Banking Law

Mutemo webhangi isiri yakasiyana yemitemo yemutemo. Basa rayo rinosanganisira mutemo wehukama hwehukama hune chokuita nemabasa eCentral Bank (CB) uye mabhandi ekutengeserana.

Mutemo webhangi unosanganisira mutemo wehurumende uye wezvemari. Mitemo yehurumende inosanganisira mutemo wekuumbwa uye mabasa emabhangi semasangano ezvokutengeserana, uyewo ukama pakati pevateresi uye masangano emarikiti. Mitemo yemari yemitemo inoshandisa mazano ehurongwa hwekwereti, sarudza hutano hweCentral Bank (CB) yeRussia Federation, inotarisira ukama huripo pakati peCentral Bank uye mabhandi ekutengeserana.

Chero rebazi rezvemitemo rinogona kuonekwa sechinhu mumutemo wose-weRussia, sayenzi yepamutemo, uyewo sekudzidzisa kudzidzisa.

Kukosha kwepamutemo kwehutano hwehukama munzvimbo iyi hunotsanangurwa nehupfumi hwezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi hwemabasa ehupfumi hwenyika mune imwe nguva yenguva. Murairo wehukama, pamwezve, ine nzira dzakananga dzemutemo.

Mutemo webhangi sechirango unomiririrwa nehutano hwezivo. Ichi chakaoma chinogadzirwa nesayenzi uye chinodzidziswa maererano neurongwa uye nedzimwe nzira mumusangano wezvidzidzo.

Mutemo webhangi webhangi unosanganisira matanho matatu makuru:

1. Subsectors (somuenzaniso, mari yemari).
2. Masangano epamutemo segadziriro yemitemo yepamutemo yakagadzirirwa kutonga ukama huripo hwechimwe chimiro (somuenzaniso, sangano renzvimbo dzisina mari).
3. Maitiro emutemo webhangi. Iyi shanduro yemitemo yepamutemo ine zvose zvayo. Pamwe neizvi, panewo zvimwe zvakasiyana. Saka, kwete mutemo webhangi chete unogona kutonga ukama hwebhangi nemitemo yayo. Kune mamwe maindasitiri, maitiro ayo anoshandiswa mukugadzirisa mabasa emabhangi. Kunyanya, dzinosanganisira mari, hurumende, mutero, hutungamiri uye mamwe maindasitiri.

Mitemo yemitemo (kubhengisa) ine chimiro chechimiro chakatsanangurwa, inogadzirisa mabasa uye kodzero dzezvinyorwa muhukama hwebhangi, uye kugadzirisa nzvimbo yavo (yemutemo). Kubvumirana nemitemo inosimbiswawo nekukwanisa kushandisa zvigaro (kushandiswa kwekusimbisa).

Mitsara yemutemo webhangi ndeyekuunganidza kwekunze kwemafomu. Zvinorongedzerwa zviri pachena uye zvine mitemo yekutonga muhukama hwevanhu.

Nzira yezvinobva mumutemo webhishopu weRussia inosanganisira Mutemo weRussian Federation, mitemo yenyika yose yeRussian Federation, mitemo yemitere interethnic, zvisarudzo zveRussia Constitutional Court, nemitemo yebhangi.

Izvozvo zvinosanganisira mitemo iri kuCentral Bank, mabasa emabhangi, kubhadhara (insolvency) yezvikwereti zvikwereti uye mamwe mabasa ekutonga.

Zvinyorwa zvinofanirawo kusanganisira mitemo yemo mukati memabhangi emabhangi. Saka, muCentral Bank - izvi ndizvo zvinorayirwa, mirayiridzo uye mirayiridzo inobvumirwa kune masangano ehurumende muhurumende yehurumende, vanhu vose vemuviri, vepamutemo, miviri muhurumende yega yega.

MuRussian Federation, bhaganisheni yehurumende inomiririrwa nehutano huri maererano nemitemo yakananga, uye nemitemo yepamutemo inotongwa muhukama hwevanhu. Ukama hukama munyaya ino hunoitwa mukugadzirisa nekudzivirira mabhengi, kushandiswa kwemabasa nemabhangi, pamwe nekuunza (kukanganisa mitemo yemutemo unobvumirwa) kupiwa mhosva.

Mukushanda kwekushanda kwehurongwa hwakataurwa pamusoro apa, ukama huri pakati pevatori vayo hunogona kusimbiswa nenzira mbiri. Muchiitiko chekutanga, hukama hwepamutemo hunonzi huripo. Ukama hunosimbiswa pakati peCentral Bank yeRussia nevamwe vanobatanidzwa mubhengi rebhangi. Muchiitiko chechipiri, hukama hwepamutemo hunonzi huripo. Zvinosanganisira kutaurirana pakati pevatengi uye masangano emarikiti, uyewo pakati pezvikwereti zvezvikwereti.