Attractions Afghanistan: tsananguro uye mapikicha

Chii kuona Afghanistan, imwe nyika nomunhu kare chaiko, kubvira mujinga hwePezhiya? Vamwe nemagariro zvinokwezva ehurumende vari anotaurwa munhoroondo zvinyorwa kubva nguva idzodzo. Asi vakawanda Kurwisana ndakaita nyika kusagadzikana mune vnutrennepoliticheskom kuremekedza, uyewo kukanganisa nhaka tsika. Mozhestvo Afghanistan zvinotyisa vakadzorerwa. Nhasi ndivo yakazaruka veruzhinji. Funga Afghanistan zvinokwezva kuti vashanyi wongororo.

mapindu pamusoro Babur

Imwe yakakurumbira zvinotyisa zviri Afghanistan inorondedzerwa yokutanga yezana remakore rechi16 uye riri mu mana millionth guta guru Afghanistan - Kabul. Babur mapindu dzakavakwa pamusoro guva mambo mukuru Babur, uyo ainzi kuvambwa baba imba youmambo, ivo Mughals. Garden ndiye chepiramidhi 15 tenuka. The guva iri pachena mhepo pazuva rechi14 chinjiri. It chakagadzirwa chena machena, masvingo aro akarikomberedza.

remakore rechi20 Babur Gardens zvakaipa vakakanganisa, asi 2002 aiva gore kuberekwazve. The Afghan Bazi Culture, inobva basa British musoja-Artist Charlza Messona, kushanda ake Rondedzero uye anoenderana remakore rechi19. 1842 akauya kuparadzwa kwenyika, munda akakwanisa kudzoka, asi kuvakwazve kusvikira manakiro mutongi Amir Abdurrahman Khan. Somugumisiro, bindu vakava akanyatsosiyana rakasiyana mufananidzo yepakutanga: dzakavakwa Palace of Queen uye nechepakati metende.

Hondo 1979-1989 akakonzera chihombe kuvadza paki: Zvivako zhinji zvakaparadzwa, uye miti vakatema. Munguva ichangopfuura, muna 2011, Gardens pamusoro Babur vakanga kunatsiridzwa zvachose uye ikava paruzhinji paki.

Balkh

Guta Balkh, iye Wazirabad, vaiona mumwe mukuru uye kupfuura kare maguta zvenyika yekare. nzvimbo veguta akanaka chaizvo zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika. Pachinzvimbo ibwe murenje uye makomo akatambanudzira munda wakaorera. Wazirabad ndiro guta rokutanga akavamba Indo-Aryans. In remakore yekare Balkh chikapenya mosques uye muBhudha dzemamongi. Nechekare panguva kubudirira Silk Road guta raiva nevanhu vanhu mamiriyoni 1.

Pasinei zvaibiwa kwakaenderera kubudikidza navaArabhu ari V-VI emakore AD, Katya uye moguls, Marco Polo akataura nezvake se "guru uye vakakodzera muguta." XVI-XIX emakore. guta takarwara kurwisana nezvombo pakati penyika nhatu: Persia, Afghanistan, uye Bukhara khanate. Asi munhoroondo guta, haisi peji rokupedzisira hondo. The rechi20 Zvivako remakore vakabva yekare, asi chechi uye chikamu nhare masvingo eguta.

Arch of Jam

Imwe nzvimbo dzinonakidza muna Afghanistan runoonekwa kuva 65-mita Arch. An dzinonakidza chokwadi ndiye kushaya munhu nharaunda anoverengeka makiromita remaguta makuru. Kuzomisa chivako kugona gurdskomu Giyazov Sultan-al-Din mukupera remakore rechi12. Chivako Kunoonekwa munhu akunde Ghaznavids. Basic zvinhu - kupiswa chidhinha, izvo zvakakwana akachengetedza vanodhirowa uye Ndima Koran pamusoro Arch kusvikira nhasi.

Isa mberi shanduro kuti Arch - chete pakuvaka guta rekare, iro kwakasvika mazuva edu. City, nokuzvikudza vakaita zita "Blue City" uye yakaparadzwa nemauto ari eMongolia pasi Genghis Khan rokutanga yezana remakore rechi13. Sezvo nzvimbo yeguta racho akanganwa anenge 700 apfuura. It akakwanisa kudzosera ruzivo kuti British geographer Thomas Holdichu.

Zvisinei, maererano zvichangobva kudzidzwa, angaramba kuvapo shanduro guta. Pictures kubva muchadenga uye kudzidza Nzvimbo kusvika zvinopesana. Ndima iri kusagadzikana uye ichinetsa kuwana nemhaka Geological ezvinhu uye asingagoni kuraramisa guta nhare uye mosques. Muna 43 wekupedzisira remakore vakaitwa mifananidzo rokutanga Arch of Jam, uye gare gare gore - wokutanga zvakanyorwa munhoroondo nyaya. The Arch akanga akanyorwa ari UNESCO World Heritage Site muna 2002.

