Chiratidzo transducers: mifananidzo, anodawo mazano uye chinangwa

In bhizimisi uye mumba yapararira kushandisa-siyana chiratidzo converters. mano izvi zvinogona kumiririrwa mu zvakawanda okunatsiridza yakadekara pakugadzirisa zvinetso zvakasiyana nzvimbo upfumi. Ndezvipi chiratidzo converters zvinogona kunzi ndicho? In chii chingava zvainyanya kushanda kwavo?

Ndechipi chinangwa chiratidzo converters?

chiratidzo converters - namano kuti chaizvoizvo anogona kuvapo ari-siyana mhinduro. izwi iri zvinobudirira seboka uye inogona kureva midziyo inoshandiswa akasiyana zvikamu hwenyika uye Classified ne zvachose zvakasiyana zvinodiwa. The Mhando chikuru anonongedzera kuti anogona kuchinja mudziyo mu mubvunzo:

- simba;

- inzwi;

- tembiricha;

- muzvigadzirwa hunhu.

Zvichienderana mabasa vakatarisana achiputa chiratidzo convert iri sechivako nhengo mano anogona aibatanidza modules, kubudiswa dzakasiyana mashoko mhando. Kushandurwa anogona nokudaro chinozoiswa mukati chete mhando chiratidzo (semuenzaniso, kubva mumwe kakawanda mumwe) kana kuva mashandiro sechinoreva shanduro pakati akasiyana Mapato ose anonongedzera. Somuenzaniso, muna yemagetsi inzwi.

The inonyanya devaysa anorondedzera convert analoginen anonongedzera kune digitaalinen (ndiEzekieri kana akapa womukati mudziyo mamiriro modules). Funga zvinhu basa rake.

Analog-to-digitaalinen convert

The mudziyo muna mubvunzo, zvakagadzirirwa kutendeutsa chero analoginen chiratidzo - semuenzaniso, inomiririrwa voltages, mu-digital muchimiro (kubvumira Somuenzaniso, kuti vanyore chiratidzo chaienzanirana faira).

Mumwe mukuru dzekuziva kuti kubudirira nhau hurongwa - ikakuruma date goho. Its ukoshi anosarudza pachiyero chiratidzo ruzha reshiyo.

Chimwe chinokosha parameter zvinoratidza unhu zano akadai analoginen graphs - inotungamirwa zvazvingava goho chiratidzo. Pakati pevaya namano kuti zvinopa optimum waivako kwayo - avo chokuita yakafanana mhando. Vakaita paumbwe guru Mureza hova vachishandisa zvakakodzera nhamba tap. Ichi chiri kushanda mudziyo, kakawanda kacho anosarudza kusunungurwa kuMudzidzisi transducers, dzinoratidzwa makuru miganhu. Uyezve, analoginen chiratidzo converters kunogona zvakakwana yakakwirira simba pamwero. Zvisinei, vakapiwa kubudirira mano aya kazhinji anozivikanwa ne zvinhu zvavo havana sevanhu nezvikanganiso.

Kutendeuka kubva analoginen anonongedzera kune digitaalinen inofambirana mano rinoitwa nokukurumidza chaizvo. Kupa kunyange yepamusoro kumhanya ari runoenzanirana mhando mano vanogona kushanda kuburikidza akawanda mano, kuitira kuti vanobata Rwako kuti anonongedzera akavapindurawo.

Alternative mhinduro kufananidza converters Serial mhando anonongedzera. Avanotarisira kuva zvishoma zvibereko, asi mamwe magetsi. Kushandiswa kwavo kungava kwakakodzera muzviitiko apo pane mubvunzo wokupa nhepfenyuro anonongedzera mukati kwezvivako maduku okuita, kana iri chiitiko kuti mukuru kutendeuka mwero kupfuura izvo zvinoitwa ne anotevedzana mudziyo, kunodiwa.

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti pane zvakasiyana-mhando namano kuti nokubatanidza mashandiro anoita akatevedzana uye inofambirana converters. Kakawanda, ndivo Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mhinduro tichitarisa pokuita chete nzira ine profitability yauinayo.

