Phonetic-phonemic hypoplasia hwekutaura - kutyora ezita rairatidzika uye pakunzwisisa phonemes ne nzeve

Vabereki vanofara kana vana vavo vatange kududza mitinhimira wokutanga, ipapo mabhii uye nemashoko ari nyore. Kana -yevedza mwana--gore maviri matatu inoti "fyfka" panzvimbo "mukanyiwa" kana "pendi" panzvimbo "kenza", zvinoita kunonzwisiswa chaiwo. Asi kana mwana yachinja ina kana shanu, asi haana kutaura zvakawanda ruzha vanongogona, zvinokanganisa mashoko kana kutaura, saka kuti zvakaoma kunzwisisa, tinogona nechivimbo rokuongorora nayo FFNR. chidimbu ichi chinomirira phonetic uye phonemic kutaura underdevelopment. kukanganisa uku hakusi mururame zvingaita sokuti vamwe moms uye vanotiza. Kana mwana haasi kukwanisa aurally kusiyanisa vachiridza phonemes zvakafanana, izvozvo zvinenge anowanzokonzeresa naye nematambudziko chiperengo uye kuverenga, uyewo nomusoro zvirevo, nhetembo. mwana akadaro akaoma kujairana kuchikoro munharaunda, uye mune ramangwana kuziva pachake muupenyu. Saka, zvakakodzera kuchinja FFNR, uye kunyange kuenda kukireshi zera.

Nyaya iyi inotipa nei vana vane zvinetso zviri emashoko, uye ndedzipi nzira kuzogadzirisa kuremara ichi.

Phonetic-phonemic hypoplasia rwokutaura pakutaura kurapa: chii?

Pane tsanangudzo chii chinoumba FFNR yakajeka. Mukutaura mushonga, ichi chinomirira kutyora inotungamirwa yevanhu pezvakaitwa proiznositelnoj mutauro ezvinhu kunokonzerwa urema kuteerera uye mataurirwo aro phonemes. We tsanangura chii phoneme. Iri izwi rinoreva shoma chairema mutauro smyslorazdelitelnuyu chivara rinoenderana pfungwa "inzwi". Vabereki vari nguva dzose kushamisika pavanonzwa mwana zvakakwana chirwere "kutyora phonemic kunzwa." Chokwadi kuti pane pfungwa mbiri kunzwa - zvoutachiona (kukwanisa kuziva kunzwa manzwi nyika yakatipoteredza) uye phonemic (kukwanisa pachena kusiyanisa uye ongorora phonemes). Kana kuputswa, vana kunzwa zvakanaka mukuru, asi haagoni kusiyanisa zvakafanana ruzha, zvakadai so "" kubva "g" kana "b" kubva "n". Somugumisiro, anodzokorora uye kurangarira zvavanotaura asi sei vanzwa zvataurwa. Panyaya iyi, ungwaru mwana anogona kuva panguva yakakodzera zera pamwero.

kupatsanura

Speech zvirwere kungava munyoro, mune svikiro uye rinorema.

Chiedza kunoitika apo mwana haagoni kusiyanisa uye kutaura zvimwe phonemes kunyanya kunzwisisa chete kana mubatanidzwa dzaro.

Paavhareji chimiro kunokwanisa kuonekwa kana kutyora mutemo nokurira pachisara zvakawanda zvakakomba. Panyaya iyi, mwana asingadi kutsauranisa zvakarurama uye haritauri kuchikosha nhamba phonemes. Pakuverenga uye kunyora vana vakadaro zvikanganiso chaizvo pakukurukurirana nemazvo bereka kuti mabhii mashoko.

Zvakakomba dzinoratidzwa yakadzika phonetic zvirwere. Vana vane dambudziko iri regai kusiyanisa phonemes nokuda nzeve, handizivi kuti govera navo mashoko, kuti kumisa urongwa hwavo, kuumba mabhii mashoko. Dzinenge nguva dzose apo kwazvo akochonorwa uye zvakaoma kunzwisisa vamwe kutaura FFNR vana.

zvikonzero

Phonetic-phonemic hypoplasia pakutaura - icho kuremara kuti vachiberekwa kana vawana. Vachiberekwa anogona kuitika nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:

- vamwe nhaka zvirwere;

- zvakakomba toxemia akazvitakura;

- siyana rezuz chikonzero ropa mwana uye namai;

- zvakaoma kubereka, umo mune neonatal kukuvara;

- asphyxia;

- noutachiona uye mupfungwa ari mukadzi panguva yepamuviri.

