The Italian Renaissance

Renaissance chakatsiva European tsika kuMiddle Ages. Fani iyi ine yakatangira Italy, ichi ndipo zviratidzo zvayo wokutanga kuonekwa. The Italian Renaissance akanga ari nguva kubva yechipiri yezana XIII kusvikira XVII emakore. Zvinonzi inobva nheyo Humanism, ndiko kuti, chiremerera uye runako kwevanhu. Panguva ino, anotanga kuumba rokunyika tsika, pane dzisashande muchechi scholasticism uye nedzidziso dzechitendero. Culture iri anthropocentric. Shoko rokuti "Renaissance" wakatangwa Dzhordzho Vazari. Akarondedzera iyi sezvo nguva kumutsidzirwa kare. Zvikasadaro nezvavo savakuru Nguva Renaissance.

The Renaissance Akaperekedzwa nevamwe gakava nokuti kuti kwakanyanyisa muhondo, uye kare pakupera tsika dzavo achinja zvikuru. Pokutanga haana tsika, uye zvinhu, kwaiva kirasi pakati kukura, vakawedzera zvechechi.

mabhuku

Baba Renaissance kuItaly runoonekwa kuva Dante Aligeri, kuti aikwanisa kuzarura musimboti vanhu venyika iyi ari mabhuku basa, "The Divine Comedy." In mabasa Renaissance, munyori anotaura humanistic nevatambi, akarumbidza zvinhu rusununguko wacho. Nyika chomukati womunhu zvose yake kusiyana pfungwa yakaratidza Petrarca. Hazvibviri kucherechedza yokufungidzira kubva Boccaccio, akadhindwa Machiavelli kuti, nhetembo pamusoro Ariosto uye Tasso. Mabhuku kwaibva tsika kare uye zvavo nhetembo. Chine rationality uye enhetembo senhema. Kuwedzera kukurumbira vanogamuchira enyambo Genres. Rakanga panguva iyi akanga akanyorwa akakurumbira kwakadaro munyika yose inoshanda se "Decameron", "Don Quixote."

akitekicha

Italian Renaissance akitekicha kare vakatevera Ages tsika, yakanga kwakunoitwa kushandisa Gothic zvinhu. Italian Gothic akanga yakasiyana chaizvo Gothic kune dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope. Buildings aiva guru, mitsetse rugare, rakapamhamha masvingo pamwe chinjikira nekunyatsotsanangura. Mumwe temberi inozivikanwa kwazvo kuti nguva ichechi Santa Croce, ayo chivakwa zvakatangwa Arnolfo od change ari XIII remakore. Pedza nedhaimani rustication, emapuranga ceilings, kubatana zvokunyaradza nzvimbo - zvose zvinoita zviri mutemberi.

chivezwa

Renaissance iwe kunoratidzwa kwete chete nokuda pakatanga zvakagadzirwa zviri mapurani, asiwo nokuchinja mune chivezwa, iyo panguva ino raive rakasimba. Kuwedzera kukurumbira ndivo pehurumende uye vatengesi mirairo. Anozivikanwa muvezi iyoyo vaiva Lorenzo Ghiberti, Luca della Robbia and said. Robbia, semuenzaniso, inozivikanwa kuti akatanga kushandisa PANE unyanzvi mune chivezwa uye kuzorodzwa. Akasika majolica busts yavatsvene, ari Madonna uye Kristu. Unyanzvi nomuvezi vakagamuchira zvakakodzera pamutemo pakati pevanhu venguva yake.

mufananidzo

Italian Renaissance kupenda hakusi pasina. Zvinonzi akaurayiwa muna tuore unyanzvi. The Artist akanyora varinamire mavara pamusoro mvura. In pakati XV remakore kwakapararira makadhibhokisi vanodhirowa akaita papepa kana jira. In Venice, imba isina yakashongedzwa mu tuore uye akanaka mifananidzo yakaitwa namafuta pendi. Uyewo Italian Renaissance akapa nyika uye ichi ounyanzvi mhando, sezvo achiita zvokutemera. Kuita achiita zvokutemera pamusoro simbi uye pehuni. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Renaissance Artists vakachera tifunge landscape, munhu anatomi, chiedza. The nzvimbo haisi colour, uye nyaya chinhu firimu.

Kusvikira vatenzi zvikuru unyanzvi pakati Renaissance zvinosanganisira Brunelleschi, Verrocchio, Mantegna, Donatello, Masaccio, Botticelli nevamwe. Wokutanga Artist rokuratidzira matatu-dimensional zvinofungirwa ne Giotto.

Nokuti nevazivi munguva iyi vanosanganisira Nikolay Kopernik, Zhan Boden, naLorenzo Valla, Nikola Kuzansky, Niccolo Machiavelli.