Artist Vasily Polenov: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

Yechipiri yezana remakore rechi19 rakanga ichatonga zvine mbiri Russian kupenda. Mumwe vamiririri renyeredzi ane Artists ino nguva ndiyo Vasily Polenov, vane mifananidzo vari achirova realism uye chido 'kupa uye mufaro. " Nemashoko okupedzisira ndezvaJehovha painter uye ndiro Mashoko basa rake uye upenyu, sezvinoratidzwa Biography womufananidzo.

vabereki

The ramangwana nomukurumbira Artist akazvarirwa tsika uye zvikuru mumhuri yakapfuma revatongi muna 1844. baba vake, Dmitry Polenov, aizivikanwa somunhu aida akiyorojisiti uye bibliographer. Amai, Maria A., Nee Voeikova, akadzidza kupenda uye kunyora mabhuku vana. Aiva mwanasikana Vera Nikolaevna yeshumba kuti pashure okutanga rufu vabereki vake uye akarererwa muchato mumhuri Derzhavin.

udiki

Polenov Vasili Dmitrievich akapedza ake uduku muSt Petersburg, asi mhuri yake kazhinji anoenda zhizha ari Olonets Territory uye munda Olshanka Tambov dunhu, vaiva mbuya womufananidzo. Vera akanamata vazukuru uye aida kuti azofadza, achiudza epics, ngano uye rengano. It wakange inonyatsoziva Russian uye European nhetembo, saka, vakaita basa rakakura kuumba mifananidzo manakiro munhu Vasey duku. Kana mavambo rudo rwake painting, kuti kupendwa navana zvinobatanidzwa naamai. Iye akaramba kuti murume vakazvitsvakira Vaperekedzi kuti Basil uye mwanasikana muduku Helen. Somudzidzisi, akakokwa Chistyakov, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga akadzidza ari Academy of Arts Akanaka. Parallel iyi, mukomana akaenda kuchikoro uye akaratidza kushingaira zvikuru kudzidza.

studentship

Muna 1863 Vasily Polenov sekondari, uye pamwe munun'una wake Alex akanyoresa paChikoro St. Petersburg University muna Physics uye Mathematics weVadzidzisi Vedare. Zvisinei, rudo kupenda waiupfuura chido nesayenzi, uye madekwana jaya vakapinda Academy of Arts. Uyezve, muduku Polenov Aifarira mumhanzi, ave ari kakawanda muenzi kune dhanzi imba uye kunyange vaiimba mudzidzi nekwaya of Academy.

Nokukurumidza, jaya akatora rimwe sabata payunivhesiti uye akatsaurira nguva yake kupenda. Muna 1867 Vasily Polenov akapedza kudzidza Academy of Arts. Panguva iyoyowo akagamuchira sirivha menduru nokuda gadzira uye vanodhirowa.

Pakarepo pashure, jaya vakadzokera University, asi vakashandura fakaroti uye akatanga kudzidza mutemo.

Uchisangana Repin

Muna 1869 Vasily Polenov aiva nechido chikuru kuwana ndarama menduru pamusoro Academy of Arts. Kuti izvi zvidaro, zvakanzi kupendwa "Job uye shamwari dzake." Akagamuchira mubayiro diki, uye akamupa kodzero kuramba kubatanidzwa mune makwikwi. New basa raiva kusika mifananidzo "The Kurera mwanasikana waJairosi kuti," uye anokumhan'arira rejaya Artist raiva Ivan Repin.

Zvakaguma zvisingatarisirwi Match: vose vatenzi bhurasho akapa basa rakaisvonaka kuti vatongi paakavapa yavo nendarama Medals makuru uye rwendo Europe.

Muna 1872 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich Repin taenda Germany, ipapo muItaly uye muParis. Guta guru France akanyatsoiswa anonakidzwa womufananidzo, kuti akasarudza kugara ikoko. In Paris, usimbe kunyora mufananidzo "Kusungwa Countess d'Etremon", nokuti iyo, pashure kudzoka kuRussia, akanga paakavapa musoro academician. tarenda painter ave vakaonga, uye vamiririri mhuri youmambo. Muna 1876 akagadzwa dare painter uye akaenda kuhondo wokuRussia-Turkish, waiva pamwero wenyika Tsesarevicha Aleksandra.

Moscow nguva

Achibva yemitambo hondo, Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich ndokugara muMoscow uye vakatanga kudzidzisa paChikoro Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture uye Architecture. Ikoko, vadzidzi vake vakanga Levitan, Korovin, I. Ostroukhov, Arkhipov, E. Tadevosyan uye Golovin.

Panguva iyoyowo, yokudhirowa iye zvakanyorwa, uye muna 1877 akapa basa rake "Moscow Yard" panguva 6 ndipo wokufamba kuratidza. The mufananidzo waiva maungira kubudirira, uye Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich akanga azivikanwa muvambi imwe Genre itsva, vakatumidzwa vatsoropodzi "ruwadzano nzvimbo".

