Driving LEDs vanobatanidzwa pomumbure 220

Zvava dzakakurumbira chaizvo chiedza akatungamirira mwenje. The ndechokuti nhau iyi haisi simba chete zvakakwana, asi mari-kunobudirira. Light-emitting diodes - a semiconductor diode munguva epoxy hamvuropu.

Pakutanga vakanga vasina simba chaizvo uye zvinodhura. Asi gare gare pakuburitswa kunge akasarudza chena uye yebhuruu diodes yakajeka zvikuru. Pakazosvika nguva yavo musika mutengo akawa. Panguva iyoyo, pane LEDs upi ruvara, iro raiva chikonzero kuvashandisa muminda siyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira mishumo zvakasiyana dzimba, kuvheneka anoratidza uye signage, kushandisa mugwagwa zviratidzo uye motokari zviedza munzvimbo kabhini uye headlights motokari, mobile phones uye zvichingodaro. D.

tsananguro

LEDs upise simba shoma, zvokuti nhau kwakadaro zvishoma nezvishoma kutsiva raivapo kare chiedza zvinyorwa. In dzakagadzirirwa muzvitoro, unogona kutenga siyana zvinhu anotsanangura chakaita chiedza, kubvira kwakajairika rambi uye akatungamirira ubvise takapedza akatungamirira aenzana. Ivo vose zvakafanana ndechokuti chokuita yavo chinoda kuitika 12 kana 24 V.

Kusiyana nemamwe mabhuku chiedza kuti kushandisa kudziyisa Kufananidzira rinoshandisirwa munhu semiconductor Chip iyo zvinowanisa Manyiminya nemwaranzi pasi pokudzora ano.

Kuti tinzwisise kutenderera LEDs 220 dziri pomumbure, unofanira kutanga kutaura kuti iye havazokwanisi kudya zvakananga kubva pemambure. Naizvozvo, kushanda LEDs vanofanira kutevedzera yakananga kutevedzana kwezviitiko maererano yavo yakakwirira-voltage Network.

The zvemagetsi ehupfumi pamusoro LEDs

The kuitika-voltage zvechadenga akatungamirira - zviri akadzikama mutsetse. Ndiko, kana voltage zvichawedzera kanenge zvishoma, ipapo kuitika zvichawedzera hasha, izvi zvaizoita kunotoreva kuti overheating ari akatungamirira, anoteverwa kurukutika. Kuti izvi zvisaitike, zvinokosha kuti zvinyorwe kutenderera ano vakaomerwa resistor.

Asi zvinokosha Haazombokanganwi pamusoro vaifanira neizvi voltage akatungamirira 20 V. Kana maererano kuti polarity sezvaaimboita Network achaita yepamusoro voltage pamusoro 315 volts, ndiko 1.41 nguva kupfuura uno. Chokwadi ndechokuti kuitika richikurukura 220 volts AC, uye pakutanga Rinodzika rimwe divi uye ipapo shure zvakare.

Kuitira kudzivisa mamiriro kubvongodzwa mu negwara pakati kwakaita kubatana redunhu kunge sezvinotevera: kuva diode redunhu dzikaita pamusoro. Haana kutadza neizvi voltage. Panyaya iyi chinofanira dzakafanana.

Chimwe chakaita redunhu nokuchinja pomumbure 220 ndiyo kugadzwa maviri Anti-inofambirana LEDs.

Kana mains simba nerubatsiro pamwe anodonha resistor, hachisi yakanakisisa kuzvipedza. Nokuti resistor achapa kure simba simba. Somuenzaniso, apo uchishandisa 24 kOhm resistor, simba bongozozo riri anenge 3 watts or. Kana nyaya simba diode anodonhedza nehafu. Reverse voltage pamusoro diode ave akaenzana 400 V. Kana zvaisanganisira maviri pakaunda LEDs, unogona kuisa zviviri dvuhvattnyh resistor. kurwisa kwavo kunofanira kuva kaviri zvishoma. Zvinogoneka kuti mune imwe nyaya crystals maviri mavara akasiyana. Kazhinji, rimwe sekiristaro matsvuku, mumwe zvakasvibirira.