Above tinoona kuti analoginen-kuti-digitaalinen converters zvingasanganisira modules, kuburikidza icho kutendeuka digitaalinen anonongedzera kupinda analoginen. Panewo yoga chikamu yakakodzera mhando namano. Tichadzidza unhu hwavo.

Digital kuna Analog Converters

Kana User riripo Somuenzaniso, nokuti analoginen paterevhizheni chiratidzo, huchishanda achava zvinobvira kubatanidza nhengo kanyanga. Kana pasi zvokuchinja yepakutanga chiratidzo muruoko analoginen, iyo TV anogona kuziva. Dzinorwadza angava, akavapindurawo, digital kanyanga. Kana, neimwe nzira, chiratidzo akagamuchira Indaneti.

The mudziyo muna mubvunzo, saka, vatendeuki chiratidzo chine digitaalinen remitemo mugomba kuitika, voltage kana basa iri chakasvitswa kune analoginen kugadzira modules. Dzinenge zvigadziriswe tishandurwe ichi kuvimba mhando chiyamuro Data. Somuenzaniso, kana toreva kuridza, ipapo kazhinji mazano anotaurwa PCM. Kana tsime faira iri compressed, chaiye Software codecs inogona kushandiswa chiratidzo kutendeuka. Uyewo digitaalinen kanyanga yemanyorero transmits chiratidzo kubudiswa Hardware nzira.

Namano anosanganisira vaiona converters anogona vaisanganisa ne modules zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, apo kuona kuti kubereka terevhizheni nhepfenyuro mavhidhiyo gudzazwi aitwe Kuwedzera kune modules kuti vari kushandiswa convert. Muzviitiko zvizhinji zviri pakuraramisa yepamusoro mifananidzo panguva analoginen Mureza kupinda digital kushanduka. Uyewo, vhidhiyo gudzazwi rinoshandiswa kana uchida kushandisa mifananidzo kuti rebei.

TV - harisi chete nzvimbo yezviri kushandiswa mano mune mubvunzo. Kwakakodzera converters zvinosanganisira Somuenzaniso, zviri vatambi CD-ROM nemotokari, uko hwochinja digitaalinen chiratidzo analoginen.

ultrasonic transducers

Next chikamu yakajairika mano - Ultrasound transducer. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti hunomiririrwa namano vane zvakawanda mafomu, uyewo mitemo kushanda. Pakati nevakawanda akasiyana ultrasonic transducers - submersible Unit, rakaitirwa wokushandura mvura kana zvimwe zvokunwa unosvikirwa kuti Ultrasound pane imwe maitikiro. Kombiyuta inogona kushandiswa Somuenzaniso, kushandisa dzakasiyana yokuchenesa zvinhu pakusvibiswa - kupinda nziyo dzokugezera rakashandiswa Unorudzi ultrasonic okuchenesa.

Panewo dzimwe minda mafomu ose pamusoro namano. The ultrasonic transducer inogona kushandiswa kuongorora kuvimbika nedzimwe zvivako, kubatana, tarisa avo kana zvimwe zvinhu kuti kukuvara.

Linear & Achitaurazve Converters

Uchifunga peculiarities zviri kushanda converters vachava kubatsira kuteerera kupatsanura vari dziya pa umo Linear uye kufamba kweropa. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi zvinodiwa vanoratidza zvikuru nheyo zviviri kushanda transducers.

Avo kuti kuva mutsetse, anogona kushanda panheyo analoginen redunhu design, umo vakatendeutswa anonongedzera vari kuumbwa kumhanya wakatsetseka. Achitaurazve convert inoda zvikuru chiratidzo cherudo panguva goho, uye kana zvemukati kugadzira. Zvisinei, kana kuvhiyiwa uku rinoitwa chete nokuda womukati chiratidzo kubudiswa danho, imwe zano rakakodzera zvingaite anongoda chete kuita sezvakaitwa umo Linear transducer kusashanda. Saka, shoko rokuti Linear kana kupomba kunokwanisa kunzi chete akapoteredza uchishandisa nhungamiro kiyi Hardware hurongwa devaysa zvakakodzera mhando.

