Holy Dormition wemamonk pamusoro Sviyazhsk

In pakati pezana XVI remakore, Kunyanya acuteness Russia dzakarwiwa hondo nowokwake hasha - the Kazan Khanate. Hondo waida yakavimbika rutsigiro chawo, uye izvi pakupedzisira muna 1551, nguva pfupi asati kubatwa pamusoro Kazan Ivanom Groznym, yakavambwa nhare guta Sviyazhsk. Location asarudzirwa muromo Sviyagi. Nokukurumidza, guta rakakura uye akava dunhu muzinda, uye muna 1555 nayo pave yemamongi cloister, izvo akazozivikanwa sezvo nokufungidzira Sviazhsky wemamonk.

Mujinga Kazan diocese uye yemamongi

Gore nheyo wemamongi kwakaratidza chimwe chiitiko chinokosha muupenyu munzvimbo - pokugadzwa Kazan diocese. Izvi zvakaitwa zvibvire Vongai mbiri kukunda maoko Russian, hwogumisa pokutonga wechiTatar khans pamahombekombe ari Volga. Panyaya iyi, wemamongi yakatangwa pano inofanira kuva nzvimbo yomudzimu, dzidzo uye oumishinari. nhume dzake mumakore maviri emakore, akatakura chiedza Orthodoxy yose Middle Volga nharaunda.

Muvambi wemamongi dzayo wokutanga Rector raiva Archimandrite Herman (Sadyrov Field). Mukutonga kwake wemamongi akakura uye akawana simba. Times yainetsa chaizvo. Kuputswa pedyo Kazan Tatars vakapararira kumativi uye ikashandiswa kuva muchikwata akapinda mumisha yakapoteredza. Kwete kamwe anazvo uye navatorwa vari cloister, dzaikanganisa munamato, kutora zvombo.

The anozviramba huru, Archimandrite Herman

nzira Very kunoshamisa ushumiri yomufundisi, vakapfuura Archimandrite Herman. Achivasiya vane nguva nemabhuku Sviazhsky wemamongi, akatungamirira vose Kazan diocese, achiva achibhishopi yaro yechipiri. Muna 1566, panguva behest pamusoro Ivana Groznogo, akasvika muMoscow, apo akakumbirwa kuenda kuMoscow yemo dhipatimendi pachinzvimbo kuwira haafarirwi dzoumambo Metropolitan Philip.

Zvisinei, kubva kumusoro rukudzo rwakadaro, uye iye akaramba, kutsigira yanyadziswa bhishopu akatanga kutsiura zvakaipa kwamaitira nokuda tsarist evatsigiri. Kure kubva kumuzinda nokukurumidza, Archimandrite akapedza upenyu hwake hwepasi pano muna 1567. Ezvinhu rufu rwake dzasara kujeka. Maererano neimwe shanduro Akaurayiwa, uye pane dzimwe - afa panguva denda chekorera.

Pashure porufu rwake, kuti abbot pakati wemamongi wokutanga wakudzwa pamberi yavatsvene, uye muna 1592 zvinoera ake akanga chikuru neKijuni wemamongi. Mumabhuku nokufungidzira Cathedral, kwavakagamuchirwa vakavigwa, zvaibvira kuverenga zvakawanda marekodzi, kupupurira zvishamiso wakazvizarurira kuburikidza neminyengetero vomuchechi uye mamongi pachavo.

Makore kubudirira wemamongi

Ichatonga zvine mbiri wemamongi zvinofanira kufungwa XVI-XVIII emakore. Mumakore aya maviri emakore Sviyazhsk Monastery ndiye vakapfuma kuMiddle rose Volga uye akanga kunyange pakati maviri nokubudirira zvikuru Russia. Ndosaka anonzi Archimandrite kukosha wechinomwe hurumende. On pasitendi wemamongi pakati XVIII remakore, vakararama uye vaishanda 7.200 varimi makono. Zvakaenzana vavo vaiva vamwe yemamongi ari Kazan diocese pamwechete.

Kuziva, uye zvakadzama kudaro: Sviazhsky wemamongi vanayo wokudhinda, izvo akatanga kubudisa mabhuku minamato vasati vatanga kuita mapiyona Moscow Ivan Fyodorov. zvigadzirwa zvavo zvakasiyana-siyana mari nokuda nyika. Kana muna 1764 muna Russian Empire yakaitwa yemamongi kuchinja, asi Sviazhsky Holy Dormition Monastery wakaradzikwa kirasi yokutanga, iyo vaiona chikuru. kukudzwa kwakadaro paakavapa chete iye oga vose dzemamongi ose Kazan diocese. Chete pashure mana namaviri yakafanana musiyano zvaikodzera Virgin wemamonk muna Kazan.

Nguva zvenyika kunyika chechi

With pamusoro kuchinja chinozoiswa Catherine II, kuderera asati atanga akapfuma uye vachiita ndokugarapo. Zvikuru vairidza basa uye akacherechedza iyi, upfumi paanochinja paguta Sviyazhsk, uye matambudziko impoverishment vemo. Zvisinei, chikonzero chikuru akanga kuitwa nehurumende zvenyika yose yemamongi nyika.

Munguva yake rokutonga Catherine II vakatevera mutemo zvainanga nokunyima mukana chechi simba pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu. Imwe nzira yekuwana chinangwa ichi chaiva kuderedza upfumi mararamire temberi dzemamongi. Kuti izvi zviitike, Manifesto rakabudiswa February 24, 1764 maererano vose kereke munyika wakapfuurira mamiriro uridzi.