In Kana apo resistor iri 200 ohms, pamberi kudzivirira diode usiri mutemo, sezvo kuitika mune neizvi kosi muduku uye haazoiti kuparadzwa sekristaro. zano Ndiro kwebasa rinofanira LEDs mu pomumbure ane drawback - duku chiedza girobhu racho kupenya. Rinogona kushandiswa, semuenzaniso, nokuti indoor chiedza chinja.

Nokuti kuti magetsi ari AC mains zvinoita kuti ichengetedzwe mari dzemagetsi nokuti muchidziisa mhepo achishandisa vakaomerwa resistor. With basa iri kurarama capacitor. Handiti, anosuwa pamusoro rakatumbuka kuitika uye haisi kumira.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti condenser anofanira kupfuura zvose mains hafu kutenderera, saka kuti akakwanisa kupfuura imwe rakatumbuka ano. Uye sezvo akatungamirira inoitisa chete muna imwe nhungamiro, zvakakodzera kuisa kwakajairika diode (akatungamirira zvimwe mamwe) Anti-kufanana kwakaita. Ipapo kusuwa yechipiri hafu nguva.

Kana redunhu nokuchinja pomumbure akatungamirira 220 washandukurwa kure, ari voltage pamusoro capacitor achagara. Dzimwe nguva kunyange amplitude izere 315 V. It angavatsugudusa ranwa ano. Kuti izvi zvisaitike, unofanira kupa kuwedzera capacitor uye tiite resistor ane guru sezvadziri, izvo nyaya disconnection kubva pomumbure pakarepo akwanise capacitor. Kuburikidza resistor ichi munguva zvarakanga oparesheni, ano Rwako zvishoma, regai kudziyisa nayo.

Nokuti kudzivirira pulsed kuchaja kuitika uye fiyuzi wakarongwa pasi nemishonga resistor. The capacitor anofanira kuva tsika, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuti rakatumbuka remudunhu anoshandiswa zvisiri asingasviki 250 V, kana 400 V.

Scheme dzakatevedzana kubatana kwakaita akatungamirira chiedza girobhu racho kunosanganisira kugadzwa wandei LEDs zvakabatana muna dzakatevedzana. Somuenzaniso ichi, mumwe chete yemabhuku diode.

Sezvo voltage donhwe rimwe kuitika mhiri resistor kushoma, kubva pasimba kwaibva anofanira subtracted kubva zvachose voltage donhwe mhiri LEDs.

Zvakakodzera yokugadza diode akanga dzaona ano yakaenzana ruchiyerera napakati LEDs magetsi, uye neizvi voltage anofanira kuva akaenzana Verengai nokunetsa pamusoro LEDs. Zvakanakisisa kushandisa kunyange nhamba LEDs uye kubatanidza navo antiparallel.

Mune cheni mumwe anogona kuva LEDs anopfuura gumi. Kuverenga capacitor, anofanira subtracted kubva yepamusorosoro voltage pomumbure 315 ari uwandu voltage kuderera LEDs. Somugumisiro, tinoona nhamba voltage donhwe mhiri capacitor.

