Biography uye mabasa Sylvia Plath

The pfupi, yakajeka upenyu nyanduri Sylvia Plath makore 50 excites pfungwa nevoruzhinji. kunamata kwake, yeuka nokukudzwa. Kunyange zvazvo nhaka yake ndiyo chete vaviri mabhuku nhetembo uye rimwe yokufungidzira, hupenyu hwake uye basa zvakanyorwa wandei dhazeni mabhuku uye kunyange filmed.

makore okutanga

Munyori ramangwana akaberekwa October 27, 1932. Childhood Sylvia Plath kwakaitika pasi chiratidzo achikudza uye kuremekedza baba vake. Aiva purofesa pana Boston University, rinozivikanwa muongorori nyuchi, mubvakure kubva kuGermany uye ane anomanikidza chaizvo murume. The musikana aiva pasi ake chakasimba, paakaziva iye saMwari. Amai Sylvia aiva muduku zvikuru kupfuura murume wake, iye akabva Austria uye vakashanda somudzidzisi German kuBrooklyn chikoro.

baba vangu vaishanda zvikuru, uye amai vake aiva munun'una Sylvia, akanga achirwara zvikuru, uye vakawanda nguva musikana akapiwa parizvino. Iye vaishuva kuwana rudo nababa vake uye akawana kuti nzira bedzi - kudzidza "kugonesesa". Paakanga ava namakore masere, baba vake vakafa. Akatambudzwa cheshuga, asi chokwadi pachake kuti iye, akaita shamwari yake, kenza rokupedzisira pachikuva, uye naizvozvo regai kutsvaka kurapwa. Kana neronda rinonyenga vakabata gumbo, mudzimai wake achiri vakasimbirira kurapwa, asi kuvhiya kwakanga kubudirira, uye Otto Plath akafa. For Sylvia akanga chakaipisisa kuvhunduka, ainzwa kurasikirwa ichi kwemakore, achiti kuti akanga atadza kutaura naMwari. Musoro kurasikirwa achava kukosha pashure kuti muripo, 1962, iye achava kunyora nhetembo "Baba", umo iye akapomera baba vake kuti iye akasiya naye.

mazuva School

Pashure murume afa, Aurelia Plath akamanikidzwa kushanda zvakaoma, hukama mwanasikana iye asingadi kuva pashure Sylvia achati kuti ruvengo akanzwa kuti mai. Mhuri akatamira Wellesley, uye musikana akaenda kuchikoro Bradford, apo vose makore kwave mudzidzi yakanakisisa. Akandiitira penya kubudirira mumutauro Chirungu, kunyanya iye akakwanisa mabasa okusika, sezvo iye akanga ari mupepeti pepanhau yechikoro.

Kubva achiri muduku musikana yakaratidza tarenda kuva munyori, kare masere nemakore nhetembo okutanga Plath yakabudiswa mupepanhau. With kwemakore 11 akanyora nyaya dzose uye akavatuma magazini US. Pakazopera wechikoro iye watopiwa zvakanyorwa pamusoro shanu dhazeni pfupi nyaya, iro 9 dzakabudiswa. Uyezve, musikana kuratidza vimbiso painting, iye kunyange akahwina mubayiro iri unyanzvi makwikwi. With makore 12 iye aigara ari dhayari umo kunyora zvavanofunga uye upenyu zviitiko.

Kuenda College

Pashure chikoro, Sylvia Plath akakwanisa kuwana bhezari kuti zvakakurumbira Smith College mu Massachusetts. Akafara, vachitarisira kuchinja hunofadza, asi kukoreji aiva achiri kuda kunzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, izvo ndisingadi kushivirira tarenda rake uye kusiyana. diaries yake iyi inoratidza kuti pamakore Silvia akamborara chikuru rokusika nechido, ane zvakawanda drafts ose nhetembo uye nyaya pfupi, vakawanda pfungwa, achironga ramangwana.