Hindu Kush makomo

Unogona kuona zvinotyisa vazhinji Afghanistan aimiririra mune siyana Directories. Somuenzaniso, pamakomo Hindu Kush. Vane inozivikanwa richisvika dzakafanana neeSultan gomo, yokusvika nekukwirira pamusoro 7,500 mamita. Vagari misha yakawanda upenyu hwake voga kubva vamwe. Kutama kumwe chinogona kupiwa kuti chando inonyunguduka, chichisunungura pemipata.

Kana ukasarudza kushanyira ichi kukwezvana Afghanistan gomo runako Rondedzero uchava nesimba kuita. Sezvo hazvibviri kutsanangura ngozi inovandira panzvimbo pavo. Dzakawanda kudengenyeka amplitude 5-6, avalanches uye rockfalls kuti Hindu Kush nzvimbo ngozi chaizvo. The yakakwirira - Tirich Mir, kana "Mambo Rima," sezvo panodamwa veko. All nokuti kuti chikamu Vakhania megomo iri yayo mumvuri nguva dzose. Pano kutanga Kabul uye Indus nzizi. Chokutanga akapa zita guru.

Nokudzidza wongororo pamusoro zvinokwezva Afghanistan, asi pamusoro pamakomo iwayo, tinofanira kutaura chinhu mapurani Monument - the Salang mugero, akaita zvakananga mumatombo. On chikumbiro, kuti vashanyi kushanyira matombo nomumakomba mamongi echiBuddha mumupata rwizi Tejen.

Palace Darul Aman

Mid-1920s kwakaratidzwa Afghanistan kupedza kuvaka youshe Dar Ul-Aman, kuvakwa raisanganisira ezvivako German. Mumuzinda inomirira kuwana rusununguko naMambo Amanullah. Muna 1919, basa rakatanga pamusoro pokumuka woruwa itsva - kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira pari Kabul. Pakutanga zvakanga akaronga kuzomisa 70 zvivako muEuropean manyorerwo, uye makore matatu gare gare basa akabvumirwa namambo mutsva.

Kwemakore manomwe, iye akakwanisa kuvaka miviri chete mizinda, mumwe iyo - Darul Aman. Pashure rimwe gore, kuvakwa rakaguma nokuda Kukundwa Amanullah. Muzana remakore rapfuura, mumuzinda akanga pasi rinorema dhaka kurwiswa Mujahideen pfuti. Panguva ino akashanda se muSoviet hondo General Staff of BSN. Kwete kare, rakanga aifarirwa mumuzinda vavakezve urongwa. Hurumende razvino achida kuratidza chido ichi nokuda kumutsidzirwa hweruzhinji uye nyika yose.

Juma Mosque

Chiizve kuona Afghanistan ndiye noumambo Juma Mosque. It riri muguta rinonzi Herat. The mamiriro yakavakwa kare rechi10 remakore yokwaanogara vaMuslim, kuzviisa pasi nzvimbo yomunharaunda, asi makore ane zana gare gare yapiswa. By moto ichi hwakasungirirwa iyiwo nyaya yokuti dervish, anogara chechi, achitaura misodzi maviri chete, akakwanisa kudzima moto maatomu akafanana. Asi yakanga yapera, nyika Juma Mosque ikava madota.

Pashure 2 emakore akanga avaka yaimbova ukuru. Nokuti basa rake pakusikwa yomukatikati akatora pachake Alisher Navoi, ndiye akatipa ano chechi akadai tinoziva nhasi. Vazhinji vedu hatina asvika, uye chete portal pamwe yakanaka Mabhuku eBraille lettering. Zvakare zvange hondo dzakawanda kuti mavambo remakore rechi20 akasiya murwi ibwe kubva yokunamatira. Sezvineiwo, zvose rukaporeswa: kushongedzwa uye madziro chechi, uye chihombe yomukati nharaunda, izvo zvinogona kutora anopfuura 5000 vaMuslim.

mhedziso

Kuverenga wongororo yevaya vave munyika ino, tinogona kugumisa kuti Afghanistan achava dzinonakidza vaya vanofarira nhoroondo East, mapurani. Vashanyi vanoronga kushanyira Afghanistan uye ndoga nhaka yayo tsika, Zvinokurudzirwa zvakasimba kunyatsoongorora kuronga nzira. Zvakakodzera kutevera nhau kubva kumatunhu aunoda kupinda. Hurumende razvino haana kudzora guru nzvimbo munyika.