Thomas Young: mipiro wefizikisi

Nyaya rinotaura pamusoro ndiani Thomas Young, zvaakanga vakabatsira kutanga wefizikisi uye chii kunze kuzviita.

sainzi

Nguva dzose kwaiva vaiona vakanga kuziva kuziva mamiriro wechokwadi zvakasikwa, zvimwe zvayo nomumwe pezvakaitwa kana zvakavapo. Munguva yedu, sainzi kuti vanhu, hapana haarambi Zvisinei, akanga asina nguva dzose saka. Sezvineiwo, mazuva iwayo refu vaenda, uye okupedzisira mazana mashomanana emakore unceasingly kuita kunoshamisa Zvakawanikwa wefizikisi sayenzi vamwe. And Thomas Young - mumwe wevaya kupfeka ndima nevamwe masayendisiti zvikuru makore akapfuura - Becquerel, Lomonosov, Mendeleev.

Asi chii iye inozivikanwa, uye chii Zvakawanikwa? Izvi ndizvo zvatichakurukura munyaya ino. musayendisiti ichi aizivikanwawo ndechokuti aisafunga zvidzidzo ake wefizikisi oga. Nokuda kwemabasa ake kwesayenzi pamusoro optics, hurongwa, philology uye physiology wezvakaonekwa.

Thomas Young mupiro kuti kukura wefizikisi

Muna 1793 Jung muna mumwe mabasa ake wakayeriswa kuvanhu ziso, akataura kuti ziso pekugara kunoitika kuburikidza inofanira shanduko curvature pamusoro izvo. Uyezve zvaanorumbidza zvakatungamirira masayendisiti kudavira kuti corpuscular dzidziso chiedza mumunda optics, iyo panguva iyoyo kwainzi chikuru, kwete chokwadi. Apo Jung ari nyasha chinozunguzirwa dzidziso chiedza, zvinenge zvose masayendisiti muEngland panguva haana kubvumirana naye, uye pasi kumanikidzwa pfungwa dzavo pamusoro nguva akarega mhedziso yake. Zvisinei, gare gare, Thomas Young akadzokera chinozunguzirwa dzidziso yake chiedza, uye ndiye akatanga kufunga dambudziko superposition nemafungu. Kuongorora Fani iyi mberi, akaona nheyo kukanganiswa. Zvisinei, ichi izwi akashandurwa sezvaari Jung, makore mashoma gare gare.

Uye mumwe mushumo kuna Royal Society, akapawo tsanangudzo yokutanga vanonzi zvindori Newton kuti, yakavakirwa nheyo chipingaidzo, uye akataura pamusoro kuedza ake okutanga, chinangwa rakanga kuyera urefu yakasiyana chiedza mafungu. Saka zvino tinoziva kuti vakakurumbira Thomas Young.

Muna 1804 akaongorora zvizere uye akarondedzera chinonakidza kuti diffraction. Pashure tsvakurudzo musayendisiti Fresnel chipingaidzo chiedza, iro inobudisa, Jung conjectured kopeechnogo chiedza chinozunguzirwa oscillations. Kusanganisira Jung dhigirii akarongwa kukura dzidziso ruvara chiratidzo, iyo inobva kubvuma kuti goko Meso chiedza-inonyatsoziva fibers kuti vanoteerera vatatu makuru chiedza chakarondedzera. Zvino funga anozivikanwa zvikuru chiitiko Thomas Young.

ruzivo

Izvi zvakanga uchapupu chinozunguzirwa dzidziso chiedza. Asi kutanga migumisiro dzakabudiswa muna 1803. In kuedza ichi, bango chiedza akarayira pana opaque chidzitiro zvakanga munzvimbo dzakafanana slits maviri. Zvinokonzera chidzitiro akanga akatasva fungidziro chidzitiro. The peculiarity of slits akanga kufanana nohuya upamhi wavo anenge akaenzana wavelength of chaibwinya chiedza iri kuedza. Uye somugumisiro, pamusoro chidzitiro ndiyo munhevedzano kukanganiswa masa, izvo kunoratidza Kururama dzidziso, izvo vati Thomas Young. Yefizikisi vaiona zvakaratidza chinozunguzirwa hunhu chiedza.

Other mapepa nesayenzi

Ndakaita izvi nyanzvi kunoshamisa nguva yake sezvo zvemutauro - kuratidza ukama kwemitauro Indo-European. Uye nenzira, tsanangudzo "Indo-European" ndiye akauya naye. Uyewo pakati pamabasa ake - pakatanga zvakadai zviri sezvo nhamba kukosha elasticity mu compression kana kusawirirana, rwakazokura kuzivikanwa kuti Young modulus.

Thomas Jung: A Biography

musayendisiti The ramangwana akazvarwa muna 1773 mumhuri nyore sirika mutengesi. Nokukurumidza ndakadzidza kuverenga uye ane mwana ane ndangariro dzakanaka chaizvo, kuda kuziva uye simba chebasa kuti sayenzi. Saka, sezvo mangwanani sezvo makore 8 Iye zvinonyatsoda masvomhu uye geodesy, izvo akaratidza matarenda zvinoshamisa. Uye sezvo kuyaruka, kare vaiva mitauro akadai Latin, chiHebheru, wokuItaly, Arabic uye French. Haasi munhu akura ose anogona pamusoro mitauro ruzivo akawanda kudaro! Kunze kwaizvozvo zvose, maererano Kuyeuka kuhama, sezvo Jung Aifarira kare uye bhotani.

Asi Jung pakutanga akasarudzwa kuva chidzidzo hwake ndiye mushonga. Medical dhigirii yaakawana muna 1796. Asi chiitiko, wakamuita mari akazvimirira uye akabvumira kuti kunyudza akubvumira ari sainzi, kwete kufunga kunobva mari, waiva rufu babamunini vake - akasiya muduku Thomas hombe nhaka mari.

Gare gare Jung akazarura private okurapa uye panguva iyoyo yakatanga kubudiswa. Asi kusazivikanwa nekuti wakatya kuti mukurumbira wake sezvo chiremba. Gare gare ndakatanga kufarira acoustics uye optics. Pazera 21, akava nhengo inoshingaira ari London Royal Society uye kwechinguva wakaitwa pambiru munyori mairi. Muna 1803 vakava nyanzvi Royal Institute. Kwapera gore, akaroora Eliza Maxwell.

Pasinei nokubudirira yawo wefizikisi, kubva 1811 uye kusvikira kumagumo eupenyu Thomas Young akaenda sachiremba mune imwe London zvipatara. Haana kusiya kuna vanachiremba, uye muna 1818, apo akava Munyori Bureau of Longitudes uye mupepeti mabhuku akadai "nautical karenda." Jung rave zvakonzerawo kuwedzera imwe Shanduro "Encyclopedia Britannica" Chokwadi chokuti akanyora zvitsauko anenge 60. Vakanga kunyanya nhoroondo dzeupenyu masayendisiti.

mhedziso

Mukuwedzera kudzidzira mushonga uye nesayenzi, inozivikanwa kusanganisira somuimbi akanaka, mumwe connoisseur ounyanzvi uye jimunasiti. Akafa ari uyu murume ichiita mabasa akawanda May 10, 1829. Thomas Young akavigwa mukati paberere kweLondon.