Chii http: Header?

Shandisai http: headers pane kupanana pamutemo mashoko pakati nemhosva uye Server. ruzivo urwu asingaoneki vanoshandisa, asi hazvibviri pasina yakarurama nokushanda Browser. Kuti munhuwo vanoshandisa ruzivo pamusoro ichi uye pamusoro mabasa http: headers sokuti pane zvakaoma, asi chaizvoizvo havazivi dzine mutauro wakaoma. Zvanzi anotarisana web User zuva nezuva.

Chii http: headers?

"Hypertext Kutamisirwa Protocol" - saka rinoshandurudza http: Header. Nokuda kuvapo kwayo chaizvo, zvichiita kubatana pakati "nemhosva-Server". Kana dzakatsanangurwa zviri nyore, nokuda Browser anotumira chikumbiro, kumharuro kubatana kusvika Server. Last, kubudikidza default, chakamirira munhu chikumbiro kubva nemhosva, kurongedza izvozvo, uye anotuma shure pfupiso kana mhinduro. In search bhokisi, inodzidzisa "muchipinda" nzvimbo kero kuti unotanga http: // uye migumisiro vakawana muchimiro peji wakavhurika.

Kana kudhinda dandemutande kero iri runoenzanirana mutsetse, kuti Browser kunodiwa Server uchishandisa DNS. The Server anoziva http: Header (imwe kana dzakawanda), izvo amutuma mutengi, uye ipapo outputs kuti akakumbira Header. Yakatarwa rine fanira pre-huripo okuremekedza uye haana kuwanikwa.

Kazhinji, http: headers zvakakwana kunobudirira. Havasi kuoneka HTML-Coding, ivo inotumirwa akumbira mashoko. Mazita okuremekedza vakawanda kwaita kutumwa Server. Kuti ugozvitumira PHP, shandisa mashandiro Header.

Browser nekuita Website

Zano nekuita pakati Browser uye nzvimbo iri nyore. Saka, http: Header rinotanga mubvunzo tambo, iyo zvino vakatuma Server. Achipindura, mukuru yeGmail.END_STRONG inoda mashoko anouya. Sezvineiwo, http: dzakati kwemakore gumi nemanomwe - zvikuru kushandiswa paIndaneti. Zviri nyore, yakavimbika, kutsanya uye tigone kushanduka. Huru basa http: - kukumbira mashoko kubva web-Server. The nemhosva iri Browser uye Server - ligthttp, Apache, nginx. Kana kubatana pakati pavo kubudirira, ku-server papiwa mubvunzo anobvisa zvandinenge ruzivo. Http: ruzivo zvinosanganisira wenyaya, okuteerera, mavhidhiyo.

The dzakati zvingava chokufambisa vamwe. yeGmail.END_STRONG chikumbiro ine zvikamu zvitatu:

• pokutangira mutsetse (shoko mhando);
• Header (shoko mikana);
• muviri mashoko (shoko wakapatsanura zvibereko mutsetse).

The Kuvamba mutsetse - a fanira che paminda chikumbiro http: Header. mushandisi chikumbiro mamiriro rinoumbwa chikuru zvikamu zvitatu:

1. Nzira. With inoratidza mhando chikumbiro.
2. Nzira (nzira). mutsetse uyu URL, inozotevera umambo.
3. The dzakati kushandiswa. It rine shanduro dzakati uye http:.

Modern browsers vanoshandisa shanduro 1,1. Zvichiteverwa okuremekedza pamanyorerwo "zita: ukoshi".

HTTP-caching

Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti cache rinopa chekuchengeta zvekudya HTML-mapeji uye mamwe mafaira vari cache (ari kushanda ndangariro hard drive yako). Izvi kuti rikurumidze kupinda kwavari uye kuzodzosera kuponesa bandwidth.

