Plevna Chapel muMoscow: sei kuti ikoko?

MuMoscow, pane shongwe magamba Plevna, rinonziwo shongwe kuna grenadiers uyo akawira kukombwa uye storming pamusoro Plevna. Chii ichi Plevnenskoe hondo uye vari magamba Grenadier?

The inokosha Chiitiko wokuRussia-Turkish Hondo

The Bulgarian taundi Pleven, kana mune Russian Pleven, riri kuchamhembe kwenyika, vakaburukira munhau somumwe anokosha zviitiko hondo 1877-1878 pakati Russia uye Turkey. Chiitiko ichi chakatsaurirwa kuna tipping firimu "Turkish Gambit", kufanorongwa pamusoro yokufungidzira kubudikidza Boris Akunin, uye yokufungidzira B. Vasilyev "vakanga nebyli". VokuTurkey akarirwira pachavo heroically. On chikamu mauto Russian-Romanian vakatorwa 4 kuti taramba guta, ikava nhare. Uye midzi muna Plevna Osman Pasha akaita kunyange chimwe sortie. Kukombwa guta, iro kwemwedzi mina, kuti wakavharirwa Russian mberi mauto uye akabvumira vokuTurkey kuti yekudyidzana kusimbisa Istanbul uye Adrianople.

Zvaitika Varwi Russian - kuzosunungura mamwe marudzi

Plevna akauraya vanopfuura zviuru 31 varwi Russian vairatidza muhondo, sezvo nguva dzose, zvishamiso ushingi. Plevna Chapel pakutanga akaronga kuti kuvakwa nzvimbo avaurayisa, asi Muscovites kunge akaomerera kuti chapero akaramba muMoscow. Asi muna Russia yakanaka chapero haana vapukunyuka chinosuruvarisa mugumo. Munguva kusadavira shongwe magamba Plevna, kwete chete akanga sacked - zvakanzi ikava chimbuzi. Hakusi kutsoropodza - icho kushatirwa pamusoro kuyeuka magamba vawa muhondo vomunyika, vanhuwo masoja.

Grenadiers - vapfumi mauto

Pakati makumi ezviuru takafa vaiva grenadiers, vaionekwa dzemauto ari inifanduri kana vamabhiza. The zita chavainacho kubva zita kare noruoko magirinedhi ( "Grenada", kana "magirinedhi"). Mapoka aya aiendeswa dzepabonde kana kukomba muvengi masvingo. Vaiva vokutanga, uye vokutanga kufa. Kuendeswa muzvikamu izvi nani, pamwe nomuviri zvakanaka uye noushingi. Saka, muna kutaura grenadier inonzi guru uye noushingi murume.

Pashure pehondo, vasara varwi muviri pamusoro pachavo mari vakasarudza kumisa shongwe magamba Plevna. Pfungwa yavo vakatapwa mumakore 10.

The creators of shongwe

Author chapero - Vladimir Osipovich Sherwood (1832-1897), yakakurumbira Russian womufananidzo, muvezi uye mapurani. Ndiye musiki yakakurumbira shongwe N. I. Pirogovu, iye ndezvaiye chirongwa of Historical Museum iri Red Square muMoscow, kuRussia, Portraits mazhinji vanhu vakakurumbira. Kuwedzera pakuvaka kereke yose inozvikudza uye unyanzvi V. I. Shervuda, uyo aiva mapurani uye muvezi, aiitawo konoro AI Lyashkin. The mhemberero wegumi - 11 December 1887 - pakutanga Ilyinsky paruzhinji mubindu rakanga akavaka chapel. Akadana Monument "Grenadiers -. Magamba Plevna"

kugadzwa

Opening kwakaitika vachitaridzika kwazvo: chipo zvizere guta remakurukota, mubati, Prince VA Dolgoruky, aimbova mukuru Grenadier Corps P. S. Ganetsky uye mukwikwidzi Plevnenskogo kurwa General MP Danilov. Uyezve, mashoko aripo "hafu-rongedza dzimwe choirs mashanu mumhanzi." Hits zvikamu Grenadier Corps, squadrons mana Moscow ravarwi akatora pachake Field Marshal Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich Mukuru, mukuru mukuru wehondo Danube. In vaitamba mutambo ezvinhu kuita kuchinjwa kuti shongwe kuMoscow, akanga paakavapa gavhuna Alekseev. Pane shanduro akatanga panzvimbo akaronga kuvaka shongwe chete kuna General M. D. Skobelevu, gamba muhondo wokuRussia-wokuTurkey. Kazhinji akapfeka zvichena, nguva dzose pamusoro bhiza jena, wakazviratidza pakati pakurwa, kutuswa pachako ushingi varwi. Pfungwa iyi watopiwa raunganidza mari, asi kuti zvimwe chikonzero akarambwa.

