Chii inowanikwa

Human kusakarongeka pamwe kadambari muchina - rinokosha kubatana pezvakaitwa kuti angapedze akashandisa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Saka, chii inowanikwa?

Inowanikwa iri yakatarwa mumuviri uye musoro siyana nekuita pakati munhu zvinoriumba ari michina nzira vari chikamu uchishandisa hurongwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, kutaridza yakananga algorithms uye urongwa kuti kupanana ruzivo pakati zvakamisa hurongwa (akanyatsorongwa inowanikwa mhando), uye kubatanidzwa zvemaziso, panyama uye dzichipfekeka maitiro, izvo kudyidzana kunoitika (panyama inowanikwa mhando).

Sezvo izwi hwakadaro kazhinji kunzi-software uye Hardware, pova ei mudziyo zuva nodes. Kuparadzirwa inowanikwa nyaya dzose mumuviri uye musoro huchashandiswa yekombiyuta anotaura nemashoko zvokunze zvakatipoteredza Somuenzaniso, imwe uchishandisa hurongwa, mushandisi, etc.

Zvatakurukura kuti wakadaro inowanikwa, pfungwa pamwe mhando zvinhu tinoberekwa pavo. Nokudaro, interfaces zvisingapindirani sechivako kubatana, bandwidth uye mashoko yedzimudzangara nzira, uye yaunonyanya kushandisa masimba dzemitemo.

matehwe

Intraengine inowanikwa iri kukurukurirana maitiro uye kubatana zvinoreva uye vamapoka kombiyuta muzvikamu pamwe chete. Kutaura zvazviri, anosanganisa zvemagetsi kwokubatana (waya), dunhu interfacing pamwe zvinoumba kombiyuta uye protocols (algorithms) achipa chiratidzo. Machine inowanikwa, akavapindurawo, rakakamurwa nyore kwakabatana uye muwande. Muchiitiko chokutanga, kubatana zviri PC vezvikwata nemumwe achishandisa waya yemo, uye wechipiri - kushandisa chimwe kana hurongwa bhazi.

External inowanikwa - kombiyuta kukurukurirana gadziriro peripheral mano kana nevamwe makombiyuta. Vanewo rakakamurwa marudzi akawanda: peripheral inowanikwa uye nomumbure inowanikwa. Chokutanga kwakabatana nomukombiyuta ıO bhazi, uye wechipiri - iri gadziriro chiziviso hoc zvakarukwa kana nemhosva-Server Network.

Inowanikwa "Murume-muchina". Mune imwe nzira inonzi user. Chii inowanikwa "murume-kombiyuta"? Inzira naro achimhanya chero basa, ndiko, zviito kuti iwe uite, uye chii chiri mugumisiro. Yakadaro inowanikwa iri aisimbirira munhu, kureva, iye akasangana ake zvavanoda uye kufungawo utera.

Sezvo mushandisi inowanikwa kunopfuura chete munhu afarire, zviri Classified kupinda akawanda subtypes: chikwata, iyo sirika uye WIMP.

Kana murayiro inowanikwa kudyidzana kwevanhu pamwe kombiyuta rinoitwa nokutumira kombiyuta (yemagetsi kombiyuta) vamwe mirayiro, izvozvo anoita kuti ape inodzidzisa zvinodiwa mugumisiro. Its kunogona kuva batch mangé nzira kana murayiro-mutsetse michina.

The Serial inowanikwa rinobvumira kuchinjwa mashoko (ikakuruma kutevedzana) mumwe mutsetse.

Chii inowanikwa sirika? mhando iyi User inowanikwa, riri kupfuura yakafanana dzose pakukurukurirana nevanhu, kureva kuti, kuti munhu wose kukurukura. Saka, kombiyuta inoongorora kutaura wacho uye anowana mairi aida anokosha mitsara pairi kuuraya mamwe mirayiro, achipa munhu mugumisiro mune kunzwisisa nzira kwaari. Izvi rworudzi inowanikwa Rinobatanidzwa yakawanda zvemari outlay, zviri saka kushandiswa Panguva ino chete zvinangwa zvechiuto.

A maitiro chepfungwa WIMP inowanikwa ndechokuti inodzidzisa achiitisa Nhaurirano kombiyuta achishandisa pamahwindo, cursor, hwakajeka mifananidzo uye zvimwe zvinhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira mwero Windows Os inowanikwa.