Akatungamirira Connection Zvikanganiso

• chikanganiso rokutanga - ndiwo kana akatungamirira zvakabatana pasina rurege, zvakananga kunobva. Panyaya iyi, kuti akatungamirira nokukurumidza kukundikana, nokuda kwokushayiwa kudzora uwandu ano.
• kukanganisa wechipiri - kubatana kune vanhuwo resistor LEDs yakarongwa munyika zvakafanana. Nokuti pane kusiyana parameters, kupenya LEDs combustion ichava yakasiyana. Kunze, kana rimwe LEDs kukundikana, pachava kuwedzera wechipiri akatungamirira uno, nokuda iro rinogona kupisa. Saka, kana munhu resistor rinoshandiswa, zvinokosha kubatanidza LEDs mu akatevedzana. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti kuchengeta chete kuitika dzemaitirwe pamusoro resistor uye akaisa zvakatungamirira voltage.
• The chikanganiso wechitatu - ndiwo kana LEDs, izvo akaverenga pamusoro zvakasiyana kuitika, zvinosanganisira nyaya. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kuti mumwe wavo zvichatsva pasi, kana vakutarisire - kushandira kusakara.
• The chikanganiso wechina - ndiko kushandisa resistor ane nemishonga kukwana. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, magetsi inoyerera kubudikidza zvakatungamirira, ichava zvakare huru. Vamwe simba panguva yakakwirira voltage, mudzoke kuti vakuchidzire, zvichiguma overheating pamusoro sekristaro uye chinokosha rutapudzo yayo anobatsira muupenyu. Chikonzero ichi - zvakachinjikwa pakusiyana. Kana voltage kuwedzera zvimwe, uye peji-N-Kuchinja rinopisa kumusoro, izvozvo zvichaita kuti vasanyanye pezviri quantum kunyatsoshanda. Somugumisiro kuwa zvakatungamirira kupenya, uye sekristaro richaiswa pasi kuparadzwa.
• kukanganisa Wechishanu - zvakakonzera 220V, riri nyore kwazvo Dunhu pasina neizvi voltage miganhu. Kufadza zvinobvumidzwa neizvi voltage nokuda LEDs vakawanda - anenge 2 V, uye neizvi voltage hafu-kutenderera nezvainoita voltage inodonha, izvo zvakaenzana romugove voltage kana rakakiyiwa akatungamirira.
• Chikonzero wechitanhatu - ndiko kushandisa resistor, ane simba haasi zvakakwana. Izvi chinokurwadzai simba kudziyisa resistor uye muitiro kubvunda kuputira, iyo anobata kwayo wiring. Zvadaro anotanga kupiswa pendi uye pasi pokudzora dzakakwirira tembiricha kuparadza kuuya. All nokuti kuti resistor dissipates chete vanokwanisa iyo yakanga yakagadzirwa.

Zano nechekuita mukugarisana ane akatungamirira simba

Kubatanidza mukuru-simba LEDs kushandisa AC / DC-converters, umo yakagadzikana goho ano. Izvi zvichabatsira kusiya kushandisa resistors kana IC akatungamirira mutyairi. Panguva iyoyo tinogona kugadzira nyore kubatana pakati LEDs, hwomutambarakede kushandiswa maitiro uye kuderedza mutengo.

Tisati kutendeukira kuna mains simba LEDs, nechokwadi rakavimbika kubatana kwavo simba rive. Regai kubatanidza nyika ino nesimba rezvokudya, riri pasi makakatanwa, zvikasadaro zvichakutungamirira kuti kukundikana LEDs.

5050. Zvinoitwa LEDs. Zano usanganidzo

For yakaderera-simba LEDs vari zvakare LEDs vari pamusoro pegomo (SMD). Kakawanda, zviri kushandiswa kujekesa mabhatani ari serura kana kuti decoration akatungamirira zviuno.

LEDs 5050 (tipokorpusa size: 5 mm 5) - muri semiconductor chiedza manyuko, izvo zvakananga voltage 1,8-3,4 V uye zvakananga ano simba nechimwe sekristaro - 25 Ma. Feature akatungamirira SMD 5050 iri chokwadi kuti kuvakwa yavo ine crystals matatu, iyo kubvumira akatungamirira inongorira mavara akawanda. Dzinonzi RGB-LEDs. Housing wavo akaita nokupisa nemishonga epurasitiki. The gogorosi kwakanyatsojeka akapararira uye rakanamwa epoxy.

Kuti LEDs 5050 kushanda kwenguva refu sezvinobvira, zvinofanira kwakabatana kune aizviti resistances mu dzakatevedzana. For kunonyanyisa rakavimbika redunhu rimwe nerimwe riri cheni nani batanidza nzvimbo yoga resistor.

Strategies kuti nokupinza kuvheneka LEDs

A rinovaima akatungamirira - a akatungamirira, riri midzi nenzira Integrated kufamba kweropa jenareta. Frequency kupenya zviri kubva 1.5 3 Hz.

Pasinei nokuti kwepfumo akatungamirira tsindirana zvakakwana, zviri dzichengeterwe semiconductor Chip oscillator, uye mamwe masangano pariri.

Kana rinovaima akatungamirira voltage, zviri waifarirwa dzingasiyana. Somuenzaniso, nokuti mukuru-Z ndiyo 14 volts, uye rakadzika-voltage 1,8-5 volts.