Makore kwokuderera wemamongi uye pakutanga chimurenga

Kunyimwa saka huru zvinhu mari, Sviazhsky kubvuma Monastery zvishoma nezvishoma vakatanga kutora nzvimbo yavo. Zvakakwana kutaura kuti uwandu mairi, kamwe pamusoro mamongi uye novices ane zana, kusvikira pakutanga XX remakore yakanga yava kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu, uye pamwero mari yakanga akaderera pane mamwe yemamongi ari Kazan diocese.

Makore akatevera chimurenga, vakauya navo dambudziko rose yeOrthodox yeRussia Church. Ndaiva asingasiyi uye Sviyazhsk wemamonk. Rector ake okupedzisira, Bishop Ambrose (beeps) kubatwa akawira kuti iboka rakarongeka varwi. Pashure pemakore akawanda, apo nyika pakupedzisira akasvika kwaari pfungwa ne Musiki noupengo, iye somusande, uye nyika haina kumuziva somunhu zvaanotenda idzva Ambrose.

Period Musiki orgy

Mumakore ari kuna Mwari hurumende guta Sviyazhsk akava hwakasimba musasa nzvimbo. Yemamongi muviri uye yakabatana kwavari netemberi vakanga dzichapambwa uye kenza nekusingaperi zvisaririra St. Herman akazarura uye desecrated. In wemamongi kwemakore akawanda akaisa nyuchi kuti yokupara mutemo, kuti anopenga hupoteri. Pamusoro pamatambudziko, hombe nzvimbo yakabatana guta pashure pakuvaka Kuibyshev Dam rwakanga ruzere uye Sviyazhsk akava chitsuwa.

The kumutsidzirwa wemamongi

Chete veMubatanidzwa ano, apo chechi akatanga kudzokera zvisiri pamutemo kubviswa zvake, zvose zvivako, yaisanganisira Sviazhsky wemamongi adzoka vatendi. The chete Kunze aiva mugove duku, rwakazokura chikamu miziyamu-chengetedza. Zvakaita ave yakaorera pasi nokuda kumutsidzirwa muguta. The vakadzorerwa temberi zve kamwe kuvhiringidzwa yechechi uye akananga pamusoro rwizi Sviyaga kurira pakati wemamongi mabhero.

yemamongi zvinokwezva

Holy kubvuma Monastery Sviazhsky inozivikanwa kwayo chikuru kukwezvana - old St. Nicholas Church. Iye ndiro zera sezvo vakawanda wemamongi uye kuvakwa kwayo yakatanga kusvika 1756 gore. Mira nayo akavezwa reraimu chikwata muPskov vatenzi inotungamirwa Ivan Shiryaev. Kwapera gore, wake shongwe bhero chakawedzerwa muna 43-mita kukwirira. Chivako chechi iri kamuri umo kamwe akararama wokutanga abbot pakati wemamongi - St. Herman. Kubva netsamba aimbova vagere wemamongi zvinozivikanwa kuti kunyange pamberi Revolution, Yakachengeta zvinhu zvake.

The Cathedral pedyo nokufungidzira rakavakwa makore mashanu chete gare gare, St. Nicholas Church. Above kwakashanda chete vanatenzi ose muPskov. Vamwe shanduko akanga aita pakati inotevera remakore. To ichi chakawedzerwa refectory mugove uye Drum humburumbira octagonal muchinjikwa chikamu. Zvaimbonzi Ngowani serin'i rising chikatsiviwa zvakawanda kwezvokufuka, sezvinoita Ukrainian Baroque. Kunyange makore zana pashure okumusoro akanga dzakabatanidzwa pavharanda.

Zvisinei, chikuru chepfungwa chechi rachengetedzwa mairi Pamifananidzo yaitonga Ivana Groznogo. kuziva kwakadaro ane achiri chete panzvimbo imwe - ari Cathedral iri munharaunda Mutsvene Kuchinja wemamonk muna Yaroslavl. Vatsoropodzi vanoti parusvingo mifananidzo iri nguva hadziwanzowaniki chaizvo.

Pane mimwe vamba zvakanyorwa akazotevera remakore, asi XVI remakore vatisiya panyaya iyi ndiyo shoma chaizvo nhaka. Mukuwedzera ayo nhoroondo uye unyanzvi kukosha Cathedral Pamifananidzo vanewo maitiro yokusafa chete kwavari peculiarity: kumavirazuva porusvingo, apo akatorwa kumiririra gehena nenhumbi dzayo unhu, ari Cathedral iri kubvuma kupendwa paradhiso, izvo pachazvo anosika munhu akanaka mwoyo iri Fafitera.

Vakadzi remubatanidzwa Sviyazhsk wemamonk

Muguta, kunze yemamongi, yakanga ichikurukurwa, yaiva imwe zvakawanda - hadzi Sviazhsky Ivanovsky chechechi. Akazvisimbisawo dzatangwa pakupera yacho XVI remakore. It riri mumoyo Sviyazhsk muna Cathedral Square. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza, aifanira kutsungirira dzinotevedzana moto simba, uye nemasisita vakatamira kune imwe nzvimbo, nokuvapa mukana zvaiva wabviswa pamberi Utatu-rwacho Segiyo wemamonk.

Nhasi chechechi haana azopora mu aripo chimiro, uye ndiye chete mukadzi St. John Mubhabhatidzi mukomboni Sviyazhsky makono yemamongi. Zvisinei, rubatsiro zvose kereke zvinoitiswa mairi kusvika chairayirwa weChechi bumbiro. Kunze kwezvo, haagumiri kudzorerwa zvivako dzinogarwa uye temberi. Life akadzokera yekare yemamongi, uye masvingo aro nomutsa vari kumirira vose vanoda kuuya uye kunyudza pachako munyika inonakidza munyika Antiquities Orthodox.