Gungwa Okhotsk: pfuma, description, nzvimbo

Gungwa Okhotsk, zvinhu izvo zvinokosha nokuti mamiriro - mumwe makungwa kupfuura kuva Pacific. Zvayaiva panguva eAsia. It anosiiwa munyanza ari kubva Kamchatka Peninsula uye muzvitsuwa - Hokkaido, kumabvazuva pamhenderekedzo Sakhalin uye Kuril cheni dzacho.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti gungwa riri kuonekwa coldest vose riri kuFar East. Kunyange muzhizha tembiricha iri hazvina pfuura 18 madhigirii kurutivi rwezasi uye kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva lämpömittari rinoratidza 10 madhigirii - kufadza uwandu.

tsanangudzo pfupi eGungwa Okhotsk

It akadzikama uye simba. Sea Okhotsk anogeza nemahombekombe Japan uye Russia. Maererano chimiro chayo fananei zvatinosiita trapezoid muviri mvura. Sea Anotambanudza kubva kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Kureba kufadza pakati 2.463? Km uye vaifanira upamhi - 1,500? Km. Nemhenderekedzo kureba kupfuura 10 000? Km. Sea Okhotsk udzamu (kunonyanyisa chokukomborerwa mwoyo) kusvika 4000? Km. Dam mhando, yakabatana kumucheto kondinendi, - yakavhenganiswa.

Volcanic basa kunosvika kuna vose pemvura uye pasi pegungwa. Kana mvura yauya zvizivikanwe nemichina kufamba kana kuwedzera imwe pemvura rinoputika, zvinogona kukonzera masaisai makuru, tsunami.

hydronym

Zita kweGungwa Okhotsk, zviwanikwa zviri anoshandiswa zvoupfumi sectors kunyika mbiri (Russia uye Japan), akagamuchira kubva zita Hunt River. Maererano pamutemo mabhuku kusati chiremera Lamsky uye Kamchatka. MuJapan, kwenguva refu nguva gungwa rakanzi "North". Asi nokuda kuvhiringidzika nemumwe zvakafanana zita dziva, hydronym akaderedzwa uye yava kunzi Gungwa Okhotsk.

Kukosha kweGungwa Okhotsk mu Russia

Hazvigoni hunokosha. Sezvo 2014 Gungwa Okhotsk rinoreva kure negungwa mvura Russian Federation. Hurumende anotora zvizere nezviwanikwa zvayo. Chokutanga, ndicho chikuru nokutengesa Sarimoni marudzi. It Chum, sockeye, Chinook uye dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri. Pano caviar kugadzirwa rakarongwa, iyo aikoshesa zvikuru zvakakwana. Ndosaka Russia ndiyo imwe huru-pamwero bhizimisi pamusoro chigadzirwa ichi.

Matambudziko kweGungwa Okhotsk Zvisinei, sezvo dzimwe mitumbi mvura, zvakakonzera chinokosha zvinoderedza vanhu. Ndokusaka hurumende aifanira tikadzivisa hove. Uye hazvisi chete mhuri Sarimoni, asiwo vamwe mhando dzakadai herring, seflounder, cod.

indasitiri

Russia yabudirira nemigumisiro zvikuru kukura indasitiri pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Okhotsk. Chokutanga, zviri shipyards uye Chokwadi, hove kugadzira mafekitari. Izvi zviviri dzave upgraded nemakore 90 uye ari iye zvino zvikuru nokuda zvoupfumi kukura ehurumende. Nhasi pano kune zvokutengeserana mabhizimisi.

Industry uyewo pamusoro dzakabudirira zvakaenzana zvakanaka. Sakhalin. Pakuvamba, munguva Imperial nguva, anonzwisiswa isakarurama, sezvo aiva nzvimbo Links kunaka utongi vanhu. Zvino zvinhu zvachinja zvikuru. Indasitiri ari kubudirira, vanhu vanofanira kuuya pano, mari guru.

Kamchatka emakambani processing zvomugungwa kumusika nyika. zvigadzirwa zvavo zvikuru aikoshesa kwose. It asangana mitemo uye kwakakurumbira chaizvo munyika dzakawanda.

