Firebrick: unhu, kukura, marudzi. Fireclay refractory chidhinha kuti vira

Kuvaka chimneys, maindasitiri yamavira, fireplaces nezvimwe masonry ezvirevo uchishanda pasi kumusoro tembiricha rikauya kushandisa chaiyo zvinhu. Kushandiswa zvivako akadaro kwakajairika zvedongo kana siliceous ibwe nezvisingabvumwi nokuti pane mukana wokuti kutsemuka. Vanachiremba vakashandisa refractory chidhinha, masonry kunoitika kushandisa chete thermostable mhinduro. Heat kuramba mashoko runowanikwa roasting uye kushandiswa chaizvo zvinoriumba iri kugadzirwa nematombo.

zvinoitwa

Refractory chidhinha ane zvinoita zvechadenga kwakajairika chakagadzirwa ibwe zvedongo kana silicate. A zvinhu zvinoumba chikamu makabuda ivhu chena, uye pakusachena kuvimba zvivako uye nemhando ezvidhinha. Zvisinei, vose vane chimwe chikamu - refractories, kureva kukwanisa kuramba unhu hwavo vokutanga kana chavakaona yakakwirira tembiricha kuti kupfuura 1580 inegumi.

Wodzishandisa kunyanya indasitiri, uye saka kugadzirwa refractories dzakakwirira zvinodiwa. Nekuti chero kukundikana mukushanda nezvinhu zvakadaro hwakazara makuru nezvinhu, uye kwete nguva chete, asiwo zvemari. Chinhu chikuru - wavanotipa kuchengeteka. Refractory Brick insulating zvinhu moto.

General zvinoitwa nomoto nemishonga nezvibwe chakagadzirwa:

• Low chafariz conductivity - kukwanisa kuramba kupisa mukati chafariz dzakabatana.
• Heat nemishonga - Brick simba chengetedzo kana vachibatwa kutonhora zvinopfuura 1580 inegumi.
• The chafariz inertia - nekugona refractory zvinhu kuchitonhora zvishoma nezvishoma uye rinopisa nekukurumidza.
• Heat vanokwanisa - the maitiro anopa kupisa akavaka zvidhinha mamwe anodzoka.
• Chemical kuramba kukurova gasi, gang uye simbi.
• The nguva dzose pamusoro bhuku, i.e. ari maitiro refractory matombo kana kwete kupa pave shrinkage ari kuwanda 0.5% kusvika 1%.

kunyoresa

Refractory chidhinha, hunhu izvo zvakasiyana zvatinosiita masonry zvinhu vakawana kushanda kwayo pakuvaka chafariz dzakabatana. Mugore metallurgia maindasitiri nokuda utsotso resimbi, nickel, mhangura, chinoda tembiricha pamusoro 1500 madhigirii Zvisinei zvakadaro muvira mudungwe kugadzirwa chete pamusoro dolomite, pamusoro silica, hromomagnezitovogo zvidhina. Silica ibwe namaberere uye kushandiswa lining yamavira zvichishanda acidic zvinhu. Iye ari kuwedzera, asi magnesite refractory compressed, saka kwedenga pamwe ekupedzisira anogona richaparara. Kureva, mumwe mhando nezvidhina kuti chikamu ane zvivako zvakasiyana uye rinoshandiswa.

The non-metallurgia indasitiri refractory ibwe inoshandiswa masonry namakemikari kugadzirwa zvokushandisa, utility boilers, kilns chemubhotoro; vamapoka girazi mafekitari.

mhando

Refractory zvidhina mushanduro mana. Carbon mhando kugadzirwa kubva marasha tara pamwe kuwedzera chemubhotoro / anthracite upfu. kupisa nemishonga zvinhu yakadaro uye shlakoustoychivy. Kazhinji, kuti zvivako dzinoshandiswa kwebhosvo yamavira. Zvisinei, mumwe paiva refractory zvigadzirwa akaisa ayo kudzivirira. Silica (Goldstone) rinobudiswa kubva Goldstone ibwe upfu uye mukaka kwesuko. Refractoriness zvinhu zvakadai pane 1730 madhigirii, uye rinoshandiswa kuti masonry zvidhina midziyo uchikurukura acidic runyararo.

