GPK: utongi. Mitemo utongi (Code of Civil Procedure of Russian Federation)

Munyika yanhasi, kodzero Nde regulator dzokusimukira ukama. Nemamwe mashoko, navadzidzisi chinoumba aripo mune zvinenge zvose zvoupenyu hwavo hwevanhu. Mienzaniso iyi inogona kuwanikwa vakawanda. Zvisinei, izvozvo hazvina nguva dzose aiva nekodzero ano Kutarira. Pakutanga, hapana mutemo pamusoro mapeji mitemo uye yainetsa Codes, uye vanhu vake pfungwa. Kutaura zvazviri, kodzero yekare - ndiko kuva neezvitendero mitemo, izvo zvaidiwa kuti kupiwa munharaunda. Chokwadi, pane zvakawanda zvakakomba siyana okuti muchikwata. Muenzaniso romutemo XII matafura kana mitemo Hammurabi Roman.

Kurudyi vari kuwedzera rakavapo pamusoro nguva. Pari, muchikwata rakakamurwa mhuri uye pamutemo yose maindasitiri, imwe neimwe ine yayo dzose. Zvikuru ndiyo kodzero Maitiro mabasa matare. Pakutanga, zviri idzi akaberekwa jurisprudence, kana isu kufungawo vakawandisa zvakasiyana Maitiro siyana ari Roman mutemo private.

Rokutonga basa iri ano Russian Federation anonziwo rakakamurwa marudzi akawanda, mumwe riri wehurumende muitiro. Munzvimbo iyi pane zvakawanda zvinonakidza izvi nyaya dziri kwose kukanganiswa nenyanzvi. Nokuti mumwe wavo aigona kuva mubvunzo, sezvo chepasi kwoutsinye kacho. GIC zvikuru anotsanangura chaiyo kupfungwa, asi ine yayo chaizvo features, sezvo ichakurukurwa gare gare munyaya.

Chii chinonzi wehurumende chiito?

Tisati takurukura wenharaunda yaitongwa ari CPC, zvinokosha kuongorora kukura kuti matambudziko aya zviripo. Saka, vehurumende muitiro - chiitwa roruvanze uye nevamwe vanhu havagovani zvekufamba, nokudzorwa mutemo ano. Nemamwe mashoko, SE ndiyo mitemo kuti dzinotarisira ukama pakati mapato nenharo. Civil kwacho chinozoiswa mumatare.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti masayendisiti akawanda nhasi kuisa mberi siyana dzidziso nezvekwakabva akapa pamutemo indasitiri iyi mhando. Maererano mukuru dzidziso yevagari muitiro chiri tingasarudza che mutemo wehurumende. maonero ichi ane mugove uchapupu hwokutsigira. Somuenzaniso, misimboti mutemo vehurumende vakawanda anoshanda kune Maitiro indasitiri.

Zvekungofungira tsivilisticheskoy zvekufamba

Principles yevagari nzira - ndiyo nguva inokosha yose indasitiri, pahwaro azovaka chikuru masangano ayo, uyewo mashandiro pamusoro pokushandisa mitemo. Saka, funga kudiwa, sezvo ivo kunzwisisa zvakadzama zvinhu enyaya yacho chambotaurwa nezvacho mhando. To musi, pane zvinotevera nheyo yevagari nzira:

• rusununguko dzeutongi;
• kwemitemo uye kwemitemo;
• optionality uye makwikwi vemapato;
• kudiwa ive nomumukanwa kunzwa;
• mukana nokushandisa ringanidzo mutemo kana murairo, etc.

Submitted mazita nhungamiro haisi dzoga. Masayendisiti neapo zvinoratidza mitemo itsva unobvumira iwe kuwedzera kunzwisisa yevagari Maitiro indasitiri. Zvisinei, munyaya ino tichakurukura kwete yose vehurumende nzira yayo huru, asi chete chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha masangano, unonzi utongi. Ane kukosha kwete chete nokuda indasitiri asiwo tsika roruvanze uye mapato chaidzo zvekufamba.

CPC Art. "Nharaunda Yaitongwa" - pfungwa of Institute

Pane maonero akawanda nesayenzi pane chii chinoumba utongi. GIC RF ndiko kwainyanya, izvo zvinobatsira kusiyanisa dzekare pfungwa uye zvinhu muchikwata. Naizvozvo, kana kufunga chepasi zvakakodzera kuvaka pamusoro zvokudya ino chaiyo murau.