Nokuda minda mafuta uye gasi, Russia ine munzvimbo iyi. Hapana hurumende kuti aigona kushandiswa kuwanisa Mavhoriyamu iwawo Europe nemafuta uye gasi. Ndokusaka mabhizimisi paakapiwa mari yakawanda kubva dzinozvitonga muchivigiro.

zvitsuwa

In Gungwa Okhotsk vaduku zvitsuwa, remasangano pavo - Sakhalin. mhenderekedzo yegungwa yayo isiri yunifomu: kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva pane neyamapani, south-kumabvazuva zvishoma rakakwirira pamusoro pegungwa, riri kumadokero kubhengi.

Special mubereko kuti Kuril Islands. Kukura vane diki, hombe, pane anenge 30, asi pane duku. Pamwe chete zvinoumba zvizivikanwe nemichina mapazi - guru panyika. On Kuriles yaiva anenge 100 anoputika. Uyezve, 30 vavo ndivo vanoshingaira: vanongogara "fadza" Gungwa Okhotsk.

Resources Shantar Islands - Navy zvisimbiso. Pano pane mukuru wevasungwa uyu mhuka. Munguva ichangopfuura, zvisinei, chengetedza kugadzirwa yavo, kuitira kudzivisa zvachose zvachose.

bays

Nemhenderekedzo iri mukati pamwe shoma dziva, kunyange ine mukuru kureba. Bays uye coves munharaunda rakapotsa hapana. Pool Sea Okhotsk rakakamurwa nembiya zvitatu: Kuril, TINRO Deriugina uye kuora mwoyo.

. The gulfs pakukura: Sakhalin, Tugursky, Shelikhov, etc. Uyewo, pane zvimwe muromo - cheka zvikuru munyika bays kuti zvinoumba bheseni nzizi huru. Pakati pavo vane Penzhinskaya, Gizhiginskaya, uda, Tauisk. Nokuda bays uye mvura mukutsinhana rinowanikwa mumakungwa. Uye panguva iyoyo, masayendisiti anoreva mubvunzo uyu zvikuru matambudziko.

dzamushore

Ndivo chikamu Okhotsk bheseni. Ndicho chinokosha, iro rinobatanidza dura pamwe neGungwa Japan, uye Pacific Ocean. Uyezve, pane yakaderera uye kudzika dzamushore: La Perouse uye Nevelsk. Havazivi vane basa rinokosha, sezvo diki zvakakwana. Asi Krusenstern Strait uye Bussol dzinoratidzwa nzvimbo yakakura, iine kunonyanyisa udzamu rinosvika 500 metres. Munzira dzakawanda ivo waidzora salinity yeGungwa Okhotsk.

Bottom uye yegungwa

Pakadzika kweGungwa Okhotsk neodnoobrazny. On chikamu Sakhalin uye yakaoma vachimiririra pasi shallows - zvakawedzerwa Asian chikamu kondinendi. Yakafara anenge 100 km. Vamwe pasi (anenge 70%) anomiririrwa Continental pamateru. Pedyo Kuril Islands, pedo pamusoro. Iturup ndiye mwoyo achirwara. Panguva iyi, Gungwa Okhotsk inosvika kudzika 2500 mamita. Panguva pasi dziva vari vaviri guru chirefu rokuyamura rine mazita panzvimbo yepakutanga: Rise of Oceanology Institute uye Academy of Sciences of USSR.

Nemhenderekedzo kweGungwa Okhotsk rinoreva zvakasiyana geomorphological siyana. Vazhinji vavo - yakakwirira uye kumawere. Chete kumadokero kunharaunda Kamchatka uye kumabvazuva. Sakhalin nhema pamapani. Asi kuchamhembe kwemhenderekedzo riri mukati zvikuru.

mvura Exchange

Mainland eko duku. Izvi zvinoitika nokuti zvose nzizi kuyerera muGungwa Okhotsk, regai kusiyana vakapfuma uye rinokosha kuridza asingagoni. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti rwizi. Cupid, izvozvo zvinokuhwandira ake kupfuura hafu yose tsvina chinoratidza. Pane dzimwe nzizi nekaupenyu guru. It kuvhima, uda, Large, Penzhina.