Magnesite, chromite, Chrome-magnesite zvidhina chakagadzirwa kubikwa zvicherwa. Panewo nesilicon carbide uye graphite zvigadzirwa. Fire nemishonga kwazvakaita - kubva 1500 kusvika madhigirii 2000.

By aluminous mhando rinosanganisira yakakurumbira zvinhu ari indasitiri - Fireclay refractory zvidhina. Inoitwa zvinopfuura 30% kubva aruminiyamu oxide (alumina) uye zvaida kuvapo ivhu rinokosha husingakwanisi tembiricha. Fire kuramba - kusvika 1400 inegumi.

Kupatsanura mushonga ehupfumi

Zvichienderana murwiyo huru zvinoumba hazvizivi mabwe unogona kukamurwa 3 mapoka: kwazvakarerekera, chikuru uye acidic.

Kuna acidic boka ibwe zvinhu zviri Silica uye kvartseglinyasty chidhinha. Vari pasina rusaruro pacharo kushamwaridzana acidic runyararo.

Uine alkaline ezvinhu miganhu navo zvinhu refractories kubva dolomite, magnesite, hromomagnezita. vari kushandiswa muchifukura chafariz dzakabatana, vachirayira basa rake rakapinza kuchinja tembiricha.

K munhu kwazvakarerekera boka kwemakemikari kugarisana anorondedzera zvidhina, fireclay refractory, carbon uye graphite ibwe zvinhu. Vane nemishonga uye alkaline, uye acidic ezvinhu.

chigadzirwa encombrements

Sangana nemhando dzose refractory zvidhinha pasi mumwe yezvisikwa saizi hazvibviri. Mumwe chigadzirwa mhando ine GOST zvinodiwa yayo kuvaka zvinhu izvo anogadzirwa uye apo dzinokosha parameters. Plus, ukuru refractory zvidhina kuvimba chimiro, zvisina rectangular nguva dzose. Izvi chokuita kunzwisisa pachake ari chafariz Unit, yaida kuvapo namaberere, hwakavigwa mumakamuri.

Somuenzaniso, kukura zvigadzirwa rectangular kuroorwa anotanga 230h65h65 mm uye magumo parameters muna 345h150h75 mm. miganhu yose rectangular, achikanganisa serin'i, akarembera nezvimwewo refractory zvinogona kuwanikwa GOST 8691-73.

chokuguma

Kuti tipindure mubvunzo chii kutenga refractory hovhoni yezvidhinha, mutengo iri zvakananga novimba chokupika acho, unofanira kuziva zvinhu chigadzirwa chitaridzi. Mumwe anovhara ane ngano. Tsamba yokutanga inomirira zita uye mhando chigadzirwa. Saka, kana kupenda ari tsamba "W", kuti ndeye boka refractory fireclay mabwe; "D" - Dinas, "M" -mullitovyh.

tsamba yechipiri inoratidza kunonyanyisa tembiricha chikumbiro zvinhu. Somuenzaniso fireclay matombo:

• YaBhaasha, Shaq - 1400 inegumi.
• SB - 1350 inegumi.
• SHUS, BC - 1250 inegumi.
• PB (Semi-iine acid mhando) - 1350 inegumi.
• PV - 1250 inegumi.

Sizes pakati refractory Zvidhinha vanozivikanwa munhu, icho pashure tsamba maviri zvizivikanwe chigadzirwa wokutanga. Somuenzaniso, refractory naBhaasha-5 ane parameters 230h114h65 mm uye naBhaasha-8 - 250h124h65. SB-22 chigadzirwa hwokuratidza panosangana achikanganisa serin'i (trapezium), zviyero zvinhu zvakadai - 230h114h65h55 mm. Mushure mukufambisira chokuguma achiteverwa tsamba ndiwo chidimbu ari mugadziri.

mari

Nokuti kuvakwa fireplaces, barbecues, Stoves vaishandisa firebrick. Mubayiro mashoko kunobva zvizivikanwe, kukura, magadzirirwo zvinhu uye zvigadzirwa. Kuenzanisa mitengo hwaOctober 2015 4 dzakakurumbira mhando firebrick akasarudzwa Ukraine uye Russia. Kana yairayira munhu nhovo pane 350-360 zvidhina. Rate ari 1 bv.

