Bender Fortress: kare, mapikicha, rwokuparidza

Kunoshamisa Monument kuti kuzvidzivirira mavakirwo XVI remakore ndiye Bender Fortress. Photos of nhare ichi, uyewo mashoko anofadza pamusoro mapeji aro akapfuma munhoroondo, uchaona munyaya ino.

Bender: nheyo guta uye kuvakwa wakakombwa

Bender guta yakatanga kumwe pakutanga XV remakore. Pakutanga rakatumidzwa Tighina (zviya, Romanians uye vokuMoldova vamwe vanouti kudaro vachiri). Nezvekwakabva nzvimbo zita riri vangangoora chokuita neshoko "kunze", sezvo nzvimbo akasvika pedyo chikuru kuyambuka Dniester.

Yakazopiwa zita rokuti guta riri vokuTurkey Bender, yava akakunda nyika vomuungano 1538. Ndivo chete makore maviri gare gare, uye akatanga kuvaka simba nhare pano. Kunyange zvinozivikanwa kuti pamberi Bender vaiva kuzvidzivirira mapazi ari Moldavian King Shtefana Velikogo.

Bender nhare ndiye akasika yakakurumbira mapurani Sinan, uyo panguva yake refu (anenge makore zana) upenyu akavaka zvivakwa pamusoro mazana matatu mukati ipapo hweTurkey. In yaimbova USSR pane imwe shongwe mapurani rakanyorwa ake - a Mosque Han-Jami muna Yevpatoria.

Haripindiki nhare Bender

Evliya Çelebi, yakakurumbira Turkish mufambi ari XVI remakore, zvinotipa tsananguro yokutanga nhoroondo wakakombwa iri Transnistrian guta. Bender Fortress chaiwo Western European nhare nhare mhando. kuvaka Its vakatanga anenge pakarepo pashure kupinda muguta zvengarava. Guta rose iri kutanga takapoteredzwa rakadzika nomugero uye yakakwirira mugodhi. The chaizvo chete nhare, izvo ravanofanira nzvimbo akakura 67 hectares, iri muzvikamu zviviri: okumusoro.

Nokuda kwayo nzvimbo, Bender nhare yazova anokosha inokosha pfungwa kwemakore akawanda. Chinonyanya kukosha kwayo airidza panguva Russian-Turkish hondo.

Nhoroondo Bendery nhare anoyeuka nokuedza kuda kuvata naye. Zvisinei, vakawanda vavo vakanga kubudirira. Kusvika 1770s nhare yaiva zvachose haripindiki.

The nhare munguva Russian-Turkish hondo

Panguva Russian-Turkish hondo mauto Russian, sezvo tichiziva, katatu vachitora sokuronga ichi chinokosha nhare pamahombekombe ari Dniester. First kutora Bendery nhare rakaitwa 1770. Operation, urwo rwakatora mazuva anopfuura 60, rinotungamirirwa muPerth Panin. Vavengi akakwanisa kuparadza mumwe shongwe wenhare, pashure izvo Russian yaaigara. Munguva kubatwa wakakombwa Bender akauraya kusvika 30% hondo yose Panina - varwi vanenge zviuru zvitanhatu. Zvisinei, chinangwa akanga kubudirira panopera September 1770, gore Russian muchiuto bhendi muna Bendery panhare nezvokudzokera mu kubatwa kwayo.

By munzira, Russian Empress Catherine II akatsoropodza kukunda iyi, achihudana Pyrrhic kukunda. Kunyange zvakadaro, hweOttoman Empire, kurasikirwa chinhu ichi kwaikosha idambudziko chairo.

Tevera kupinza Bender Fort Russian kwakaitika muna 1789 uye 1806. Asi zvose vakaenda pasina ropa. Saka, muna 1789 hondo Russian achitungamirirwa Grigoriya Potomkina akarikunda pasina kurwa, uye muna 1806 - munhare rakanga ratorwa somugumisiro manomano uye pfumbamuromo Turkish ravarwi aimurinda nayo.

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, Russian-Turkish Hondo yakapera zvikuru nokuda hweTurkey. Pashure pokupedza kudzidza Russia akawedzera simba rayo panyika yose Bessarabia.

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro Bender Fortress

With ichi mapurani Monument uye rusvingo inobatanidzwa yakawanda dzinonakidza chokwadi, izvo zvinokwezva vashanyi kuimba yemauto. Heano mamwe acho:

• Bender nhare akazadzisa ayo kuzvidzivirira nerevane kusvikira pakupera kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri! Kunyange nhasi, zviri akamira pedyo reuto of harimboonekwi wehurumende - ari Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic.
• Nhare anodzivirira muna 1709 wokuUkraine Hetman Ivan Mazepa uye Swedish King Charles XII, uyo akatiza mushure kukundwa pa Poltava. nokukurumidza uye Mazepa akafa pano, kumucheto Bender, mumusha Varnita.
• With kuitwa pakati Bendery nhare wakakodzera muna 1711, vanonzi muEurope remitemo rokutanga - the Constitution Pilipa Orlika, uyo aiva mutsivi wemufi Mazepa.
• In Bendery nenhare yatovapo Torture Museum - chete muna Transnistria.

Munchausen kuti tsanga muchivanze nhare Bendery

Havasi vose vanoziva kuti yakakurumbira muvambi uye mushingi Baron Munchausen - ichi haisi vemungano hunhu. Munhu akadaro, pasi chete zita, ipapo zvechokwadi. Baron Munchausen kubva German Bondenverdera ari pakati XVIII remakore, akashanda muuto wokuRussia uye akatora chikamu mune kubatwa wokuRussia Bakhchisarai, Perekop, Khotin uye Yevpatoria. Asi pano pane kutora eRussia Bendery nhare panguva ino, uye Baron akava chapupu.

