How kuwana Vhoriyamu bhokisi?

Tisati vanotamira kune anoshanda chikamu nyaya, apo tichaona kuti Vhoriyamu bhokisi, ngatirangarirei kuti zvinovinga mufananidzo uyu, uye dzidza nei Masvomhu izvi isu angada.

Kune tsanangudzo matatu, uye vose vakaenzana. Somuenzaniso, imwe parallelepiped ndiko:

1. polyhedron rine zviso matanhatu, rimwe nerimwe riri parallelogram.

2. Hexagon, iro rine mbiri matatu zviso kufanana nomumwe.

3. prism ane chawo ari parallelogram.

Most zvimwe zvakajairika muupenyu chaihwo hwedu mhando pasi kufunga geometric zvitarisiko - a cuboid uye kuutio. Mukuwedzera, musiyano yakaitwa pakati zvakananga uye oblique parallelepiped.

Cuboid: vhorumu

Cuboid akasiyana ndechokuti mumwe kusangana nayo - chinhu rectangle. Sezvo mhuri muenzaniso muenzaniso uyu kungaita hwandaiva bhokisi (a shangu, chipo, chitambi).

Chokutanga tinofanira kuwana tsika mbiri panhivi mujinga parallelepiped, izvo akaronga perpendicular mumwe (ari mundege vakadana upamhi uye urefu).

P = A * B, apo A - urefu B - upamhi.

Zvino isu kuti mumwe kuyerwa - pakakwirira pamamiriro nechipi, iyo uchanzi N.

Asi paidiwa mari tinodzidza, kana isu vawande kukwirira kuna nechigadziko nzvimbo, kureva:

V = N * H.

The Vhoriyamu bhokisi twasu

takananga parallelepiped inozivikanwa kuti kudivi kunobatanidza ake - rectangles nokuti kuti vari perpendicular kuti nechepasi nhamba.

The vhoriyamu rinowanikwa zvakafanana, musiyano chete ndechokuti nokukwirira pano - kwete pane kumucheto bhokisi. Muchiitiko ichi chiri mutsetse unobatanidza zviso zviviri rinopikisa perpendicular nomufananidzo chawo.

Sezvo nheyo parallelepiped wenyu parallelogram pane rectangle, ipapo nzira nokuda kukarukureta zvitsigiro nzvimbo iri zvishoma kunzwisisa. zvichaita zvino tarirai nenzira iyi:

P = A * B * chivi (a) sezvamakaropafadzwa A, B - urefu uye, naizvozvovo, nechigadziko upamhi, uye "mumwe" - pakona ravakange zvinoumba pa mharadzano yavo.

How kuwana vhoriyamu imwe rectangular oblique?

Raiiswa kuzivikanwa chero parallelepiped, zvisina kunaka.

Nokuti kuti zviso nenhamba havasi perpendicular kuti nechigadziko, unofanira kutanga kuwana kumusoro. Vachiwedzera pamusoro chete chavangayeukwa (ona pamusoro yemaitiro), uye imi makakohwa uwandu:

V = P H *, apo P - chawo nharaunda, H - nekukwirira.

The vhoriyamu imwe parallelepiped pamwe mativi zviso

Cube - ari rectangular parallelepiped, zviso imwe neimwe matanhatu ane mativi mana akaenzana. Nokudaro enzvimbo nechipi - dzose micheto vakaenzana pachavo. Somuenzaniso, fungidzira chitoyi chomwana sezvo cubes.

Zvakanaka, zvose zvikuru inongova kuwana vhoriyamu imwe kuutio. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kuti divi rimwe chete (rumbabvu) uye kuvaka ukoshi yakawanikwa iri dhigirii rechitatu. Heano mazano:

V = A³.

Sezvo Vhoriyamu bhokisi zvinogona kubatsira kwatiri muupenyu hwedu?

Kufunga kuti uri zvakamushamisa dambudziko iri, sezvo nhamba mabhokisi kuti zvinogona raitenda ari hunde motokari yako. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira ruoko mutongi kana tepi nechiyero, peni, pepa, uyewo pamusoro Masvomhu pachavo nokuda pakuverenga bhuku rimwe cuboid.

Nokuyera Vhoriyamu bhokisi, nokuwanza mutengo maererano nokuwanda riripo enyu emadziro, uchadzidza vangani masendimita cubic zvinodiwa kuisa vari hunde mumotokari.

Uye chokwadi, yeuka kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko zviri here cubic masendimita ichachinjwa kuva mamita. Saka, kana somugumisiro iwe kuwana bhuku bhokisi 50 masendimita kuutio, ipapo uchatamisa chete nekuwanza mufananidzo uyu 0.001. Saka iwe uende cubic mita. Uye kana muchida kuziva bhuku iri marita, nemhaka mu cubic metres, zviwande kubudikidza 1000.