Achitaurazve Converters vari kushandiswa kunyanya zviitiko apo mukuru-simba chiratidzo kubudiswa Vanzveri sechikamu kwezvivako kushandiswa. Izvi imhaka ndechokuti kunyatsoshanda kuti nhengo mano Muzviitiko zvakadaro kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura kana kuvashandisa kuitira kuderedza simba chiratidzo kugadzira. Chimwe chinhu pakusarudza date sarudzo - activation kuti transformer kana capacitor mano ari kwezvivako akashandiswa, izvo kupomba converters vane Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kugarisana.

Uyewo, iyo Linear transducer - zano rinoshandiswa sechikamu kwezvivako, umo yakaderera-simba chiratidzo kugadzira. Kana pane chikonzero kuderedza ruzha kwakaita nokuda kushanda convert. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kunyatsoshanda kuti mhinduro pasi kukurukurwa guru simba kwezvivako - kwete zvikuru, saka mano aya kazhinji emit yakawanda kupisa kupfuura kurova kwemwoyo converters. Uyezve, avo uremu uye kukura vari yekudyidzana yepamusoro.

Asi, zvakadaro, muna tsika, kushanda transducer pamusoro tichimhanya musimboti kungasanganisira paumbwe ayo kuchinjwa basa iri Linear mufashoni. Saka, asati pakutevedzera runoenzanirana chiratidzo converters ari kwezvivako, vanofanira kufunga kwavo womukati chivako akashandiswa chiratidzo kugadzira redunhu.

kuyera converters

Chimwe chikamu zvinowanzovapo mhinduro - zvinotakura. Chii maitiro avo? Rinofambisa - zano kuti vanogona kumiririrwa mu vakawanda mhando. Chine mashoko anenge Soup kugwinya sezvo divi, uye kuti kuchinja-siyana zvakawanda.

A zvakafanana zvinogona sechinoitika kutoitwa wedunhu runoenzanirana mhando tambo mano, umo chiratidzo chinogadzirwa mumatanho dzakawanda. First graphs anogamuchira, ipapo tinoshandurirwa ukoshi izvo kuyerwa ne, pashure - anove kupinda vamwe anobatsira simba. Somuenzaniso, kana ari analoginen dzakaenzana convert kushandurwa rinoitwa zvemagetsi simba kupinda zvokuimba simba.

Chokwadi, zvavachaita kushandisa akakodzera mhinduro inogona anounzwa chinhu chaizvo chakarondedzera. Kuparadzira kushandiswa kuyera transformations zvinangwa kwesayenzi sechikamu kwezvivako kuti kuedza uye kutsvakurudza. Kunobatanidza kupfuura zvinotakura suitability yavo hanya nokushandiswa kwezvipimo zvatariswa panguva kubudiswa kana kuchinja chiratidzo. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti maitiro izvi hazvigoni nguva dzose kushandiswa mugumo-mushandisi wokutepfenyurisa. kubatanidzwa kwavo, kakawanda kacho kuitwa namano nzira. Munhu kushandisa nhengo chiratidzo converters, anogamuchira kutsvakwa chiratidzo, akaderedzwa dzokushandisa zvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana panguva goho.

Saka, zvingaitwa izvi kazhinji haana kushandiswa sezvo kumira-oga mhando kwezvivako. Ivo chikamu yakawanda akaoma mano - somuenzaniso nekuyera kushandisa michina mukurima. Kuyera converters kazhinji Classified muzvikwata zvikuru maviri - zvepuraimari uye zvenguva. Zvinobatsira kufunga chaizvo zvose.

Kupatsanura pakati transducers: zvepuraimari uye zvenguva dambudziko

Mano vechigaro muchikwata che chikuru, aiwanzoshandiswa sezvo sensors. Kureva kuti, transducers vari, nokuti mumwe kana mumwe chakayerwa ukoshi zvakananga zvinhu. The Soup dzasara semhosva zvenguva. Ivo inoiswa tambo kwezvivako pakarepo pashure wokutanga, uye angava nebasa vazhinji remapazi chokuita yokutendeutsa. Izvo chaizvo kushanda kunogona kuita zvakakodzera chechetere convert mhando chiratidzo? Kune vaya vanobvumwa kuti:

- kuyerwa hwounhu mumuviri siyana tsika;

- yakakwirira kutendeuka pakafunuka;

- kusanduka digitaalinen anonongedzera kuti Analog ndiEzekieri;

- dzichipfekeka transformations.