Romunda okugadzira zvinhu munguva pfupi iri vaine maererano, mufananidzo. Ari kushanda musi yakawanda wokufananidzira unyanzvi, kuedza kusika akakwana rugwaro. Kubvira muna 1950, aigara rinobudisa nyaya, nyaya pfupi uye nhetembo mumagazini nemapepanhau panguva senyika. Panguva iyoyo akadzidza sowakajeka, kubva rechipiri gore mapurofesa zvose vaiva naye vari kunomufadza. Silvia anogamuchira ngaakubvumirei, uyewo kuhwina Mademoiselle magazini mumakwikwi mumwedzi internship mu New York. Iye akashanda semunhu freelance wenhau, uye zviitiko mwedzi uku vanoumba hwaro wake yokufungidzira "The Bell mudziyo".

Huta kuneta uye kuedza kuzviuraya yokutanga

Pasinei nokuti chirongwa akabudirira, Sylvia akadzoka achibva New York mu wakaputsika ezvinhu. Iye mwoyo, anorasikirwa kukwanisa kunyora uye kunzwa kwavo wakaisvoipa neMhedziso. Zvose izvi akabatanidza nokuti iye chakarambwa mukana kuenda kuburikidza kosi yezhizha paHarvard, uye kudzidza muna Smith College, iye vasina bhezari, uye iye akamanikidzwa kutamira kune rushoma repamusoro kukoreji Lawrence. izvi zvose mupfungwa vakapedzwa Sylvia. Her Unhu pachako uye nepfungwa dzakanga zvokuti aigona kuita chete kuunza amene kuva manyemwe. Iye zvakakwana zvichishandurwa sezvo zviitiko upenyu kuti ikava njodzi.

Summer 1953 vachange zvinozotaurwa Sylvia kuti yokufungidzira, apo akaudza kuti aisagona panguva ino kufunga, kunyora, kutaura nevanhu. August 24, iye kuedza kuzviuraya. Iye Inomedza akarara mapiritsi, asi anorasikirwa kuziva uye haana nguva kutevera kuburikidza. Her kununurwa uye kutumwa chepfungwa kiriniki. Kudzorerwa Sylvia Plath aida rose gore. Akanga pasi kunorwadza electroshock kurapwa, uye patsime 1954, akadzokera munhu kwaye chimiro uye kunyange anosarudza kudzokera kuchikoro. Anokwanisa kuziva hope uye kuenda kosi yezhizha paHarvard. Mugore iroro anova shamwari muna Richarda Sassuna.

Cambridge

Kupedza zvidzidzo zvake ari kukoreji, Sylvia anonyora kunoshamisa chinyorwa pamusoro duality mu basa Dostoevsky raMwari. basa iri rakanga chaizvo, uye zviri kuramba zvidzidzo ake kuCambridge. University akaita musikana yakanaka chaizvo pfungwa, akanga achida kudzidza, ari kuita kuchikoro mumutambo. Iye anokuvadza chete zvikuru kwezvakatipoteredza - kubva Chirungu kunze zvakawanda achirwara kuti saps wake simba. Panguva ino zviri kumirira kurwadza - Richard Sassoon, naye iye vakapedza kudanana zororo Paris, ndakasarudza kurega ukama naye. Sylvia anonetseka kwazvo, asi iye achaponeswa nebasa: iye akanyora zvakawanda nhetembo, yakabudiswa nyaya, pfupi nyaya. Silviya romunda, ane mabhuku mune ramangwana, vakamirira nyika mbiri, nguva dzose kuwana kusazvivimba, uye basa rake, izvi zvakaita kuti nokufamba wayo kumunetsawo.

domesticity

In yechando 1956, iye akasangana muduku nyanduri Ted Hughes, vaviri vakava pedyo chaizvo, iri vanyori rwawana zvakafanana, izvi zvose zvakaita kuti rudo. Uye muchirimo, vechiduku pavanoroorana, vanopedza muchirimo Spain, uye ipapo vakadzokera Cambridge. Sylvia panguva ino kwete chete kudzidza, asiwo, chaizvoizvo, ndiye munyori wake. Iye kunomubatsira kubudisa bhuku, uye kuwana mubayiro rokutanga nhetembo of New York Centre.

