Shader - chii? Types, zvakanakira nekuipira

With yose computerization pakati kuwanda dzinovhiringidza mashoko apinde edu munyika. Itirai navo vose hakusi nyore zvokuti zvinoita sokuti pakutanga kuaona. Vazhinji vavo vane mazita akafanana, vakawanda yakafarikana functionality. Ndiyo nguva kuti uzive zvakaita shader, kwarakabva, chii chinodiwa uye chii chinoitika.

optimizer

Ungangove, uri farira mutambi "Maynkraft" uye kuti chikonzero vakasvika pakuziva chii. Zvinofanira pakarepo kucherechedzwa kuti pfungwa "shader" vakachengeteka aparadzana mutambo uyu, uye anogona "kurarama" kubva voga. Saizvozvo, uyewo fashoni. Saka zvakaoma kuti kurondedzera pfungwa mbiri idzi hakusi zvakakodzera.

Kazhinji, chizvarwa shader zvirongwa, akazviratidza somunhu mubatsiri ari unyanzvi. Zvimwe Yaizova ruzha kudanwa uku optimizer chokushandisa, asi zvechokwadi anovandudza mufananidzo mumitambo. Saka, kana uri kutanga kunzwisisa kuti chinhu, tinofanira kuenda chaiyo dudziro.

kuturikira

Chii chinonzi shader? Ichi chirongwa kombiyuta, izvo vakaurayiwa processor kadhi. Zviridzwa izvi zvakagadzirirwa mumutauro chaiyo. Zvichienderana zvinangwa zvinogona kuva zvakasiyana. Zvadaro shaders conventionally kushandurirwa mirayiridzo nokuda processor Graphics accelerators.

kunyoresa

Pakarepo ndinofanira kutaura kuti kushandisa yose zvakafanorongwa kuenda. Program midzi muna processor Graphics kadhi, izvo zvinoreva kuti vari kushanda parameters zvinhu uye mifananidzo ine-dimensional matatu Graphics. Vanogona kuita mabasa mazhinji, ramakagadzwa kushanda kufungisisa, refraction, dimming, Sheari migumisiro, uye zvichingodaro.

presupposition

Vanhu vari kare yakati kuedza kuwana chii shader. Kunyange asati ava Software Developers vakaita zvose ruoko. Muitiro kuri zvimwe zvinhu hazvina zvoga. Developers mutambo pamberi vanoberekwa, vakazvimirira mubasa shanduro. Vakashanda pamwe algorithm, zvakanga zvawanikwa mabasa akasiyana. Saka pane mirayiridzo nokushandisa textures, ziso zvinokonzerwa, etc.

Zvechokwadi, vamwe pezvakaitwa vachiri midzi muna basa makadhi. algorithms kwakadaro kunogona kushandiswa Developers. Asi havana kubudirira kumanikidza algorithms Graphics dzavo kadhi. Custom Mirayiridzo zvinogona vakaurayiwa CPU, iyo yave nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva kupfuura Graphics.

muenzaniso

Kuti tinzwisise musiyano, zvakakodzera kufunga kuchitsauko mienzaniso. Zviri pachena kuti mutambo aigona kuva shanduro Hardware uye software. Somuenzaniso, isu tose rangarira akakurumbira kudengenyeka 2. Saka, mvura mutambo aigona kuva yebhuruu Sefa, kana iri Hardware shanduro. Asi kana Software chipingaidzo yakauya achitevedzera mvura. Same nyaya pamwe stun magirinedhi muna CS 1.6. Hardware kushandura akapa chete chena isipi, uye programmatically kuwedzera pixelated sikirini.

upindo

Saka zvakava pachena kuti zvinokosha kugadzirisa matambudziko akadaro. Graphics accelerators vakatanga kuwedzera uwandu algorithms kuti zvave akakurumbira pakati Developers. Zvakava pachena kuti vose "zvinhu" hazvibviri. Zvakanga pakuraramisa kuwana Graphics nyanzvi.

Asati paiva mitambo yakaita "Maynkraft" pamwe modes uye shaders, Developers vakapiwa mukana wokushanda pamwe GPU vezvikwata zviri Mapaipi kuti aigona kuva mutoro mirayiridzo zvakasiyana. Sezvo chirongwa pakuzivikanwa ne zita "shader". Kusika navo zvikuru yakatanga zvirongwa mitauro. Saka, vhidhiyo akatanga vapinze kwete chete mureza "geometry", asiwo mirayiridzo yacho processor.

