Diphyllobothriasis: Zviratidzo muvanhu uye mabatiro zvaiitwa

Diphyllobothriasis chirwere parasitic, achiperekedzwa chikuru lesion pakati nhengo ari zvomudumbu turakiti, uyewo megaloblastic kupererwa neropa. activator wayo pedyo tapeworm - mumwe tapeworm (D.latum), izvo zvinogona kusvika 10 M uye asingasviki 10 marudzi ose genus Diphyllobothrium akadzidza Diphyllobothrium.

Zvinokonzera chirwere

HweHIV diphyllobothriasis kwevanhu kunoitika nokudya nemadandemutande nzira insufficiently kurapwa chafariz kana taita acharungwa zvigadzirwa hove, uye kana kucheka hove uye nokurera kukwana yepamusoro glassware pashure. Makavigwa ingress honye mumuviri womunhu kunoitika maererano refu cheni.

A nzira kugovana diphyllobothriosis

mazai Tapeworm vachikura kupinda mvura yakachena ane tembiricha kuti 10-20 ° C kwerinenge mwedzi. Zvadaro, vakabviswa kubva koraditsii-tuvana izvo zvinozoita vari kudyiwa crustaceans diki, semuenzaniso, copepods. Izvi - plerocercoids - yokutanga zvenguva padanho chirwere panguva iyo mazana vari akaumba helminth. Ipapo danho rechipiri, kana Freshwater hove dzakadai Pike, Abhinadhabhi, knot, muramba, Rainbow, et unto., Eating crustaceans yake muviri mazana apedzise kukura kwavo padariro specimens vakura. Uye chete pashure kuti honye vanoona zvakajeka hondo dzavo uye, naizvozvovo, panobva chirwere - munhu, kana, zvichida, mumiririri mhuka hove-kudya akadai nguruve, gava, bheya, chisimbiso, etc. Zviri mumiviri yavo kare vakasimba chisvetasimba helminth mazai panze izvo zvinouya panguva defecation uye kutsvinda kuwira mvura yakachena, kutanga ngetani itsva chirwere.

Parasitizing kuti ura yakafara tapeworm inoumbwa anoverengeka zviuru zvikamu (proglottids) mazai ane, uye zvakasimba kuda pamasvingo anyatsoronga duku ura Via slits maviri (bothria) riri kumusoro kuguma kwayo. Kunyange zvazvo chisvetasimba pakureba dzimwe nguva inosvika 10 metres, pane zviitiko apo munhu muviri hwakagara nehonye akawanda.

Location kupararira chirwere

Diphyllobothriasis hwevanhu vakawanda pakati vagari kumatunhu pamwe vakadzikama inotonhora mumamirire ekunze, uko vagari Nde chikafu hove uye ayo nemhara. Hosha rinowanikwa munyika dzeEurope, kunyanya mu dzekuma Scandinavia, Japan, South America, Africa, USA, Canada, uye Russia.

Pathogenesis uye Pathologic mufananidzo diphyllobothriasis

Kamwe mumuviri womunhu, mumwe tapeworm rine pathogenic nomugumisiro zvemaziso, chepfu uye sema uye neuro-dzepanguva hunhu. Chekutanga, ndiwo kukanganisa pamusoro intestinal mucosa bothria kana vasiyana pamasvingo helminth. Izvi zvinoguma atrophy uye necrosis yacho mucosa. chisvetasimba metabolic zvigadzirwa vanotsamwisa autosensibilizatsionnye pezvakaitwa. Vakachengeta zvinokosha endogenous gipoavitaminoz folic asidhi uye vhitamini B12, iyo pamwe chete zvibereko nhengo kudhaka chisvetasimba upenyu 2% chinokurwadzai megaloblastic kupererwa neropa. Duration chirwere zviri makore gumi.

zviratidzo diphyllobothriasis

Kubva mazuva 20 kusvika 60 - kumwedzi incubation akadaro ane bothriocephaliasis zviratidzo vanhu vanotanga kuonekwa chete pashure iyi. Zvaive munguva iyi nehonye kuita zvepabonde vakakura chimiro, vasiyana intestinal kumadziro uye kutanga kushanda. Diphyllobothriasis anotanga kuoneka zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuda kurutsa, belching uye kurutsa, abdominal distention, kurwadziwa epigastric marwadzo, murombo kudya, kunetswa imwe cheya - zvose pamwe mangwanani zviratidzo bothriocephaliasis. murume ane pikicha diphyllobothriasis mudariro kwapera achaita kunokonzeresa kutotaura naye nemuumbi pallor ganda uye mucous membranes, uye murwere achatambura kubva kurukutika, dzungu, utera, abdominal marwadzo, paresthesia, hepatosplenomegaly, Achille, wakatsemuka rurimi (akazotevera rurimi anova mvere).