Maererano Code of Civil Procedure, utongi - ichokwadi kuti kuparadzirwa nyaya pakati siyana muvanze wokutanga Somuenzaniso. Zviri nyore, muchikwata inosarudza izvo chaizvo dare chinofanira kufungwa imwe nyaya. Legal utongi omei chakajairika kunosanganisira wandei interconnected okunze.

zvinoumba chikamu

zvakawanda chaizvo zvinhu zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo patinenge tichifunga shoko rokuti "utongi". GIC RF, zvikuru zvakananga, mugadziriro mutemo uyu, kuti tikwanise kusiyanisa huru mbiri zvinoriumba inopiwa munyaya muboka. Utongi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:

• kugona, ndiko kuti, simba imwe dzoruvazhe kusarudza pamusoro kufunga imwe nyaya;
• vaitire chaizvo vanhu, mapato nyaya, kwete kupindira kuurayiwa zvisarudzo uye timuteerere nomwoyo wose.

Kuti inorondedzerwa Code of Civil Procedure Nharaunda Yaitongwa haisi chokwadi nokuparadzirwa nezvinhu pakati akasiyana muvanze wokutanga Somuenzaniso, uye kunzwisisa repamutemo ukama zvarinoita zvinodiwa vemapato.

Mazano ari icho chikamu kunobva

Masangano Most upi indasitiri pamutemo kwakavakirwa chero mutemo. Kana isu kufungawo chepasi anotaurwa Code of Civil Procedure, riripo nokuva vanhuwo mutemo uye nhungamiro kuvimba, kuti masangano. zvinhu zvepamusoro mashanu kutsanangurwa muchikwata ichi ndiwo:

• Matare hazvifaniri utakure nyaya, zvinova basa vamwe vakuru vakuru.
• Chero mhando sarudzo dzakaitwa pamwe vasingaremekedzi nemitemo hwaHerodhi, anofanira akaonekwa ndedzenhema.
• Mapato imwe nyaya vane kodzero zvinoda kufunga chete gona zviremera.
• All zvinoumba utongi pakutsvaga nguva pakunamata pezvaari. Kuzombotaurazve kushanduka nyaya hakumbokanganisi tsika.
• Kazhinji, utongi ndiyo miganhu chakajairika pachokwadi kunyange pane dzimwe dzakananga zvinhu.

Tichitarisa zvose pamusoro apa, tinogona kugumisa kuti mufananidzo muchikwata kunokosha chaizvo wehurumende zvekufamba kubva pakutanga enyaya.

The inokosha mitemo chepasi of CPC

The kusarudza dare kuti kugadzirisa chero nharo kana zvimwe zvinhu chakavakirwa nhamba mitemo zvinokosha. Vose akapa zvokudya pamusoro Civil Code of Russian Federation. Kazhinji, chikuru chinoita kusarudza utongi ndiyo mhando nemamiriro yacho. Chepasi muchiitiko ichi anoongororwa zvakananga mudare, pasinei zvaunofarira uye zvinofarirwa mapato. Kazhinji, vakawanda yevagari zviitiko munyaya edzimhosva, zviri pakutanga. Panewo zvimwe mitemo Pakusarudza tsika mvumo. Maererano navo, ndivo mhando anotevera pamusoro utongi:

• miganhu;
• sarudzo;
• asina.

Nokuti mumwe mhando kunoratidzwa ayo akasiyana zvinhu, kuongorora izvo zvichaita maximize zvakazara mundotarisisa chepasi rose.

Institute miganhu maonero

Pane zvakasiyana pfungwa chiri Institute Nyaya (maererano Russian Code of Civil Procedure). Chepasi pamusoro miganhu musimboti ndicho. Panyaya iyi, pakusarudza dare akaita maererano mukwiriri pamusoro kushanda. The miganhu musimboti ndechokuti kudare iri nyaya iri tsika, riri pasi wenharaunda yaitongwa nzvimbo yomupomerwi wacho dzokugara. Kana chechipiri chinoumba nyaya iri repamutemo, simba pakutsvaga nzvimbo yayo pakarepo nzvimbo. Pakutanga, kutsunga chepasi huru iyi, ari nyore chaizvo. Zvisinei, kana kushandisa mukwiriri anogona vanoomerwa kuziva nzvimbo yomupomerwi.