Nokudaro, unhu hwakanaka kwepfumo akatungamirira zvingasanganisira, kuwedzera diki kukura uye chiedza zvichikurukura mudziyo uri tsindirana, asi zvakawanda pamusoro zvinobvumidzwa voltage. Uyezve, unogona emit mavara akasiyana.

In mamwe kwepfumo LEDs vari akaiswa anenge matatu LEDs mavara akasiyana kuti dzakasiyana kakawanda panomuka.

Achibwaira LEDs uyewo mari zvikuru. Chokwadi kuti electronic wedunhu ari kwakaita yakaitwa kuti MOSFETs, nokudaro rinovaima diode inogona chikatsiviwa chete dzichipfekeka chimwe. Nokuda duku kukura kwepfumo LEDs inowanzoshandiswa tsindirana namano kuti zvinoda shoma radioactive okunze.

Munguva diagram, kuti kwepfumo akatungamirira rinoratidza saizvozvo sezvo dzose, kunze chete ndechokuti shooter hachisi mutsetse yakananga uye musango. Saka, dzinomirira achibwaira akatungamirira.

Kuburikidza läpinäkyvä nyaya kwepfumo akatungamirira inoratidza kuti inoitwa zvikamu zviviri. Ikoko, panguva akaipa danda riri cathode pechingoro chinhu chiedza emitting diode Chip, uye anode chinouraya yaiva jenareta chip.

Chokuita zvose zvinoumba mudziyo uchishandisa matatu dzendarama waya jumpers. Kusiyanisa kubva zvatinosiita kwepfumo akatungamirira, zvakakwana kuona chiedza segirazi muviri. Pane chinogona kuonekwa vaviri vakaenzana kukura substrate.

On imwe substrate ndiyo crystalline kuutio chiedza emitter. Inoitwa isingawanzowanikwi pasi chiwanikwa. Kuti kuwedzera chiedza goho uye pfungwa uyewo beamforming kushandisa parabolic aruminiyamu reflector. reflector ichi rinovaima chakaita iduku pane dzose. Izvi imhaka yokuti yechipiri hafu goko iri padded pamwe IC.

Between izvi zviviri substrates vari akataura yendarama waya jumpers maviri. Maererano dzimba kwepfumo akatungamirira, zvinogona kuitwa diffuser kana matte mapurasitiki, kana segirazi epurasitiki.

Nokuti chokuti emitter kwepfumo akatungamirira haasi pamusoro akabatana kuti symmetry pamusoro dzimba, nokuti mudzimu yunifomu jekeso zvinokosha kushandisa monolithic diffuse ruvara faibha.

Pamberi läpinäkyvä muviri inogona kuwanikwa chete panguva achibwaira LEDs makuru dhayamita, vane yakatetepa nemwaranzi muenzaniso.

Nekuti mukuru-kakawanda oscillator unotora jenareta kuvheneka akatungamirira. basa Its riri kuramba, uye kakawanda anenge 100 kHz.

Pamwe mukuru-kakawanda jenareta iri mberi operable mugoveri pfungwa zvinhu. It, uyewo, anoita weboka mukuru kakawanda kusvikira 1.5-3 Hz. Chikonzero kwemajoini kushandiswa rurefu-Frequency jenareta chinhu kakawanda mugoveri kuti pasi-Frequency oscillator kunoda capacitor nepfungwa vachikwanisa nguva-marongero redunhu.

Achiunza refu-kakawanda 1-3 Hz zvinoda vanokamura pamusoro musoro okunze. Asi zvakakwana vavo zviri nyore kurevawo rimwe duku nzvimbo semiconductor chip. On the semiconductor substrate, kuwedzera mugoveri uye tenzi kakawanda jenareta, ari kudzivirira diode uye wemagetsi kiyi. A vakaomerwa resistor iri vaumbe muna kwepfumo LEDs, izvo dzaona panguva voltage 3 kusvika 12 volts.

Low Voltage kwepfumo LEDs

Kana neyamapani voltage akatungamirira achibwaira, ipapo havasi vane vakaomerwa resistor. Kana simba polarity chaisazvitsigira kudzivirira diode kunoda. It zvinodiwa kudzivirira goho redunhu kukundikana.