Vakatodzidza phonetic-phonemic hypoplasia hwekutaura - chakaremara, riri kuumbwa pasi pokudzora evanhu, mudzimba uye dzimwe ezvinhu zvemhoteredzo, apo mwana kukurisa. The zvinokonzera underdevelopment kutaura mwana angava:

- nhengo kukuvara of Vocal midziyo;

- yaivhuvhuta munzanga uye, somugumisiro, mararamire umo mwana anogara;

- Bilingualism mumhuri;

- kukwana kutaura mamiriro (mwana zuva rose make, kushanda kuroorana naye);

- zvikanganiso zviri pakuvaka dentition;

- psihotravmaticheskie mamiriro ezvinhu;

- zvirwere auditory uye zvinooneka (zvakaratidza kuti ruzhinji vana vane matambudziko nokuona uye / kana kunzwa, ipapo FFNR).

zviratidzo

Phonetic-phonemic hypoplasia pakutaura - akaremara kutaura mwana kwete chete. abnormality Izvi zvinogona chiratidzo zvakakomba yokutyora mune utano duku yevanhu, yakadai se:

- mahwanda muromo uye / kana mukanwa;

- kukwirira mukanwa (anonzi gothic);

- nokuruma kuremara;

- CNS kuibvisa kunonoka (kwete kuti kuvhiringidzwa palsy);

- zvirwere zvomukati uye hurongwa.

Vana vane FFNR vangava zvinhu maitiro akadaro uye kutaurirana:

- kushaya Kujeka nekunyatsotsanangura (pakutaura midziyo havagoni nemazvo bereka kuti phoneme);

- Kusagadzikana kunzwa;

- nematambudziko nokuchinja kubva imwe kirasi vachienda kune imwe;

- the Kurambidzwa uwandu ndangariro;

- matambudziko kunzwisisa uye kutsanangura zvisiri pachena;

- dzikatadza kutaura phonemes kuparadzanisa kubva dzichitaurwa mashoko;

- zvikanganiso kushandisa Zvireva mwene uye idzidziso mashoko zvakarurama nyaya.

Panguva imwecheteyo, vana kwavo nemashoko yakakwana zera.

What zvokuzvivaraidza FFNR

Phonetic-phonemic hypoplasia kutaura panguva kuenda kukireshi uye chikoro chepuraimari vana vanoratidza kutyorwa vakadaro zvukoproiznosheniya:

- zvachose yokutsiva kuridza zvakavaomera nyore (kwete "mufananidzo" uye "kaltina", kwete "tsikidzi" uye "CCT");

- transposition manzwi namashoko (kwete "asi", uye "COP");

- anoitwa mashoko kusava kubva nomumwe mabhii dzavo (kwete "watchmaker" uye "chaschik", kwete "kusimudza" uye "Poma");

- "kumedza" munhu rinonzwika nemashoko (kwete "chitundumuseremusere" uye "Aketi", kwete "ine muto" uye "chin'ai");

- unsustainable kushandiswa phonemes (muzvimwe zviitiko mwana anogona kureva navo zvakanaka, mune vamwe - nokukanganisa);

- musanganiswa mazwi;

- yaitsiva mumwe ruzha akawanda (somuenzaniso, kurira "hove dzakawanda" uye "c" uye "H" anotaurwa "T").

- yaitsiva mabhii pamwe nesimba phonemes (kwete "chivharo" uye "syapka", kwete "kapu" uye "Syasko").

Vana ava FFNR sokunge wezvakakora, diction yavo damerau. Gare gare ivo vakachengeta dysgraphia, ndiko kuti, havasi kunyora uyewo dzinonzwa.

Diagnostics

Kutyora zvukoproiznosheniya vana pasina kurapwa kunogona kuva dambudziko rakakura uye vanofanira kubata kwakakanganisa. In pamberi kuremara yakadaro mwana anofanira kupfuura misoro kuongorora ane chiremba kushanyirwa mumwe chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura, pfava, ophthalmologist, wetsinga uye chiremba. The shoma murwere aisa chaiyo kutaura kadhi iyo chiremba inodaro ruzivo pamusoro mararamiro pamuviri, mai vake, zvinhu yokuberekwa uye kukura mwedzi upenyu chokutanga.

Pfava kupa pfungwa pamusoro mamiriro kunzwa rubatsiro, optometrist manotsi kana pane matambudziko chiratidzo, uye chiremba - kuvapo kana kusavapo comorbidities.

Uyezve, isu kuongorora mamiriro uye kufamba kuti murwere nekunyatsotsanangura midziyo uye kuyera mamiriro ari Vocal uye kufema mabasa.