munhu National Monument

Plevna Chapel muMoscow masoja yokupukunyuka of Grenadier chemazana chehondo, uyewo kuvakwa mari yake iri kuyeuka mamwe masoja rawa. Kumbira kuti chapero ramangwana vakanga kukuru, asi vakaunganidza mari havasi kukwana zvose, saka, chepakuvamba zvivezwa vakatsiviwa dzakakwirira rusununguko (rokuyamura mufananidzo inomira pamusoro ndege neinopfuura hafu), asi kubva welaurel nezvishongo zvavo yaifanira achasiyiwa. Individual zvikamu kukandira simbi yacho shongwe dzakatorwa rukuru zvakarurama uye kunyatsoita: vazvo havasi kuoneka zvachose. Four yakakwirira reliefs kuti vashongedze chapero inoratidza zviitiko Russian-Turkish hondo, vokuTurkey chisimbiso mhosva iri Bulgarian munyika uye pezvaiitwa liberators Russian.

nevamwe patani

Octagonal Plevna Chapel muMoscow ari chapero tende-zvikamu muchinjikwa kusavimba, uye ane pasi nechigadziko. Pamahwendefa vane zvinyorwa uye kutaura, kuzivisa, vachikudza chiitiko, uye vakanzi shongwe, mazita vakafa grenadiers (mapurisa 18 uye varwi 542), akarongwa huru Battlefields. mbiru Kandai-simbi vaifanira kuva makirabhu kuti mipiro muchifarira zvirema mauto uye nemhuri dzavo. The menzvimbo chapero nenyembe usina kukonekita kubva Polychrome. Muno mukati masvingo dziri zvifananidzo zvevasande Orthodox, kunyanya kunamatwa mu Russia: Cyril naMethodius, Aleksandra Nevskogo, Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, St. Johani Warrior.

Common dambudziko zvivako zvechitendero panguva kusatendera

Hazvina kujeka Ndokusaka Zvivako kuti nyore vagari venyika Tsarist Russia vakaparadzwa. Sei kumboba plaques mazita vakaurayiwa uye umo kwemauto zvinogona kuuya batsira? Kunyange zvakadaro, kuti shongwe akanga dzichapambwa uye yakaparadzwa panguva yaitonga Soviet Union. Ataurazve akamutsa mubvunzo yawo kuparadzwa, iyo simbi pakati yenguruve simbi nechinangwa chokuita nazvo shongwe Kuibyshev. Sezvineiwo, ichi hazvina kuitika. Mukupera forties remakore rapfuura chapero kunyange zvakaguma mamwe kuitira - gilded akanyorwa uye akadzorera muchinjikwa. Kwemakore akawanda shongwe rakaparadzwa uye mweya. Mumakore 50 rakafukidza zvisaora nziyo, nei akanga dema. Akamira pamusoro mativi dema upenyu scarecrow kusvikira 1992, apo hurumende akamuisa Nicholas Kuznetsky temberi.

rumuko

Monument kuti Magamba Plevna Chapel akatanga vamutsidzirwezve kubvira 1999, apo seizvi Alexy II akatora uto kakasaririra pasi yake tutelage kushingaira kunyanya. Iye wakateya naye ateteguru farmstead, kufema saka chapero upenyu hutsva. Kubvira nhasi pano nguva dzose vaiva vaita chirangaridzo mabasa. akapora zvinoera abatidza yakaitwa March 1, 1998. Kunatsiridzwa nemari echechi yeRussian Orthodox, shongwe yakanaka chaizvo uye kujairika. kupora kwake zvinotora Society vanotsigira tsika Orthodox. Restoration inotungamirwa Professor Di Zarudin. Senguva dzose, kwaivawo vasingagutsikane basa rinoitwa, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kunyanya gilding vashatisa Monument, akatendeuka ndokuita yakatofanana. Chernen'kii akanga nani. Zviri pachena, wakanaka chapero, iro rine vapfumi kare yakadaro, iri raikosha kuMoscow. Asi mabhuku uye mabhaisikopu afarire mairi sezvo Muscovites uye vakokwa guru.

Paaidzidzisa nzvimbo

Plevna Chapel muMoscow ane zvinotevera kero: Moscow, Lubyanka kufamba (Metro chiteshi "China Town"). The Monument kunobatanidzwa ose vatungamiriri muguta guru, mashoko pamusoro zviri zvikuru iripo. Kukwezva iyi dzakakurumbira remadunhurirwa bhero sezvo rehurukuro chakafanana guru simbi bhero. Mumwe mapeji yakaisvonaka kwazvo vaiita workbook kukunda Russian - shongwe magamba Plevna muMoscow. How kusvika Paaidzidzisa V. I. Shervuda? Hatina dzatoona kuti pedyo pachivande yemapurisa, izvo richibatanidza zvose nzvimbo Moscow - "China Town". Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, kuti nzvimbo Ilyinsko gedhi, inova kereke, riri pakati muMoscow uye mumwe kiyi. Rinoreva kuti Tverskoy District, iri pakati Old uye New Square, Lubyanka pakufamba uye Ilinka. mugwagwa uyu anoenda akananga kuna shongwe pakati Spasskaya shongwe. Ndizvo mukati achifamba rwendo ari Kremlin ndiyo shongwe magamba Plevna. How kusvika nazvo nyika mabhazi? Kumisa "Ilyinsky Gates" vari trolleybuses nhamba 25 uye 45 bhazi H3 bhazi 325M. Asi vari kuuya vachibva dzimwe nzvimbo 4-5. The zvikuru yokuita dzekuendesa chero nzvimbo pakati guru pamusoro nepasi pevhu.