Hydrology

Mvura haina chando chose, sezvo salinity yeGungwa Okhotsk zvakakwirira zvakakwana. Is 32-34 ppm. It zvinoderedza pedyo pamhenderekedzo, kusvika pamwero 30 ‰, uye zvenguva rukoko - 34 ‰.

Vazhinji nharaunda akafuka zvinoyangarara chando chando. Kufadza pasi tembiricha mvura inotonhora mwaka, anoda kubatsira kubva 1 2 inegumi. Summer gungwa dzakadzika kudziyirwa kuna 10-18ºC.

An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti panguva kudzika 100 metres ndiyo zvenguva paiva nemvura, ane tembiricha haachinji rose gore uye 1,7 ° C pazasi razero.

Climate Features

Gungwa Okhotsk iri munzvimbo dzinodziya latitudes. Izvi zvine simba guru pamusoro yakaoma kungotaurwa monsoon ekunze. In chando chikamu gore munharaunda mvura chitonge Aleutian Low. It zvikuru inokanganisa mhepo kuchamhembe, ichikonzera dutu madutu kuti akaramba rose chando.

Panguva anodziya mwedzi, kubva yakaoma kuuya simba southeasterly mhepo. Nemhaka kwavari kunowedzerwa zvikuru tembiricha. Asi navo vauye uye madutu, izvo zvinogona zvino zvinoumba madutu. Ya dutu kwakadaro kunogona kuva pakati 5 kusvika 8 mazuva.

Gungwa Okhotsk: Resources

Pavari huchakurukurwa. Zvinozivikanwa kuti zviwanikwa yeGungwa Okhotsk achiri havaratidzi Akaongorora. The chinokosha ndiko gungwa raro pasherufu yeHydrocarbon reserves. rakavhurika nhasi 7 minda mafuta muna Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Magadan uye Khabarovsk Krai muzinda. Kutanga deposits izvi vakatanga vari 70s. Zvisinei, kuwedzera mafuta, chikuru upfumi yeGungwa Okhotsk - kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Vari kuzivikanwa siyana. Nekuti pane kunokudziridzwa hove zvikuru. In muGungwa Okhotsk anowanikwa chinokosha mhando Sarimoni. Makadzika Squid mushoma, uye kubata kwakaita gakanje dziva riri munzvimbo yokutanga munyika. Munguva ichangopfuura, kugadzirwa mamiriro anyanya kunyatsoteerera uye kwazvo. Uye vakaisa rairambidzwa hove vamwe hove.

In hwokumusoro mvura yegungwa inogarwa fur seal, hove huru, nemicherechedzo. Ndibate Vamiririri ava mhuka nyika iri zvachose wairambidza. Nokufamba kwenguva achangopfuura, zviri kuwedzera kukurumbira hove - uchibata gungwa urchins uye molluscs. Of kasvisto zvinokosha marudzi akasiyana algae. Kutaura nokushandiswa pagungwa, zvinokosha kuziva kukosha yaro senga zvekutepfenyura. Chinhu chokutanga. Pano vari vakaisa kukosha gungwa dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana kuti batanidza maguta makuru Korsakov (Sakhalin), Magadan, Okhotsk nevamwe.

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo

Gungwa Okhotsk, uyewo dzimwe mvura munyanza, iri kutambura nebasa kwevanhu. Pano wakaiswa zvinetso zvemhoteredzo muchimiro nokuyerera peturu zvinhu uye residual gasi kubatana. Uyewo zvikuru matambudziko tsvina maindasitiri matunhu neminisiparati mabhizimisi.

Svibisa romumhenderekedzo yegungwa mapazi kubva pakutanga kukura wokutanga minda pemvura, asi kuguma 80s asati haana hukuru guru kudaro. Zvino anthropogenic basa evanhu kwasvika yakaoma iyi uye kunoda pakarepo resolution. The soro wevasungwa tsvina uye kusvibiswa nekutsvaga kure Sakhalin. Izvi kunyanya kukonzerwa vapfumi deposits mafuta.