Vakachengeta tachycardia, hypotension, hope, systolic ino- tsutsumwa panguva chakaderedzwa mutengo, mheremhere kumusoro. Laboratory ropa nemiedzo anofungidzirwa varwere utachiona akaratidza mufananidzo zvinotevera: ungaderedza Chizenga, pasi nhamba masero matsvuku eropa, wedzera zvakananga bilirubin, mukuru ruvara indekisi, neutropenia, leukocytosis, chakakwirira ESR. The mwero kwokuomerwa kupererwa, uyewo kwokuomerwa hosha kunokanganisa kunyatsoita helminthic infestations, kuvapo concomitant zvirwere zvachose kurwisa kwomuviri, unhu uye uwandu zvokudya kuparadzwa.

For zvakakomba diphyllobothriasis myelosis maitiro funicular, iyo runoratidzwa kutyora yakadzika nehanya, gumbo simba, Blurred paresthesia. Mune vamwe varwere, ganda ngapaonekwe sema rashes (mikoko), kunowedzera uwandu chiropa uye chirwatata. Mune zvisingawanzoitiki Muzviitiko ngadzirambe epileptoformnye (kufema) nezvipusha, chiveve maoko nemakumbo, kutsiga kufamba. ava bothriocephaliasis ane nezviratidzo zvakakomba uye kurapwa chirwere ichi anofanira chatangwa pashure kuongorora chirwere. Refu diphyllobothriosis kunokonzera ileus.

Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuziva kuti bothriocephaliasis, zviratidzo izvo akaumbwa anoyevedza siyana zvirwere dzimwe nguva une zvachose Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa (asymptomatic) kuti chirwere umo utachiona iri dzakaonekwa chete yawanikwa chisvetasimba iri mutsvina yadzo zvimedu.

kuongorora chirwere diphyllobothriasis

The hwaro nechirwere "bothriocephaliasis murume" ndivo murwere zvichemo runoenzanirana mumarabhoritari kutsvakurudza mashoko. Vanofungidzirwa chirwere unogona kushumira eosinophilia muropa (nokuti achangopfuura yaingopambwa), uye thrombocytopenia uye leukopenia, yakakwirira erythrocyte sedimentation mwero uye hyperchromic kupererwa neropa. A maitiro chepfungwa chirwere chiri kutaipa megaloblastic hematopoiesis. The ongororo inoratidza vazhinji vechidiki siyana erythrocytes (megaloblasts, normoblasts, polychromatophilia, poikilocytes etc.). A guru muchinangwa nechirwere chinoita epidemiological nhoroondo: chokwadi murwere kugara endemic nzvimbo, vachidya mbishi Freshwater hove kana acharungwa insufficiently caviar. Asi pakupedzisira iri chete akaisa apo murwere pachituru ongororo inoratidza kuti rine mazai kana zvikamu dzakafara tapeworm.

Pane zviitiko apo varwere zvakaipa, akaona nezvimedu zvezvingwa chisvetasimba nomumwe mutsvina yadzo dzavo.

Zvakakosha kwete kuvhiringidza kupererwa neropa Addison-Birmera uye bothriocephaliasis, izvo zviratidzo zvakafanana chaizvo. Kuti izvi zvidaro, akatakurirwa gastric zviri kuvapo chinhu Castle vasipo kupererwa neropa.

Diphyllobothriasis: kurapwa

Kana murwere chirwere "bothriocephaliasis" kurapwa rinoitwa pakarepo muchipatara. In zvakakomba kupererwa neropa risati vyvedeniiyu helminth nzira vhitamini basa zvazvingava (B12, folic acid, simbi). Vhitamini B12 chinotarisirwa sezvo intramuscular majekiseni 200-500 MG 2 kana 3 pavhiki. Ya vhitamini mishonga iri mazuva 30.

For degelmentizatsii vaishandisa zvinodhaka zvakadai se "biltricid", "Praziquantel", "Niclosamide" kana "Azinoks". "Fenasal" chinodhaka rinogona kushandiswa kubvisa chisvetasimba. zvinodhaka vose anwa nomuromo uye vane simba mugumisiro helminth. Somugumisiro, chisvetasimba ichi anorasikirwa kukwanisa kuramba mukati ura uye kunze. Zvakakosha chaizvo panguva njanji ichi, kuti tapeworm akabuda chose. Kuti vabudirire kwokupedzisira mugumisiro kuti pakuchenesa enema bowel.