• Rectangular chigadzirwa naBhaasha-5 yokuRussia iri vanofungidzirwa 39.9 rubles.
• Akafanana yapfuura refractory, yaBhaasha-8, sezvamakaropafadzwa zvishoma kurei, mutengo 47,9 rubles.
• NaBhaasha-22 (achikanganisa magumo): mutengo kuRussia - 49 rubles.
• NaBhaasha-45 (magumo achikanganisa) chigadzirwa mutengo muRussia - 41,2 rubles.

Sei kusarudza refractory chidhinha romoto?

Pakuvaka muvira mano vanogona kushandisa zvakajairika vachiridzira zvidhina mutsvuku, mureza kukura iyo - 250h120h65 mm. Zvinofanira kuva pachena micheto, hapana chipping, kumeso micheto uye zvakarurama pamakona. Dai zvisina kudaro batira achava kusimba. Pakutanga kwezana pezvitina mamiriro inofanira homogeneous, kureva kuva pasina makatsemuka, voids uye akaturikidzana.

Iron mhangura - giredhi perezhzhonnogo pezvitinha zvinogona chete kushandiswa nokuda umhare muchoto bwezvingoro, sezvo zvakazara chaizvo kugadzirisa. Unburned (tsvuku), ibwe chakagadzirwa, madota, Perforated uye nemhango chidhinha kushandiswa nokuda muchifukura yamavira uye chimneys havabvumirwi.

Refractory hovhoni yezvidhinha, mutengo uri kanoverengeka kupfuura tsvuku ibwe zvedongo zvinodiwa lining ose chafariz dzakabatana. Ndiko kuti asike rwokudzivirira mumuhara rinoshandiswa refractory, izvo neminda romoto. Nokuda kwaizvozvo, kupisa kwakaita mukati kuerera hachiparadzi huru masvingo mevira.

zvingaitwa

A refractory vira zvidhina anofanira vakaisa kupinda nemamiriro pamwe kushanda kunoita homogeneous mhinduro iyo yaizoita fastens zvakasimba batira uye zvigare munguva puranga. For mudzimba Stoves vaishandisa ivhu mhinduro zvichigadzirwa, zvichienderana mafuta zviri ivhu kuwedzera jecha kukura 1: 1 kana 1: 2. Kukurukurwa ndikwane yakagadzirirwa mhinduro, kana rwuchipeterwa akabudisa bhora kana chakaoma kana kutsemuka nenzira gandiwa, uye kana kukandwa pasi hakuna akapararira. Kana nekumwisa jecha, apo bhora kuparara, mutswe rinopa kuvapo hombe inorwara ivhu mhinduro.

Kana achiisa maindasitiri midziyo firebrick chisimbiso pamwe vachishandisa mumaturi - a calcareous negadziriso aiendeswa tichisunga refractory zvigadzirwa.

varumbidzwa kugadzirira calcareous rokugadzirisa ari nhamba 1 kuti masonry muvira zvigadziko: 2 - 1: 4. Cementitious wemisanganiswa inoshandiswa kuvaka nezvigadziko chafariz dzakabatana, kupesvedzera mvura, zvakadai pasi.

Category masonry

Kana dzichiisa, vachigadzira pamusoro chafariz dzakabatana refractory chidhinha masonry nokuda zvinotevera zvinodiwa, izvo kusarudza chikamu chawo;

• The kunonyanyisa Ukobvu mapfundo pakati 0.5 uye 1 mm yakafanana zvikuru kungwarira kuturika muchikwata.
• Sutures kukura 1-2 mm pakati zvitina ndezvaJehovha mhando mbiri.
• Standard (vulgaris) inozivikanwa gobvu masonry majoini 3 mm.
• Availability dhaka pakati zvidhinha 3 mm unoenderana nyore refractory brickwork.

Makirasi, giredhi refractory, chikamu masonry - mashoko zvose izvi kunofanira chinyatsotsanangurwa ari kushanda magwaro. Kana hakuna, ipapo pakukora stitches zvakasiyana STRUCTURAL zvinhu kunotemwa pachishandiswa dzakananga pamatafura.