The cache ndiye yeGmail.END_STRONG Browser, ari zvenguva rwesuo uye Marshal Server. Usati kutumira shoko noruoko URL, kuti Browser kuongorora kuti zvinhu zviri cache. Kana chinhu asipo, chikumbiro anotumirwa inotevera Server, umo achiongorora caching http: headers pamusoro nginx Server. Pakashama uye proxies zvinoshandiswa nevanhu vanoshandisa siyana, saka cache iri vakagoverana.

HTTP-caching haagoni chete yekudyidzana rikurumidze kushanda yacho, asi kupa yakare shanduro peji. Tiine nzvimbo cache paakatuma headers kune mhinduro. Izvi arege Zvakachengetwa kare mashoko zvakumbirwa Via https.

Description http: headers

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha cache zvigadziriswe vaiona http: headers anofa. Izvi misoro vari ukataura musi wazvinenge inopiwa muna kufarira mashoko. Ivo inoratidza nguva uye musi kana cache anonzi stale. Somuenzaniso, kwakadaro Header sezvinotevera: Expires: Wen, 30 Nov 2016 13:45:00 GMT. Chivako ichi kushandiswa zvinenge kose, kusanganisira kuti cache mapeji uye mifananidzo. Kana mushandisi anosarudza yakwegura musi, mashoko haringapiwi Zvakachengetwa kare.

Http: Marshal headers vari Header linked muchikwata. Havana Zvakachengetwa kare kubudikidza default. Kuti cache kushanda zvakanaka, URL neimwe inofanira kuenzanirana mumwe pachake zviri. Kana peji rinongoshanda mumitauro miviri, mumwe shanduro anofanira yayo URL. Title zvinosiyana zvichienderana cache mubvunzo zita headers. Somuenzaniso, kana mubvunzo vanoratidza kunobva Browser, kuti Server anofanira kutumira Header. Saka, muna cache zvinochengeterwa shanduro dzakasiyana-siyana kubvunzurudza uye gwaro mhando. Ttp gamuchirai Header kunodiwa kuti kubudisa ndandanda zvichiita zvinogona mari inoshandiswa, naro zvikuru nyore kushanda, sezvo anobvisa basa.

Kune mapoka mana headers vanopfuura panhongonya. Ndivo chikuru misoro - ivo huri upi mushumo server kuti nemhosva, chikumbiro uye mhinduro, uyewo zvisikwa. Yokupedzisira rinotsanangura zviri chero mashoko kubva nemhosva uye Server.

HTTP Header anoonekwa chimwezve mvumo. Kana web-peji anobvunza yeGmail.END_STRONG authentication, kuti Browser anoratidza chinokosha hwindo minda nokuda kupinda User zita uye password. Mushure mushandisi anopinda umboo dzavo, kuti Browser anotumira chikumbiro http:. Rine zita rokuti "mvumo".

How kuona mumapepanhau?

Kuona http: Header, unofanira kuisa chivhariso-dzi kuti browser Somuenzaniso, firefox:

• Firebug. View misoro, unogona Tab mambure (zvakarukwa), apo sarudza zvose (zvose). plugin ichi ane zvinhu zvichava runobatsira padandemutande Developers.
• Live http: headers. Simple chivhariso-nokuda kuona http: headers. With rinogona kunotangira manually kukumbira.
• Members Ghrome achiona mumapepanhau kana ivo tinya pazviruva bhatani, sarudza Developer Tools (mambure mabasa).

Apo chivhariso-dzi vari yakaiswa, kumhanya uye musimbise Browser.

mubvunzo nzira

Nzira inoshandiswa HTTP, vane zvakafanana nemirayiridzo, izvo chinopfuudzwa muchimiro mashoko kusvika Server. Iri ndiro shoko rinokosha mumutauro Chirungu.

