. Ivhavha inokosha inodzora kubuda kwemvura. Peripheral catheter inowanikwa munharaunda yeAria kana kupinda mumimba. Izvi zvinobatsira kuwedzera kushandiswa kwechirebrospinal fluid. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mushure mekunyadziswa kweimwe tsvo, iyo inotonhorera inobviswa kune ureter.

Kuvhiya uku kwakawanda kwezvinetso zvinogona kuitika uye kukanganisa. Pakati pavo pane zvinotevera:

• Kuvhara kwe shunt;
• Kuparara kweMechanical kune yakagadziriswa nzira;
• Kuora mwoyo shunt kushanda;
• Dzeyed outflow ye doro.

Mune mamiriro ezvinhu aya, pane chido chekupindira kwakapetwa kakawanda.

Endoscopic chirurgic

Iyi ndiyo nzira yakawanda nhasi. Endoscopy inosanganisira zviduku zvishoma. Izvi zvinonyanya kuderedza dambudziko rechinetso chero chipi zvacho. Kune murwere, nguva yekudzorera inoderedzwa. Munguva yekushanda, chiremba anovhiya anotungamirira kubuda kwemvura kunzvimbo dzeruzivo, izvo zvinokwanisa kunwisa doro kazhinji. Saka, kushandiswa kwemazuva ose kwakasunungurwa. Basa rakabudirira rinopedza zvachose chido chekuisa shunt. Murwere anodzokera kuhupenyu hwehupenyu.

Trepanation yedehenya

Uku kupindira kunoda hydrocephalus yeuropi, iyo iyo inokonzera iri mumigodhi yakasiyana-siyana kusvika pakubuda kwemvura. Sezvo mutemo, tiri kutaura pamusoro peanerysms, tumors. Zvichienderana nekunzvimbo, vanogona kudzivisa doro-kutungamirira nzira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kuputika kweganga kunoshandiswa. Sezvo mutemo, panguva yekupindira kwekuvhiya, nzira itsva dzekubuda kwemvura zvinogadzirwa.

Migumisiro yehutano

Ichi chirwere chinogona kutungamirira ku encephalomalacia - tissue necrosis. Somugumisiro wekuputsa ropa kunowanikwa munzvimbo dzeuropi, inrophy inowanikwa. Aya maitiro haasvikiki. Kazhinji, hydrocephalus inogona kutungamirira kukuremara. Zviratidzo zvinokanganisa muviri. Murwere anogona kukanganisa pfungwa uye motokari.

Chimwe chinetso chakafanana chechirwere ndechokuti dislocation syndrome. Inoratidzirwa nekudzvinyirira uropi uye kubuda kwekuora mwoyo, uye kazhinji coma.

Chirwere chisingaperi chinogona kumira kuburitswa kwacho pane imwe nguva. Pamagumisiro akafanana, murwere wacho anenge aporesa zvachose. Mumamiriro ekufambira mberi nokukurumidza, vacheche kazhinji havararami nezera remakore 5-6.

Matanho ekudzivirira

Mutemo unonyanya kukosha unoteerera zvizere nezvose zvinoratidzwa nachiremba panguva yekuzvitakura pakutora mishonga. Panguva ino, unofanirwa kudzivisa chero zvirwere, kunyanya zvirwere zvehutachiwana. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vachengetwe vasati vaita pamuviri kubva kune zvirwere izvo amai vanguva refu havana kurwara zvisati zvaitika. Inofanira kubviswa zvachose kubva kunwa doro uye fodya.

Vanhu vakuru vanofanira kuchenjerera nezvehutano hwavo. Penguva yekuongorora zvirwere, vabata zvakanaka. Kunyanya kunotarisa zvirwere zvepakati yenheyo system, midzi yeropa, mwoyo, musana. Zvakakosha kudzivirira kukuvara kumusoro. Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivisa zvirwere zvakawanda ndeyekushanda, hupenyu hutano hwakanaka. Edza kusimudzira chitunha chako. Teerera kutarisa kwekurema. Uye hakuna zvirwere hazvizove zvinotyisa kwauri!