Kazhinji, munhu storyteller Munchausen nyore "ngadzibhururuke" riri yakakurumbira musimboti chero Fort Europe. Asi Bender chokutanga sobrazili kuti zvinogona zvinobudirira kushandiswa kuziva nhoroondo iyi. In muruvazhe Bendery nhare akasimbisa kwazvo kunozivikanwa kanoni bhora, izvo nendege Saxon Baron.

Current chinzvimbo uye vavakezve Bendery nhare

Muna 2008 vakatanga amboronga guru-pamwero rokuvakazve wakakombwa. Mugore iroro munyika Bender akapedza chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo waivako nokutora Bender nhare. Panguva nhare akaronga mukoto wokubwinya Russian, makasimbiswa Pilipa Orlika Constitution monument, uyewo yakakurumbira Baron Munchausen.

Panguva nhare zvino unoshanda maviri miziyamu: wokutanga - rudzi Museum nokurwadziswa, uye wechipiri kuziva nezvenhoroondo Bendery wakakombwa. Sezvo mumatsutso 2012 nokuti vashanyi chirangaridzo chitoro, apo, zvikurukuru, zvinokwanisika kutenga muumbozha Ceramics nehuni, chinoitwa vemunzvimbo mhizha.

In kuwa 2013 vakatanga chikuru rokuvakazve nhare Bendery rechipiri. Zvikurukuru, takatanga basa riri kudzorerwa mapurani kunzwisisa pakati shongwe maviri. Uyezve, vaimbi aisiya ari omukati Nhare temberi Aleksandra Nevskogo. Zviya, ichi ndicho gore vaivapo kukura emuchina raiva kupfuura: muna 2013 munhare akashanyirwa pamusoro 14 zviuru vanhu.

Muna 2014 iri mundima zvakaoma achava mukuru kupfura siyana, apo nzvimbo dzose dzinogona kushanda pamharadzano kupfura uta kana crossbow, uye sokuti chaiyo Ages murwi. Mugore iroro basa rakatanga musi kudzorerwa pasi wakakombwa. Today Bender Fortress iri kuramba ichiva anokwezva nzvimbo kuenda. Chinhu bedzi anogona kuvhiringidza vashanyi pano - iri reuto vakamira pedyo. Kunyange zvazvo varwi kare wajaira vashanyi.

Bender Fortress akabatwa pamusoro inoratidza uye Banknotes sezvo Republic of Moldova uye Transnistrian mutungamiri. Saka, Dombo chinogona kuoneka yacho iri 100 lei zvomuMoldova uye 25 Transnistrian rubles. Mukuwedzera, nhare anoratidzwa pamusoro chirangaridzo 100-Ruble mari wakabudiswa muna Transdniestria muna 2006.

Bender Fortress karwendo, ukuwo

Gore negore vakawanda vashanyi vanobva pedo uye kure kunze chinokwezva guta Bendery. Ichokwadi, musimboti muganhu ndiro zita yakakurumbira Bendery nhare. Karwendo kuti nhare - ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yokudzidza pamusoro kupfuura hunonakidza mapeji enhau aro.

Fort Bender wokuti munhu wose anoda. Anoshanda ose zuva kubva 9 am kusvika 18:00. Mari kubvuma kundima wakakombwa ndiyo 25 Transnistrian rubles. Zvinokosha kucherechedza zviviri zvinokosha nuances: Chokutanga, muripo chinogona kuitwa chete currency of harimboonekwi zvokuvhoterwa, uye chepiri mitengo kubvuma kuti vamiririri dzimwe nyika - achava kaviri sezvo mukuru.

Nhare inogona akarayira uye runobudirira, mutengo achizosiyana kubva 50 kusvika 150 Transnistrian rubles (zvichienderana boka kukura uye nguva kupfuura karwendo). Munguva ichangopfuura, nhare akava zvichiita kuti arayire dzinomutungamirira, Chirungu kutaura. Zvisinei, nokuti basa rakadai dzimwe vashanyi kubhadhara imwe 25 rubles.

Bender Fort Museum of Torture

Pane ari munharaunda Bendery wakakombwa nemamwe wayo kugutsikana Museum - Museum of Torture. Chakazarurwa zvino uno matsutso 2012. miziyamu Izvi zvinoratidza Ages zvombo, maturusi uye kwakakwidibira dzakabatana zvakasiyana-siyana kutambudza. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti muripo yoga kuti pamukova miziyamu ichi hachisi zvakakodzera.

Pfungwa kuumba munhu miziyamu zvakadaro nhare vashandi vakaberekerwa pakarepo, pashure kushanyira mumwe wenhare shongwe. Sezvazvakanyorwa anozivikanwa, akanga kare mujeri nokuda kuduku mbavha uye evapambi. The shongwe ichiri akachengetedzwa mazambiringa ngetani uye nezvisungo vasungwa. Vakakurumidza akawedzera zvekumwe nhumbi mashomanana vanotiza, uye mugumisiro uri miziyamu iri shongwe. Nhasi, vashanyi kuona pano pokubvunzurudzwa cheya, kolenodrobilku, plunges mbudzi uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvinotyisa.

In mhedziso ...

Bender Fortress - yakasiyana nedzimwe nhare shongwe south-kumabvazuva Europe. Akavaka shure muna 1540, gore iye ruzivo hwake inonetsa zviitiko zvakawanda. Nhasi nhare - ndiyo nevakawanda nzvimbo nzvimbo muna Transnistria.