Cherechedza kuti yakadaro kupatsanura anogona kunzi zvemasanga. Izvi anonyanya nokuti mune mumwe chete tambo huchashandiswa zvinogona vakawanda chepuraimari converters. Chimwe chikonzero nezvacho CONDITIONAL kupatsanura inokurukurwa pamusoro - kuti marudzi akasiyana kuyerwa zvinogona kuitwa pamusoro kwezvivako dissimilar dzemitemo.

The Electro-Manyiminya converters

Chimwe yakakurumbira muminda youpfumi devaysa mhando dzakasiyana-siyana - Erekitironi-Manyiminya convert. He, kufanana nemamwe marudzi mano, takakurukura kumusoro, inogona kumiririrwa mu-siyana zvesimba. Kunobatanidza Electro-Manyiminya converters musimboti kushanda: inosanganisira Implementation pamusoro Kushandurwa asingaoneki chinhu - semuenzaniso, imwe yakavhenekerwa michini, ultraviolet, kana Somuenzaniso, maekisirei, mune zvatinoona chakarondedzera.

The runoenzanirana oparesheni Kazhinji kuitwa mumatanho maviri. On nemwaranzi wokutanga asingaonekwi kwakaitwa photocathode, pashure icho tinoshandurirwa zvemagetsi anonongedzera. Kuti kare muna danho rechipiri riri kuchinjwa kuva mufananidzo chinooneka uye hwakaratidzwa pamadziro. Kana ari tarisisa kombiyuta, chiratidzo anogona kare dzikwanise digital remitemo.

The Electro-Manyiminya converters - mhinduro kuti rakagara richidudzirwa kwave Classified kupinda kumarudzi akawanda. Mano chokuita wokutanga, akaumbwa girazi Vacuum chinu. Mariri dziri pasi photocathode uye anode. Pakati pavo munhu zvinogona musiyano aumbwa. Kana rikashandiswa kune convert mukati ayo optimum voltage vanowanika Erekitironi gogorosi anokwanisa kufunga kuti maerekitironi Rwako.

The converters yedzinza rechipiri Erekitironi kumhanyisa modules varipo, mauri mufananidzo kupenya kunosimudzirwa. In mano yechitatu-chizvarwa zvokuvakisa anoshandiswa, kubvumira kuwedzera aikanganiswa pamusoro photocathode sechinhu chinokosha pakuderedza pamusoro Electro-Manyiminya convert kunopfuura ka3.

Features resistive transducers

Chimwe zvakafanana mhando mano - resistive transducers. Ngationgororei navo kunyanya akadzama.

transducers aya dzakashandisa kushandura zvemagetsi kurwisa ravo kana apindwa imwe measurand. Vanogonawo vaite kuchinja ari chisina kutsetseka uye Linear kufamba. Kazhinji, mashoko converters dziri kushandisa michina mugadziriro kushushikana sensors, tembiricha, pamwero okuvhenekesa, nokuyerwa ari kusimba siyana nemwaranzi. The chikuru zvakanakira resistive transducers

- Kuvimbika;

- kusavapo kuwirirana pakati kwenhoroondo kuyerwa uye kutsiga romugove voltage.

Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana kwenzvimbo mano. Pakati zvikuru nevanhu - tembiricha sensors. Tichadzidza unhu hwavo.

Nemishonga tembiricha detector

The date chiratidzo converters vane zvinoriumba kuti vane hanya ambient tembiricha kuchinja. Kana kwarinobudira, kurwisa yavo inogona ngazviwedzerwe. mano aya dzinoratidzwa kushandisa refu kururama. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanouita zvibvire kushandura tembiricha kuti rakarurama 0,026 Celsius. Senzira mano aya pane zvinhu kubva Platinum - iyi kana kurwisa reshiyo iri pazasi kana mhangura.