Kubudirira kurapa kwakadaro mushonga anenge 95%, muna zvisingawanzoitiki nguva yakaoma ileus, degelmentizatsiya akaita surgically. Varwere chirwere kuti "bothriocephaliasis", iro rave zvinobudirira kurapwa dehelminthization danho unobuda panguva dispensary pakuongorora nokuwana fecal pachisara pamwedzi kwemwedzi mitanhatu.

zvavo mishonga

In the folk mushonga makatodzinga honye setsika kushandiswa nhanga mbeu uye munhu decoction wavo. Nhanga mbeu, mbishi kana akaomeswa, triturated nemvura nouchi uye kutora imwe mari 300 g. nokutsanya portionwise pamusoro awa. Nzira iyi anonyatsorayiridzwa kurwisa nyaya yakafanana bothriocephaliasis kwevanhu. Reviews ari kubudirira degelmentizatsii vachishandisa mbeu nhanga kubvumira kuti pave kubudirira nzira iyi.

Diet, Nutrition

Panguva kurapwa, murwere unofanira kuomerera diphyllobothriasis kukudzivirirai kudya inosiya zvokudya vari muchishungurudza kune mucous Kamudzira pakati Zvakaitwa intestinal rusvingo. Advantageously unyorwe zvokudya zvokudya rurefu zviri vhitamini B12, uye folic acid.

Kunyanya vana

Honye infestation vana Kutamiswa zvikuru kwakanyanya zviratidzo kupererwa neropa uye vhitamini pokuperevedza muvarwere vaduku akaratidza zvakajeka.

Prevention diphyllobothriasis

Kana iwe - unoda Freshwater hove uye vanogara kuchamhembe munzvimbo pedyo zvitunha mvura, kuti varege kubatwa pamusoro chirauro uyu risingafadzi chirwere sezvo bothriocephaliasis munhu, kudzivisa kuva ushe hwako noupenyu №1.

Kuti tidzivise chirwere diphyllobothriasis adye hove Freshwater chete rikashandiswa zvakanaka yakabikwa, uyewo yaro yepamusoro acharungwa caviar chete. Zvakakodzera zvikuru kuchengeta mitemo noutsanana kana hove nokuveza uye kubika nawo.

Unofanira kuziva kuti kana Zasole hove, zvichienderana munyu wevasungwa, ari mazana kufa mazuva chete pashure 2-7. helminth mazai panguva brining mhuru vanofa mukati hafu yeawa pa 10% zvakawanda chikamu munyu pachinhu kurema mazai. Kana munyu iri 5%, chigadzirwa rinova yakachengeteka kudya asina kwokutanga pane 6 maawa, pa 3% - kwete kwokutanga pane pashure pemazuva maviri.

helminth mazana vari kuurayiwa pasi pakadzika Ndinoda (nokuti mazuva 2-4 pa -18 ° C, vhiki imwe tembiricha kuti -6 ° C).

Apo chirwere murwere, zvinokosha kuongorora zvose vomumhuri yake, nokuti iyi vari pangozi.

Munyika yose chete pose kuitira kurerutsa ndingangokuvara chirwere vanofanira kudzikisa chikamu zvenguva vatakuri mu reservoirs nokuderedza kana kubvisa okuyerera faeces mu makungwa nenzizi, kuona utsanana richiona acho, uyewo mukuru mamiriro pamahombekombe, mahombekombe uye zvigadzirwa hove kupinda chikafu Enterprises indasitiri uye zvitoro. Zvinofanira nokungwarira kuongororwa mune zvokurapa masangano chirwere zvakadai yokusafa kuwanika sezvo bothriocephaliasis zviratidzo. Treatment chete nokusimbisa nechirwere anofanira chatangwa uye ane mutemo unoti cheki ose dzemhuri kuvapo chirwere.

Kunyanya pamuviri uye lactating

Parasitic infestation, - kureva, vhitamini pokuperevedza uye kupererwa neropa kana rinomiririra ngozi zvikuru kuti utano ramangwana amai, uye nokuda fetus. Vakadzi vane pamuviri kungwarira kunyanya, kudya hove uye caviar. Zvakakosha kuti usatadza zviratidzo yokutanga chirwere akadai hove tapeworm chirwere, zviratidzo izvo zvinogona nyore kururama zviratidzo toxicity (preeclampsia), uye kukurumidza kutsvaka nhungamiro Murabhoritari yokuedzwa chitsiko kuvapo mazai honye mairi.

Pakurapa chirwere vakadzi vane pamuviri iri kuitwa, wakachengeteka utano hwomwana asati aberekwa. Saka, nokuti degelmentizatsii vakadzi vane pamuviri uye lactating regai kushandisa mishonga yakadaro "biltricid" uye kushandisa yakachengeteka zvavo mushonga - mbeu nhanga. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, ekukurerai vane chirwere kuti "bothriocephaliasis murume" kurapwa tsigira inobereka nzira kugamuchira diphyllobothriasis mureza mishonga uye grudnichka kune kuvanza dzichifura.