Muchiitiko chino, kusarudza nzvimbo yomugariro munhu haasi kunzwisisa, kunyanya kana ari mukwirirwi panyaya. Asi pana nesangano iri kuti munhu repamutemo, kunowanzokonzera zvinetso. Muchiitiko ichi mumwe anogona kuona parameter anomiririrwa achishandisa mutero vaongo-. Base pamusoro pana izvi zviri pamutemo masangano nhasi dzinonzwa pachena kuwana.

zvokuwedzera utongi

The klassiske shanduro tsanangudzo nzvimbo yacho akabata kiyi chinzvimbo CCP. Chepasi of munhu anoti chinhu ndechake asarudzwa, akavapindurawo, zvakare kakawanda, zvisinei, nokuti kushanda kwaiita sangano unofanira kuvapo dzimwe pfungwa. Vakazvimiririra kuona tsika rinobvumirwa yauri kushanyira angabvuma vanenge:

• kuwanazve transponder Nokuraramisa;
• pokugadzwa ubaba;
• pokufa muchato pakati vanhu kana vane mwana muduku chakasviba;
• kudzivirira nevatengi kodzero;
• muripo kuti kukuvadza utano.

Saka, chete ino kana mukwiriri anekodzero yekusarudza nzvimbo chikumbiro. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu zvose, wenharaunda yaitongwa ichi mhando hakushandi.

asina maonero

Pane zvakawanda zvinokosha ezvinhu umo kutsunga dare kunoitika zvikuru chaizvo. pfungwa zvose izvi anotsanangurwa roMutemo Civil Procedure of Russian Federation. Chepasi dzevagari kacho ane chaizvo hunhu rinoshandisirwa muzviitiko apo kupfungwa kwokuoma zvaanoda zviri mutemo. Kushandura nzvimbo muchikwata chero nzira hakungavi zvinobvira. The chete wenharaunda yaitongwa nyaya ndeinotevera:

• namarudzi zvinodiwa, inova huru chinhu ehupfumi (chikumbiro chakaitwa panguva nzvimbo yemavara);
• murume Zvinotaurwa chikwereti, iyo nhaka (nyaya ichaongororwa panzvimbo kuzarura nhaka);
• namarudzi ezvinhu yomuka kubva ukama panguva chokufambisa (chokufambisa) nhumbi.

Nechipiriso nguva ichangopfuura nguva chaizvo zvakafanana, sezvinoita kuwedzera kwenhamba nharo pamusoro pfuma uye nenhumbi zvifambiswe. Mhando idzi utongi chinokosha zvevakomana. Zvisinei, dzidziso yevagari muitiro secrete imwe mhando.

Utongi kwakavakirwa chibvumirano

GIC RF, Art. "Nharaunda Yaitongwa" anobvuma kuguma zvibvumirwano pakati mapato, iyo hunodzorwa kusarudza imwe sangano, icho ichakurukurwa kuchiitirwa nharo. Asi chibvumirano chakadaro chinofanira mose, uye zvakanyorwa mashoko. In ichi chibvumirano chepasi hakusi zvechokwadi nguva dzose. Somuenzaniso, chibvumirano arege kushandura nzira nokuda Pakusarudza chiitiko aakatipa ezvinhu akanga kukurukurwa ambotaurwa. Uyezve, contractual utongi haagoni kushandiswa mune nharo, kukurukura yakaitwa kubudikidza Supreme Court.

Zvikanganiso kushandisa mazwi

Kazhinji vanhu tinovhiringidza pfungwa dzakadai utongi uye vakatozodzokera nyaya. Russian Federation CPC delineates zvinhu zvose mazwi zvizere. Chokwadi, maonero adjacency yavo kwazvo kwakaminama. Utongi - ndiwo sei takazoziva, ari hurumende ichiisa kusawirirana pakati zviremera.

Panyaya hwaHerodhi, akabva parameter iri pakutsvaga zvinoita tichifunga zvakananga mamiriro ezvinhu kuitira kwoutsinye zvekufamba. Saka, mashoko okuti mbiri, kunyange chakafanana mumwe, asi zvazvinoreva zvachose pakatarisana.

mhedziso

Saka, munyaya ino isu akatarisa dzakananga vehurumende sangano rakaita utongi. Article CCP, iyo inodzora chikumbiro chayo, ine dzoga uwandu mashoko pamafomu uye zvinhu muchikwata. Zvisinei, kuti mashandiro kuti kushandiswa chepasi hurumende zvekufamba achiri inoda zvimwe kuvandudzika.