Pasi pokudzora wake vakaumba imwe mudetembi yepakutanga Silviya romunda, vane mabasa kupfeka matswa uye akakwana chimiro. Panoperera vaviri yezvidzidzo akatamira kune USA, umo Sylvia aishanda somudzidzisi. Basa iri ndiro kunetesa uye pasava kusika.

Muna 1959, vaviri vakadzokera Britain kubva chokwadi kuti Sylvia aiva nepamuviri, uye Hughes aida mwana akaberekwa munyika yemadzitateguru ake. Rakaoma nguva vakadzi - pamuviri - rakaoma nokuti nyanduri kuoma ukama nemhuri wake, kunyanya hanzvadzi yake.

Muna 1960, Sylvia akabereka mwanasikana panguva iyoyo, iye chibvumirano kuti bhuku rimwe bhuku nhetembo The Colossus & Other Poems. Time basa vasina, uye kubhadhara kunetseka chaizvo nezvazvo. Zvisinei, nokuda 1961, inobereka itsva mutinhimira upenyu, uye zvino iye anonyora mangwanani, apo vanhu vakarara, uye ashanyirwa kufambira yokusika - iye akanyora dzakatevedzana rose nhetembo uye nyaya pfupi.

nganonyorwa

Pakupera 1961 Sylvia anopiwa ngaamuitire kunyora yokufungidzira yake yokutanga. Sezvo iye ari kushanda iri bhuku kwemazuva 70. Saka nyika aiva muenzaniso novelist nezita Silviya romunda. "The Bell chirongo" - mumwe yokufungidzira kuti ichava kanosvota chaiwo, asi pashure yemunyori rufu. Bhuku iri rakabudiswa pasi rekunyepedzera, nekuti yakanga yakawanda autobiographical. Roman achaita vakazoroorwa kupa semuromo evakadzi, bhuku achaparadzwa republished, uye kuzodzosera kudzidza. Asi Sylvia akanga asingakwanisi kurarama kuti kupembera.

Zvinosuruvarisa magumo

Mumatsutso 1962 mudetembi, akanga adzidza pamusoro wake kusavimbika, mafaira kurambana uye akasiyiwa nevana vake vaviri muimba kuchitonhora. Sylvia Plath nhetembo iyi nguva anobudisa hwakasimba manzwiro mukadzi, iye ari kutambudzwa nokuda womurume wake kusavimbika. Chinenge chikamu chimwe vachimedza akanyora 26 nhetembo, izvo zvichaita munguva posthumous kuunganidzwa "Arieri".

The psyche haagoni kukunda voltage, uye February 11, 1963, iye akazviuraya nokunwa munhu akarara piritsi uye gassed. Izvi zvakakonzera migumisiro Sylvia Plath: yakawanda vasikana kunge vakaedza kuzviuraya, kunyanya, mwene Teda Hyuza, waakawana pashure Sylvia, akazviuraya saizvozvo.

The unyanzvi nhaka Sylvia Plath

Akararama makore chete 30, Sylvia akasiya vashoma asi zvinokosha chaizvo nhaka. Her nganonyorwa uye diaries achiripo anopfuura rimwe Re-kusunungurwa. Muna US dzenhoroondo vanyori ichangobva akatora Silviya romunda. "Winter Landscape ne rooks", "Baba", "The November kumakuva", "kutarisirwa mangwanani" uye dzimwe nhetembo ndiwo kuzvikudza mabhuku American kusvikira nhasi. Silviya romunda (FB2, TXT, PDF - zvinogona dzaunogona kukopa wake bhuku) haisi chaizvo zvinozivikanwa kuRussia, asi kwemakore kukurumbira kwayo munyika yedu iri kuramba ichiwedzera.