Sei chakakomba National mari?

Kuti uone upfumi kutsiga mamiriro anoshandisa yakasiyana pfungwa. Vose kubatsira kuona shanduko uye kukura hwenyika, uyewo pfungwa ramangwana budiriro mikana. It anova rudzi cho munyika international munhandare, kubatsira kuvaka ukama nedzimwe nyika.

Saka, chii chinoumba "gobvu National mari"? Hachizi kupfuura kuwanda yose chikuru mari, izvo akagamuchira vagari imwe nyika kwenguva imwe nguva. Uyezve, kukarukureta ichi rinoshanda kune vose vanogara mukati munyika uye vari kunze kwenyika, asi ari mugari. Mukupera zvakafamba hakunganzi chete chikamu mari akaenda kune dzimwe nyika.

Nei kudiwa kukarukureta kwakadaro?

Hurumende zveminda kuvimba kwete bhuku kugadzirwa munyika, kubva zvinhu uye mabasa vakapa, etc. Zvakakodzera kufunga yaipedzerwa mari inowanikwa vagari venyika. Zvino iyi zvakafanira kufungawo uwandu mari kubva kunze kwenyika, uyewo kuti chikamu mari, izvo zvinozoita hwakatamisirwa kune dzimwe anoti.

Gross National mari kunobva GDP (chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa). Asi pane misiyano pakati pavo. Ivo vakaratidza zvikurukuru pakuti chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa (GDP) Kufungisisa zvikurukuru chete bhuku kugadzirwa, ayo kukura, uye izvi zvinosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana mabasa kuti anobudiswa kana zvinoitwa vagari (vagari) munyika.

Nepo chakakomba National mari kusarudza yaipedzerwa mari vanhu munyika, uye, naizvozvo, yose mamiriro yose. Uyu mari aibuda vakawanda, vari vagari venyika. Gross National mari (GNI) rinowanikwa sezvinotevera: kune zvakakomba epamba chigadzirwa (GDP) iri akawedzera kusiyana mari kubva kunze kwenyika uye vaibhadhara nedzimwe nyika.

Musiyano uri pakati GDP uye GNI?

  Izvi hazvisi nguva dzose pachena chii musiyano pakati izvi pfungwa mbiri, uye Chikurukuru havanzwisisi nei vakaparadzaniswa, nokuti zvikuru zvakafanana mumwe.

Zvisinei, mutsauko uri chakakomba mudzimba chigadzirwa - ndizvo inorondedzera zvinhu uye mabasa yakabereka mukati imwe nyika, kureva, wakaratidzwa mari zvose izvi zvinhu uye mabasa. Nepo mari zvakakomba zvinoratidza yaipedzerwa mari kuti ndakawana vagari vomunyika iyi. Panguva iyoyo vanogona kushanda kwete chete munyika yavo. Saka, chakakomba National mari inosanganisira mari vagari kuti ndiitewo GDP dzimwe nyika.

In tsika iyi zvinoreva kuti makambani akawanda anogona kupa minamato yavo kunze. Kunewo vamwe Kugadzirwa raigona kusimbiswa. Purofiti vachava kugoveranwa pakati penyika, asi chikamu uchaenda kunyika, raiva kambani, etc.

Nenzira, chinowanzoonekwa kunzi GNI paminiti capita gobvu National chigadzirwa (GNP). Ndicho chete chinhu, kusvikira 1993 rinonzi GNI chigadzirwa nokuenzanisa saizvozvo. Zvachinjwa chokuita nokuti GDP inoratidza chete chokupika pagadzirwe, apo chakakomba National mari kunoratidza zvachose National mari vose sectors hwenyika.

Panyaya dzakasiyana-nyika zvenyika GNI uye GDP kunogona chokuita nenzira dzakasiyana. Kazhinji, munyika dzakasimukira National mari mukuru chakakomba National chigadzirwa, sezvo vanogona kupa mari kuti kusimukira, uye ipapo kugamuchira mubereko kuti urongwa mari uye tiri chikamu kugadzirwa.

MuRussia, GDP achiri pasi IRR. Uyezve, kana iwe bvisa kubva GNI kushandiswa guru uye depreciation mari anogona kuwana mambure National mari (iwayo), iro rinoshandiswawo rondedzero upfumi.