Dzidziso nevakwegura, unhu. Kubva Hippocrates kuna Pavlova

Kutaura dzidziso nevakwegura, unhu kutanga kunzwisisa shoko. Temperamentum (Latin.) - romuzvarirwo reshiyo dzakawanda mupfungwa maitiro kana kuva nomunhu zviri munhu chokuita maitiro, vakagwinya ehupfumi hunhu. Rinoreva rokumusoro kutya basa nhengo.

Nezvenyaya iyi pane zvidzidzo zvinoverengeka nevanyori siyana, asi vose vari chero nzira chokuita kana inobva nevakwegura, unhu dzidziso yakataurwa Hippocrates. Akaritumidza "humoral" (kubva Latin "humors." - mvura). Gippokrat chokuita ehupfumi nevakwegura, unhu chaivo mvura richikunda mumuviri:

• bile (horo): kutsamwa, vakasvinuka, putika, moods zvachinja - a choleric;
• madzihwa (phlegm): vakadzikama, phlegmatic, pakati nepakati, chinja nyore kuteerera - izvi phlegmatic;
• ropa (Sangvis): nyore kutsungirira matambudziko, aifara, netariro, fara nevamwe - a sanguine;
• dema bile (choko horo): nyara, asingatani kusuruvara, vachengeterwe, tisanzwe kusingafadzi - iri melancholic.

American uye European maonero sayenzi

Similar dzidziso nevakwegura, unhu hwakagadzwa German E. Kretschmer uye W. Sheldon American. By Kretschmer (yepamutemo yokuti), hunhu uye muitiro nechirwere mupfungwa vanhu chokuita nemamiriro womunhu:

• Leptosomatik (pfava) - shizotemichesky mhando. Asingatani nokukurumidza kuchinja manzwiro, akadzivira uye musoro.
• Picnic (gobvu) - tsiklotemichesky mhando (cyclothem - nemanic-depressive chirwere). Zviri nyore kutaura, muiti wechokwadi, asingatani Zvinyamusi.
• Mitambo (mitambo) - iksotemichesky mhando (iksotemiya - tsviyo). Kunyarara, mutsauko tefa mafungiro.
• Displastik (malformed) - Mixed mhando nevakwegura, unhu.

W. Sheldon akaratidza matatu mhando nevakwegura, unhu , zvichienderana nemamiriro muviri:

• tserebrotonik: Kretschmer panguva leptosomatik ichi uye Hippocrates - melancholic;
• somatotonik: Naizvozvo, zvemitambo, choleric;
• vistserotonik: kupikiniki uye sanguine.

Dzidziso iyi Kanenge, uye akanga akakurumbira pakati vanachiremba mumunda ichi, asi munguva yemberi ukama pakati nemamiriro muviri uye pfungwa chirwere kwainzi kuva unproven.

Pedyo chokwadi

dzidziso All ose nevakwegura, unhu muna zvepfungwa, kuva yakarurama yakakwana muna tsanangudzo, asi haagoni kunzi semhedziso dzidziso. Just nekuti muupenyu chaihwo anogona sanganisa Mhando zvarakasiya kubva vanotenderwa mitemo.

Soviet maonero

AI Pavlov ari kudzidza kuti tsinga mhando kutyiswa ndechokuti excitation uye chinovhiringidza yaro pezvakaitwa dzinoitika mumwe munhu Muchiitiko nomumwe. Zvichienderana dzichimhanya, iye akataura mhando ina:

• Mufambo: yainakidza, simba (Hippocrates - choleric);
• simba: kudzikama (melancholic);
• kudzikamisa: vakaneta (phlegmatic);
• dzakapararira: simba, kudzikama (sanguine).

Sezvaunogona kuona, vose inokosha dzidziso nevakwegura, unhu zvimwe piringisha pamwe Hippocratic dzidziso. The zvaari mumwe, chete mazita akasiyana. Panguva iyoyo tinofanira kuyeuka kuti upenyu chaihwo hakukodzeri kupinda chero dzidziso nevakwegura, unhu ndomumwe zana muzana. Unogona chete kutaura pamusoro mapatani.