Chitendero cheCroatia: zvikamu, kupupura, mazororo makuru

Munharaunda yayo yose, Croatia yakaramba iri pasi pesimba reimwe nyika. Pakati pevanokunda uye vatongi varo vaOrthodox, maKaturike nemaMuslim, saka havasi vose vanozokwanisa kupindura chitendero chipi muCroatia chinonzi ndicho chikuru. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa izvi zvakare munyaya.

Kuumbwa kwevanhu uye chitendero cheCroatia

Croatia ine nyika duku kwazvo, musha kune vanenge 4.8 mamiriyoni evanhu, 51% yavo ndeyevakadzi. Vanopfuura 90% yevagari vemo ndivo vakaroti. Kunyange zvazvo munguva pfupi yapfuura kwakave nekukwirira kwakawanda kwevakabva kune dzimwe nyika, kunyanya yeItaly yakabva. Izvi zvinosangana nehuwandu hweCroatia munyika. VeSerbia ndivo vashoma vorudzi rukuru. Albania, Bosnia, Gypsies, Italiya, Hungarians, Czechs, Slovenes nevamwe vanogarawo munyika.

Chitendero chikuru muCroatia ndiKaturike. Iko kutenda kunotsigirwa nevanopfuura 85% yevanhu. Chimwe chinotevera chitendero chinonzi Orthodox - 4-5%, iyo inosanganiswa nenhamba huru yeSerbia. Agnostics uye vasingatendi kuna Mwari pamwe chete vanoita nhamba imwechete sevatendi veOrthodox. Nhamba duku duku yevaMuslim neVaPurotesitendi.

Nhoroondo

Muzana remakore reVII Croats inowanikwa munharaunda yemazuva ano (Republic of Croatia). Zvingangodaro, saka ivo vaiva vahedheni, kufanana navaSlav vakawanda. Kufuridzirwa kwamamishinari eBenedictine neByzantine kwakaitwa mukufarira kutenda kwechiKristu. Mune nguva kubva paVII kusvika kuma1X yezana remakore, vanhu veCroatia vano rugare uye vasingabvumi kubhabhatidzwa. Iko kare muzana remakore X, machechi eOrthodox akavakwa umo maitiro ekunamata akaitwa mumutauro weCroatia uye Old Slavic.

Muzana remakore XI, panguva yeChechi yeChechi yakaparadzaniswa, vanhu veCroatia vanoona kuparadzwa kwakasimba kubva kuna Papa. Vakawanda vatendeuka kuKaturike. Basa raMwari reCroatia rakarambidzwa, basa racho rakatumirwa muchiLatin. Kuwedzera mberi nekusimbiswa kweKaturike kunotungamirirwa nevaFranciscans, veDominicans, uye zvakare neveJesuits. MuMiddle Ages, Katurike yakasimbiswa kwazvo sechitendero chikuru cheCroatia.

Simba muhurumende inowanzopfuura mumaoko akasiyana. Kwenguva refu, Croatia yakanga iri pasi pekutonga kweAustro-Hungarian Empire, iyo yakatsigirawo Chechi yeKaturike. Panguva yekuvapo kwaYugoslavia, nyaya yekutenda yave yakaoma zvikuru: kuedza kubatanidza maOrthodox maSerbia, Croats-Catholics nemaBosnia muhurumende imwe yakatungamirira mukurwisana kwechitendero nezvematongerwo enyika. Munyaya iyi, vazhinji veOrthodox Serbs vakabva munyika.

Croatia: chitendero muhurumende yemazuva ano

Mushure mokusununguka, Mutemo-soro wakasimbisa rusununguko rwechitendero uye kuenzana kwezvitendero zvose pamberi pemutemo. Chechi yeKaturike sechitendero chikuru cheCroatia inonzwisisika seyakadaro chete nechikonzero chekuwedzera.

Zvikoro zvekumaruwa zvinotenderwa kuitisa zvidzidzo zvine chokuita nechitendero, asi kupinda kune imwe nzira. Zvidzidzo pamusoro pechitendero zvinobatanidzwa zvikurukuru neChechi yeKaturike. Kushamwaridzana kwechitendero kune masimba. Kuroorana, kwakasungirirwa nechechi (yechitendero chero chipi zvacho), inonzi inofanirwa uye inharaunda yenyika.

Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti pamberi pemutemo, Chechi yeKaturike haisi yakasiyana nedzimwe mvumo, ichiri nezvimwe zvinobatsira. Somuenzaniso, gore negore rinogamuchira rubatsiro rwemari kubva kuhurumende, iyo inowanikwa muchibvumirano pakati peVatican neRepublic of Croatia. Nhengo dzezvitendero dzinosara dzinogamuchirawo mari, kunyange ichiitwa kunze kwekubhadhara penheji uye mari yehutano. Mukuwedzera kune Katurike, Serbian Orthodox Church, Muslam, Bulgarian, Croatian Old Catholic, Macedonian Orthodox, Adventist nemamwe makereke anoshandisa munyika.

Islam in Croatia

Kutenda kweMuslim kwakauya kune hurumende yeBalkan pamwe nevashori - maOttoman Turks. Muzana remakore rechi15, umambo hweOttoman hwakagadza kutonga chikamu cheCroatia yemazuva ano. Yaiva muzana remakore rechi19 chete iyo ndima dzakakwanisa kubvisa kutonga kweTurkey, uye panguva ino vazhinji vaCroats vakagamuchira Islam. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare kare uye vanofamba, semuenzaniso Marco Pigaffet, vakaona kuti simba racho rakanga risati riri rega. Muzvinyorwa zvekare, unogona kuverenga pamusoro pekucherechedza kuti muIstanbul panguva iyoyo nhamba huru kwazvo yeTurks yaiziva mutauro weCroatia. Kunyangwe muruvanze, dzimwe nguva vakuru vakuru vakataura pamusoro payo.

Pari zvino, vaMuslim vari munyika iyo inenge 1.5% yehuwandu hwevanhu. Ichi chitendero chinozivikanwa zvikurukuru neTurkey, Albania, Bosnians uye Gypsies. Zvinonakidza kuti apo ushe hweOttoman hwakanga huripo, hapana musisi yakavakwa muCroatia. Iye zvino imwe yemasikiti makuru munyika ino yakavakwa mumukuru wehurumende - Zagreb.

Mazororo echitendero

Kune mamwe mazororo ezvitendero, nyika ine mavheti ekupedzisira. Sezvo chitendero chakanyanya kupararira cheCroatia Chikatorike, mazororo anozivikanwa kuvaKristu anobatwa maererano nekereke yeKereke yeKaturike. Izvi zvinoshanda kuIsita uye Krisimasi (yekupedzisira inopembererwa musi waDecember 25-26). Zuva rekuenda kumamiriro ehurumende zvakare: Zuva reMagi Vatatu, Mutambo weMutumbi waKristu, Kufanirwa kweMhandara neZvatsvene Vose. Vagari vanozviti vaIslam havabvumirwi kushanda panguva ye Ramadan Bayram neKurban Bayram, yeOrthodox panguva yeKrisimasi yeOrthodox, uye vaJudha paYom Kippur mutambo.