• WANA nzira. Rinoshandiswa kukumbira mashoko kubva upfumi. Zvaiva naye zviito zvose kutanga.
• POST. Kushandisa zviri pasi. Somuenzaniso, shoko iri social network kana kutaura, kuti Browser anoisa POST-chikumbiro muviri uye anotumira kuna Server.
• MUSORO. Nzira zvakafanana wokutanga, asi anoita pulmonary ushande. Anobvunza chete Meta-data, kunze pane mashoko. Nzira inoshandiswa, kana vachida kuwana ruzivo pamusoro mafaira pasina kudhanilodha. Chishandisei kana vachida kuedza functionality pakati Links pamusoro Server.
• ISA. Akagutsa humboo pamusoro URL. It transmits yakawanda mashoko.
• AUNGAITA. Kushanda Server configurations.
• URI. Rinoti zvekuvaka uye chine URL.

Mamiriro http: norudaviro

The Server anopindura yeGmail.END_STRONG zvikumbiro nemashoko refu. Mhinduro ine mashoma mitsetse, iyo inoratidza dzakati shanduro, Server mamiriro yekubvuma (200). Iye anotaura chii zvachinja pamusoro Server kuti kubudiswa chauya chikumbiro:

1. "Zana" mamiriro kunoratidza inobudirira kubudiswa mashoko. The Server zvino anotumira gwaro kune munhu anoda kubetserwa. The vamwe chikumbiro mitsetse anoratidza mamwe mashoko pamusoro ruzivo zvitange.
2. Kana faira hauna kuwana kana hakuwaniki, kuti Server anotumira kuti yeGmail.END_STRONG 404, zviri anonziwo chikanganiso.
3. Code 206 anoratidza kukwana faira kudhanilodha, izvo zvinogona ndokutangazve pashure pechinguva.
4. Code 401 inoratidza kurambirwa nemvumo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti peji zvakumbirwa runochengetedzwa imwe pasiwedhi kuti anofanira akapinda kuzosimbisa mukova.
5. The kurambidzwa kubva kupinda, vakati bumbiro 403. Kurambidzwa maonero, kukopa kana mavhidhiyo - zvinowanzoitika paIndaneti.
6. Panewo dzimwe shanduro code: kwekanguva kwebasa akakumbira faira, imwe womukati Server kukanganisa, rokupedzisira kufamba. Panyaya iyi, inodzidzisa zvichabviswa redirected. Kana bumbiro 500, izvo zvinoreva kuti paiva Kukundikana Server oparesheni.

URL - chii?

URL - ndiwo moyo web kwekutaurirana pakati nemhosva uye Server. A chikumbiro kakawanda akatuma nomukombiyuta URL - yunifomu upfumi locator. chikumbiro URL mamiriro iri nyore chaizvo. Inoitwa anoverengeka zvinhu: http dzakati (Header), hoot (Website kero), chiteshi, resourte nzira uye mubvunzo.

The dzakati zvakare kuwanikwa rakachengeteka https nokwauri uye kupanana ruzivo. URL-kero rine ruzivo pamusoro placement imwe nzvimbo paIndaneti. Address rinosanganisira achazoburuka zita, nzira kuti peji, uyewo zita rayo.

The chikuru drawback basa kuti URL - zviri vachinyara kusakarongeka pamwe arufabheti Latin, uyewo nhamba uye zviratidzo. The SEO Optimization Kero URL inoita basa rinokosha.

anobatsira zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika

Active vanoshandisa makombiyuta uye Developers havasi nzvimbo tinyatsoziva vamwe zano nenyanzvi yakapiwa nyanzvi mumunda:

• Kunoratidza yapfuura mazuva mafaira uye magwaro, pasi inogadziridza. Statistical mashoko inopiwa pamatunhu netsika Max-zera.
• A yoga gwaro anofanira kuva dziripo URL imwe chete.
• Kana update faira kuti kutorwa ne inodzidzisa, kushandura zita uye kubatanidza kwairi. Izvi zvinoita kuti dhanilodhi itsva, pane chikare gwaro.
• Last-Modified headers kunofanira kuenderana varipo musi wekupedzisira kuchinja zvirimo. Haafaniri resave mapeji uye magwaro, kana musina kushanduka navo.
• Shandisa POST-chikumbiro chete apo zvichidikanwa. Kuderedza basa pamwe SSL.
• Headers vasati vaendesa Server vanofanira kumisa plugin REDbot.