Where kwakadaro kuwana zvakanga zvichiita, akatanga kuvhura itsva zvirongwa nemikana. Nyanzvi anogona kugadzirisa pamasvomhu matambudziko pamusoro GPU. Masvomhu kwakadaro makadanirwa GPGPU. Nokuti izvi aida chinokosha Ezvemutauro. Kubva kambani nVidia CUDA, kubva Microsoft DirectCompute, uyewo urongwa OpenCL.

mhando

The zvakawanda vanhu vakadzidza chii shaders, zvikuru akazivisa mashoko pamusoro pavo uye mikana yavo. Pakutanga akanga-processor matatu accelerators. Mumwe nomumwe aiva nebasa rudzi shader. Nokufamba kwenguva, vakatsiviwa nokudenga. Mumwe ane zvimwe mirayiridzo dzakaoma izvo pakarepo akanga mhando nhatu shaders. Pasinei nokudyidzana basa, tsanangudzo nomumwe mhando akasara kusvikira ikozvino.

Vertex mhando yokushanda manhamba misoro kuti vane yakawanda zviso. Pano rinogona kureva zvakawanda zvokushandisa. Somuenzaniso, zviri pamusoro unaku Coordonatele, vectors, tangent, kana zvakajairika binormals.

Geometric mhando kushanda kwete chete vertex, asiwo ine chinyakare. Pixel yakagadzirwa kubudiswa zvidimbu Raster mifananidzo, uye kazhinji pamwe textures.

Mumitambo

Kana uri kutsvaka shaders "Maynkraft 1.5.2" ipapo iwe pamwe chete uchida kuvandudza mufananidzo mutambo. Kuti izvi zviitike, mapurogiramu vave "moto, mvura uye mhangura pombi." Shaders vari kuedzwa uye nomucheka-zvirire. Somugumisiro, zvakava pachena kuti chokushandisa ichi ane zvakanakira nekuipira.

Chokwadi, shungu gadziriro zvakasiyana siyana algorithms - ndiko ndinoiitawo rakakura. Kubvuma sanduko uku chinokosha anoitwa munyika nedanho mutambo kukura, uye somugumisiro, vasanyanye mari. The zvichiguma rakapotsa zvinoitika kuva zvakaoma uye ona zvinhu sezvazviri. Uyewo, kukura kwacho kunova zvikuru nokukurumidza.

Zvakaipira ndiyo chete izvo zvakakosha kuti vadzidzire mutauro zvirongwa, uyewo kufunga kuti siyana yemashoko makadhi wakaiswa siyana akagadzirwa algorithms.

kugadzwa

Kana ukaona shader rongedza kuti "Maynkrafta", tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti pane ngozi dzakawanda mukumisa naro. Pasinei nechekare dzaisvava vakawanda mutambo uyu, zvakanga zvichiri mafeni vake vakazvipira. Haasi munhu wose anoda purogiramu, kunyanya muna 2017. Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti vachakwanisa kuvandudza nayo kuburikidza shaders. Tichingotarisa, ichi chinhu kwechokwadi mutsara. Asi tsika, uchachinja zvishoma.

Asi kana uri vachiri kutsvaka nzira sei kugadzirirwa shaders kuti "Maynkraft 1,7", pakutanga kwezvose, ngwarira. Masero pacharo chinhu chakaoma kwete. Uyezve, pamwe chete chero Download mafaira pane mirayiridzo achiiisa. The chikuru ndechokuti kuongorora shanduro mumutambo uye shader. Zvikasadaro, kuti optimizer hakushandi.

PaIndaneti, yakawanda panzvimbo unokwanisa kukopa uye dzishandise chokushandisa ichi. Zvino unofanira unzip faira chero forodha. Imomo muchawana faira «GLSL-Shaders-Mod-1,7-Installer.jar». Pashure pokutanga iwe kucharatidzwa nzira game, kana zviri zvechokwadi, ndinobvuma zvose mirayiridzo tevera.

Kamwe uchida kufamba folder «shaderpacks» muna «.minecraft». Zvino kana iwe mhanya launcher vanofanira kuenda pazviruva. Pano, kana installation zvakanga zvakarurama, pachava «Shaders» mutsetse. Kubva yose zvawanyora unogona kusarudza achida pasuru.

Kana uchida shaders nokuda Minecraft 1.7.10, ipapo chete kuwana sheyderpak akarurama Shanduro uye vari kuita zvakafanana. The Internet inogona kuitika sagadzikana shanduro. Dzimwe nguva unofanira kuchinja navo, uye tsvaka rakakodzera reinstall. Zviri nani kuti kutarisa wongororo nokusanangura zvikuru nevanhu.