Chimwe chiitiko chinokosha pamusoro Moscow nguva womufananidzo wacho upenyu hwakanga chisarudzo chake abatane vadzungairi, pakati pavo panguva aiva shamwari zhinji.

Biblical dingindira

The Old Testament uye vanotongwa dzechiKristu kubva pakutanga aripo mabasa Polenov. Kuwana achifuridzirwa mumakore 1881-1882 womufananidzo vakaenda yemubhaibheri nzvimbo, kuMiddle East. Akashanyira Constantinople, Siriya, Palestine uye Ijipiti. Nevatariri Artist Polenov Vasily akauya yokunyora nokudhirowa yokunyora nokudhirowa nokuda mufananidzo "Kristu uye Mutadzi" uye mamwe mabasa, akanyorwa pasi pfungwa zvaakaona. Vamwe vavo kutungamirira mufaro Pavla Tretyakova, uyo akawana kuti mifananidzo kuti muunganidzwa wake.

mufananidzo waKristu

Muna 1883, kuti painter uye wake akaenda Italy. Ikoko akaramba kushanda pamusoro mufananidzo "Kristu uye nemutadzi", iro anoratidzwa nevoruzhinji rechi15 kwemasimba vakadzingwa. Canvas wakasika furor, uye chido kuona naye Museum ake, akati Kesari Alexander III, uyo aifarira yokudhirowa kubva hondo yeRussia-wokuTurkey.

Muna 1888 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich akanyora imwe yakakurumbira kupenda pamusoro biblical dingindira - "On reTibheriasi (yeGenesareti) gungwa." Pane kanivhasi itsva, iye anoratidzwa zvakare Kristu - munhu dzokuMabvazuva mhando munhu uye Zvinoonekwa zviri somuzivi, asi kwete murwere. Uyezve, imwe "mutambi" mufananidzo kwaikosha landscape, nechepadivi yokunyora nokudhirowa akaita by the artist zvakasikwa pavaifamba kuMiddle East.

Upenyu Behovo

Muna 1890 Vasily Polenov, ane Biography ndiwo mazita refu kubudirira, vakasarudza kusiya guru uye kutamira kune Tula nharaunda. Imomo pamahombekombe Oka, akavaka imba. Nokuti chikuru chokuvaka akawedzerwa akazotevera mumawekishopu iyo Polenov akadzidzisa richiswedera vana dzokumaruwa. Kubva painter akapa zita wenhaka Borok uye vakatanga kuti kuitwa kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti pakupedzisira akava National Museum.

Vasily Polenov: "Golden Autumn"

Mhando munharaunda Borok yakahwina mwoyo womufananidzo. Vaiva nyaya basa, izvo mukutanga 1890s akanyora Vasily Polenov. "Golden Autumn" anotora nzvimbo chaiyo pakati pavo. On the kanivhasi rinoratidza pamahombekombe Oka, masa pamwe birches iri rakajeka kushongedzwa. The kupenda iri hwakaratidza panguva miziyamu-pfuma "Polenovo" (aimbova wakare "Borok") uye kudanidzira iri kure mangwanani nharaunda, izvo akanyora Vasily Polenov ( "vashoma Pond", "Old Mill", etc.).

After 1917

Mushure October Revolution Polenov akatora Zvinoshingaira musangano wacho boka iri pfuma Borok uye vakashanda pamwe murimi mudiki vechidiki.

Panguva iyoyowo akanyora mufananidzo "Mafashamo musi Oka", rwakazokura mumwe yakanakisisa mabasa wakadhirowewa vakura nguva.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Muna 1924, munyika kukudzwa 80th gore the artist muna Tretyakov Gallery rakarongwa Solo kwemasimba mabasa nokuda Vasily Dmitrievich. Kazhinji, hurumende yeSoviet yakanga yakanaka kusvikira the artist. Zvikurukuru, muna 1926 painter akanga paakavapa musoro vanhu Artist of RSFSR. Ungangove, izvi zvakakonzerwa ake chido Polenov uye nenzira dzose kusimudzira anoyamura mabasa dzidzo pachena kunyange panguva ino zvakaitwa chete vamiririri shoma Russian intelligentsia.

July 18, 1927 ari rokupenda akafa. The Artist akavigwa pamahombekombe ari Oka, akavaka munda munharaunda Borok.

"Polenovo"

Muna 1931, hurumende yeSoviet yakasarudza kuumba munhu miziyamu iri pfuma Borok. Rakanga kunzi muna Polenovo, uye ipapo kuchengeta mukati, izvo zvave upenyu womufananidzo wacho. Pane nguva inoitwa nemagariro zviitiko zvinonakidza uye hwakaratidza mifananidzo yaiva yakakurumbira rokupenda.

Zvino imi munoziva huru zviitiko Biography pakati V. Polenov uye nhoroondo zvimwe zvikuru pamabasa ake, vari pakati ounyanzvi wokuRussia art remakore rechi19.