The dielectrics ari yemagetsi munda

The dielectrics ari yemagetsi mumunda chiito maererano zvemukati marongerwo. Vanewo kunzi vasiri conductors, sezvo, sezvo chikazozikamwa, ivo zvinhu izvo haina kunyanya kudzidzisa magetsi. Havazivi dzine kusununguka muripo vatakuri iyo yaizova vanokwanisa kutamira mukati dielectric ichi.

The Morekuru - iduku PARTICIPLE kwenyaya kuti anoramba ayo nemakemikari ehupfumi. Iyewo, pachayo vaiumba kwemaatomu pamwechete chokwadi mhosva neerekitironi okusafarira mhosva maerekitironi. Morekuru yose vari kwavakarerekera. Sezvo dzidziso covalent zvisungo vakaumba mairi mumwe kana kupfuura yegwara maerekitironi kuva zvakajairika kuti tichibatanidza maatomu, mamorekuru dzinopa dzigadzikane.

Nokuti mumwe mhando muripo - zvakanaka (chinoumba) uye kunaka (maerekitironi) - kune pfungwa, izvo, sezvazvakaita yavo "muzinda regiravhiti" (yemagetsi). Pfungwa idzi dzinonzi matanda ari Morekuru. Kana kuti morekuru nemagetsi nzvimbo regiravhiti chakatarisana madzoro: akanaka uye kunaka - zvichava nonpolar (asina dipole nguva).

The nemamiriro Morekuru zvinogona asymmetric Somuenzaniso, panogona kuva maviri dissimilar atomu, ipapo kusvika pamwero zvaizopedza ikaitika nevakawanda peya maerekitironi kune mumwe maatomu. Zviri pachena, muchiitiko ichi, kuti gogonera kuparadzirwa pakatarisana mhosva (zvakanaka nezvakaipa) mukati morekuru kutungamirira kune mismatch pamusoro zvemagetsi dzavo nzvimbo regiravhiti. The zvichiguma Morekuru unonzi polar kana kuva dipole kwechinguva.

The chikuru pfuma dielectrics kukwanisa avo polarize.
Dielectrics vari inobudisa mu wemagetsi mumunda. Izvi zvinoreva kuti maatomu dzavo maerekitironi vanotanga zvinokambaira elongated kutenderera. Somugumisiro, vamwe vavo pamusoro iri isakarurama mhosva, mumwe - chokwadi. Saka, wemagetsi kusango dielectric iyo azvaitwa kunzi zvemukati. Ndiko, muminda yemagetsi sei dielectrics panguva (zvemukati uye kwokunze) izvo iyi vari oppositely rinotungamirirwa.

Pamusana yemagetsi munda ane simba akaenzana musiyano intensities makuru nemaduku minda. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti munda simba iri insulator, pasinei zvayo mhando, ndiyo nguva dzose muduku kupfuura zvokunze yemagetsi munda zvakakonzera polarization kwayo.

Kuwanda polarization iri zvakananga zvinoenderana permittivity yacho dielectric. The duku iri, kashoma kuzviita unowanikwa imwe dielectric polarization uye akasimba yemagetsi munda mairi.

The mhosva kuonekwa chete pamusoro penyika asiwo dielectric miromo, asi kuchinja kana neVadzidzi electrode hazvibviri, nokuti insulator uchifarira kuti electrode kubudikidza Coulomb mauto.

The dielectrics ari yemagetsi munda kana simba, uye zvinokwanisika kuwedzera zvikuru, pane zvimwe zvinhu achaputsa simba, i.e. achaputsa kubva mabhomba maerekitironi. Izvi zvichaita kuti ionization muitiro dielectrics, saka kuti vanova conductors.

Kwakakura pamusoro zvokunze hwuripo inoenda dielectric Kuparara, inonzi nokuparara voltage. A runoenzanirana muganhu voltage panguva iyo insulator hwatsvuka - Kuparara voltage. Chimwe zita zvinozivikanwa muganhu kushushikana - simba dielectric.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chete dielectrics ari yemagetsi munda vane womukati munda substantially haazombotaurwi kana kwokunze kubviswa.