Kushandisa resistive sensors kunoratidzwa nuances akawanda. Saka, tinofanira kurangarirwa kuti kumusoro ari excitation ano zviratidzi vanopiwa kune Switch, kuwedzera ayo tembiricha wanda, asi panguva imwe chete, kudziyisa nhengo transducer zvinhu. Muzviitiko zvakawanda ichi chinoita vasanyanye kururama kwaro. Saka Zvinokurudzirwa kuti nechokwadi Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri chokupika ari excitation kuitika kune chaidzo kuyerwa ezvinhu. The kukarukureta anogona kutorwa, somuenzaniso, chafariz conductivity pamusoro svikiro iyo zvinoshanda Switch - mhepo kana mvura. Kazhinji, zvavakabvumirana parameters nokuda excitation dzenzvimbo vari wakasiyiwa Vagadziri ari runoenzanirana mhando sensors. Nokudaro vanogona zvakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana simbi rakaiswa mune mudziyo mamiriro. Uyezve, kana kushandisa sensors mu mubvunzo, zvinokosha kufunga parameter akadai vakaomerwa kukosha uchishandisa ano. Kazhinji, uyewo anoratidza mugadziri.

Resistive sensors - pakati inonyanya marudzi converters vari upfumi. Izvi kukonzerwa kune chinokosha rwokugadzira zvakanakira vazhinji akasiyana navo. Somuenzaniso, kana tiri kutaura pamusoro Thermistors - avo dzinoratidzwa kumusoro nehanya, compactness, pasi uremu. Runoenzanirana mhando sensors angashandiswa kuyera tembiricha iri ezvinhu akasiyana. Kugadzirwa wavo kazhinji hakudi zvinokosha mari. Zvisinei, thermistors vane zvainovhiringidzawo - anonyanya chinhu anokudzwa vasiri linearity, kuitira kuti ivo ingashandiswa tsika ari panzvimbo yakamanikana zvakawanda tembiricha.

Kumbomira mhando converters anonongedzera (mhando dzavo chinangwa ingavakirwa siyana zvinodiwa kuti kupatsanura) zvinonzi nevakawanda kushandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Somuenzaniso, zviri kwebasa rinofanira vakaparadzira tembiricha sensors, dzine ayo maumbirwo iri Platinum uye mhangura zvinoumba zviri murwiyo:

- kudziyisa kwezvivako - kuti kuyera coolant tembiricha zviratidzi pamusoro siyana dzenyika zvokushandisa, uyewo huru mukamuri;

- washing machine - kuti kuyera tembiricha remvura wayo kugadziridzwa dzakasiyana Washing mapurogiramu;

- Iron - yakafanana optimum ironing tembiricha mukati imwe nzira;

- electrotiles, uyewo dzimwe mhando zvokushandisa kubika chikafu - kuti nechokwadi kushanda kwavo pamusoro activation mamwe User modes.

rheostat converters

Chimwe yakakurumbira mhando resistive mano - nemishonga transducers. Pfungwa dzavo nokushanda kunobva kuyera magetsi nemishonga imwe kondakita pasi pokudzora mazano misha. In tsika, transducer ichi zvinosanganisira zvinhu izvo dzakashandisa misha nokuda matambudziko ari measurand. Kakawanda, mudziyo mu mubvunzo vanobatanidzwa voltage vanokamura kana kushandiswa senzira chezvinonhuwira tambo zambuko.

Kana isu kutaura pamusoro unhu kuti munguva rheostat converters, ipapo, zvinosanganisira:

- kusavapo reactive zvainoita chinjwa zvinoriumba;

- yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda;

- diki kukura, kushandisa kwezvivako, kushanda sechinhu chenguva, saka uye rakatumbuka ano.

Panguva iyo resistive transducers ari runoenzanirana mhando hakusi akavimbika nguva dzose uye kazhinji kacho zvinoda kambani chinokosha zvinhu kuramba functionality.