Basa mukuru-kuvheneka LEDs akanga refu uye akaenda zvakanaka, pomugove voltage havafaniri kupfuudza 9 volts. Kana voltage kuwedzera, kuvheneka akatungamirira simba nounzenza uchawedzera izvo zvichaita kuti kudziyisa yacho semiconductor chip. Zvadaro, mukuru akatungamirira ichatanga rinovaima kudzikisirana nokuda kwazvo kudziyisa.

Kana uchifanira kuongorora mashoko serviceability kwepfumo akatungamirira, kuti vaite izvi zvakanaka, unogona kushandisa bhatiri pa 4,5 volts uye zvakabatana muna ngaatevedzane ane zvakatungamirira resistor 51 ohms. Power resistors vanofanira kanenge 0.25 watts or.

Kubhururuka LEDs

Kuisa akatungamirira - imwe nyaya inokosha kwazvo nyore chikonzero kuti wakabatana chinhanho yavo zvakananga.

Sezvo akatungamirira uye Chip havadi kunofambira mberi, uye overheating, zvakakodzera solder zvikamu nokukurumidza sezvinobvira, pasina kupfuura kwemasekonzi mashanu. Saka zvinokosha kushandisa yakaderera-simba pokunamatidza simbi. muromo tembiricha haafaniri kupfuudza 260 inegumi.

Kana pokunamatidza iri mberi zvichibvira kushandisa kuchipatara forceps. Akatungamirira forceps clamped pedyo muviri, saka kuti kana pokunamatidza pave mamwe kupisa kubviswa kubva chip. To makumbo akatungamirira havasi kuputswa, havafaniri vanokunga zvikuru. Vanofanira kuva kufanana nomumwe.

Kuitira kudzivisa overloading redunhu kana mudziyo pakuraramisa yacho fiyuzi.

Driving nyoro kutanga LEDs

Driving zvakanaka pamusoro uye kure LEDs - akakurumbira pakati vamwe, izvozvo aifarira motokari varidzi vanoda vorega kumotokari dzavo. zano iri kushandiswa kuvhenekera motokari menyika. Asi ichi hachisi kwayo chete kushandiswa. Rinoshandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Simple nyoro kutanga redunhu LEDs kunofanira kuva transistor, mumwe capacitor, maviri resistors uye LEDs. Unofanira kunhonga kwakadaro vakaomerwa ano-resistors, izvo zvinogona kutakura kuitika 20 Ma kuburikidza nerimwe akatungamirira tambo.

Driving zvakanaka pamusoro uye kure LEDs haangagari kwakakwana pasina pamberi capacitor. Hunomupa kuunganidza. The transistor anofanira pnp-chivako. A kuitika panguva nomuteresi hakufaniri asingasviki 100 Ma. Kana zano iri nyoro kutanga LEDs vakaungana nemazvo, muenzaniso motokari mukati chiedza nokuda 1 wechipiri richava nyoro kutanga LEDs, uye pashure nokuvhara musuo - wakatsetseka shutdown.

Rakatumbuka pamusoro LEDs. vanoronga

Mumwe chiedza zvinokonzerwa ne akatungamirira ndiyo rave yavo usanganidzo. Ari kunzi kumhanya moto. It unoshanda ane zano zvionera simba rakadaro. Nokuti naye mazano vakashandisa kwakajairika chinja kuti anopa simba rave nechimwe LEDs.

Funga zano rine mbiri chips transistors gumi, izvo pamwe chete vanoumba tenzi oscillator, kuzvidzora uye Indexing pacharo. aka grade pakaunda kubva goho pamusoro tenzi oscillator kupomba iri hwakatamisirwa kudzora chikwata. Zvadaro, voltage rinoshandiswa mujinga transistor uye kunozarura nayo. The anode yacho kwakaita zvakabatana zvakanaka simba bhuku, zvichiguma luminescence.

The kupomba wechipiri zvinowanisa inonzwisisika chairema unotevera goho ari pakaunda, uye yapfuura pasi voltage uye achavhara transistor, mauri akatungamirira anoenda. Uyezve, zvose kuitika chete kutevedzana.