Uzivi Schopenhauer voluntarism uye purposelessness upenyu hwevanhu

Vamutangira Artura Shopengauera nharo nezvezvinoreva chokuvapo kwevanhu, achishamisika: "? Nokuti chii chinangwa tichararama" Vamwe vakati chinangwa choupenyu hwevanhu kunoratidzwa nokutenda muna Mwari, vamwe vakataura pamusoro kukura zvakasikwa, vamwe akakurudzira vomunguva dzavo kuti chinangwa choupenyu kudiwa kuwana runyararo, uye vamwe kunyange akamboda kutaura kuti chinangwa upenyu husingaperi wake kutsvaka.

The fungidziro kwechinangwa muupenyu

Chii kujairika ari uzivi Artura Shopengauera? Chokwadi akanga pakutanga kuudzwa mapenzi evanhu kuvapo. Isu tirarame nenyonganyonga, ndikatema mhirizhonga, ari matambudziko madiki uye kufa, kwete kunyange ndine nguva kutarisa shure toona chakamboitwa muupenyu hwangu. Ratinoti chinangwa choupenyu, chete kusangana pachake zviduku kuchiva, ari kubudirira izvo avo kunowedzera nokuzviremekedza uye kunoita kuti zvimwe ruchiva. Happiness, iro tinotaura zvikuru sezvo nezvezvinoreva upenyu haungambofari. The Kugara kutya rufu uye pfungwa yacho Kupfupika kwoupenyu achititadzisa kuti kufaranuka uye kunzwa mufaro. uzivi Schopenhauer ndechokuti isu chete kusika fungidziro kwayo, nemhaka chitendero uye kutenda muna chinangwa chinokosha. Arthur Schopenhauer, uyo uzivi vakagara pamusoro voluntarism dzemitemo, akava mumwe havaoni kuti muitiro uyu muGermany. Chaizvoizvo Its ndechokuti nyika hapana anotonga, Mwari, maererano chitendero, hatidi kudzivirira uye kuvazvidza. Sezviri zvinganzwika nokuungudza asi nyika iri kutongwa mhirizhonga - isingachinji, unrecoverable nechinhu musoro Masvomhu. Kunyange pfungwa dzevanhu haasi kukwanisa kukurira nenyonganyonga. kuda, yevanhu uye chido chete ndiro simba kuti kunoita mhirizhonga.

"Life - kune kutambura, nekuti mhaka kutambura chido chedu"

Pfungwa iyi ndiyo hwaro dzidziso muBhudha, nekuti vose anoyeuka dzavo hwokuzvinyima upenyu. Uzivi Schopenhauer inoti, vachitevera utungamiriri zvishuwo zvedu, isu musawana pfungwa mufaro. Kunyange kusvika kwezvavanoita, munhu asingadi kunzwa noumambo, asi chete panyatwa kwomweya. Zviipe, kana kuzadziswa chido hwokuwana vakatadza, uye pfungwa kunoita kuti kutambura. Uye chinyiko, chokwadi, upenyu hwedu? Kubva chido kuva pedyo nemunhu, kuwana chinhu kutenga zvakakodzera chinhu ...

Kutambura kurasikirwa munhu anofanira kwatiri nokuti tinoda kuva naye, kuti vamubate, kutarira ake.

uzivi Schopenhauer kwakaita anowana nzira yokubuda kutambura vari: renunciation zvido. Kuzvinyima yakaparidzwa vaBhudha, anoti kuti kutanga kubvisa kugona kushuvira, isu vanoshamba kuva mamiriro Nirvana. Nemamwe mashoko, munhu mamiriro inonzi "chinhu." The Nirvana chinhu, itai chinhu, uye havadi chinhu. Asi zvakare mubvunzo: "sei munhu mupenyu chingakutadzisai kukumbira?" Pashure pezvose, simba kunoita vanhu runotigombedzera kukwira pamubhedha mangwanani, uye ichi ndicho uyewo kuda, nechido. Chii dzakasara munyika, kana munhu achida kurega? Chii tichasimbiswawo nyika?

uzivi Schopenhauer inopa kudzidzisa pachavo uye tsika nokufungisisa senzira renunciation zvishuwo. Kufungisisa kunotibatsira chete nguva vanoshamba kuva mamiriro vanonzi "Nirvana". Asi kana ukabvunza muBhudha mumongi: "Ko iwe vakakwanisa kurega kukwanisa kukumbira?" Kunenge kuti zvechokwadi kupindura mubvunzo uyu. Pashure pezvose, chii munhu asingadi kuita kuda kwake, hazvirevi kuti iye Haasisina kushuvira ...