Speech chiremba kuitisa nemiedzo kuti uzive kuti kutyorwa mhando zvukoproiznosheniya ane mwana (yaitsiva ruzha, nokunyadzwa, kusarurama uye zvichingodaro).

mabatiro

Apo chirwere kuti "FFNR" sadikovskogo zera vana vanyoresa logopedichesuyu boka chaiyo, iyo anobata chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura navo. Kururamiswa phonetic-phonemic kutaura underdevelopment rinoitwa matanho matatu:

1. Preparatory. Mudzidzisi anoitisa dzinoverengeka mabasa kuti kusimbisa vakomana ezita mazwi kare chamukunda (mavhawero uye nemavara, zvakaoma uye munyoro), anopa mabasa nenzira tamba nzira, vana vanokura vavo phonemic manzwisisire mazwi aya, avo ongororo.

2. Kusiyanisa. Panguva iyi mwana anodaidzwa kuenzanisa nzeve zvakanaka vakadzidza phonemes pamwe vachiridza zvakafanana. Special kutarisirwa vanofanira kupiwa nzvanyira rinonzwika pakati mataurirwo emashoko kuti Kujeka kutaura seboka kunoenderana.

3. Final. Danho iri rakaoma zvikuru. Mwana anodzidza pfungwa ye "werudzii", "kuridza", "shoko", zvidzidzo, ndedzipi machemero kuti kuwanda kweshoko, anoita Kuongororwa uye kwetunhu mabhii, kudzidza kushandura mashoko nokutsiva mavhawero kana consonants (semuenzaniso, "Poppy" - "varnish", "nzombe" - "mugodhi").

Hand injini unyanzvi muvana vane FFNR

Absolutely yakavimbika yakasimbiswa kuti ukuru inotungamirwa chaiwo anokunyengedzera fambisa minwe zvakananga zvakunoita FFNR pakutaura mishonga. Zvinorevei? Kutaura Human ndiwo mugumisiro kwakarongeka basa dzakawanda uropi chinopa mirairo articular miviri. Masayendisiti akawana kuti mune vana yakanaka injini unyanzvi eminwe zvakafanana zera, kutaura kukura zvakare asangana mitemo. Saka, vana vane FFNR zvakakodzera makirasi, kukudziridza motokari unyanzvi:

- kutamba minwe;

- muchiitwa nokuti maoko uye nemimwe;

- chaiwo muviri (shangu wezvidimbu zvitarisiko, stringing marozari, rakaumbwa kubva nevhu, kupenda mifananidzo).

nekunyatsotsanangura zviitwa

Chinangwa Zvirongwa izvi ndiko kusimbisa tsandanyama ose nekunyatsotsanangura mwana (rurimi, miromo, nyoro mukanwa), kukura kufamba kwavo uye kurovedza avo kusiyaniswa kufamba. Zviri nyore chaizvo kuti ndiite zvokusimbisa muviri pamberi girazi kana nokushandiswa dzinokosha zvinhu (wezvokurapa spatula vanhuwo nezvirongo, minyatso, uye nezvimwe). Somuenzaniso, mutsindo "hove dzakawanda" anogona kudzidziswa kutaura achishandisa muviri kwakadaro:

1. "Fence" (tatamuka kuitira kuti vaonekwe okumusoro mazino, uye ipapo clamped ravo kunyemwerera miromo).

2. "Hwindo" (muromo wake kuonekwa, uye okumusoro mazino uye ezasi).

3. "Spatula" (zvishoma muromo, vakapararira-gondo riri nechepazasi muromo rurimi uye vachiti "Fr Sa-Fr Sa-Fr Sa". Mutauro Wide kuomerera azvidavirire 10).

4. "Cup" (unofanira muromo wako zvishoma rakasiyana, kusimudza mutauro, hazvina kubata mazino, uye edza kusimudza kumicheto uye muromo).

5. "Delicious jamhu" (hwayo-muromo, padzichananzva miromo yake, anozunungusa rurimi hausi kuruboshwe-kodzero uye kumusoro-pasi).

Kufembera uye kudzivirira

Kuti pakanga pasina kutsaudzira ari mwana matauriro kukura, zvakakodzera kuchengeta nguva purogiramu navo. Mumwedzi zvoupenyu wokutanga, vanofanira kwiza minwe, tichinoona kukurukura nemwana. Mune ramangwana, akawedzera akasiyana-siyana mitambo, nezera, kuverenga mabhuku uye zvichingodaro. Pfungwa inokosha iri kugara kune wevana uye vanachiremba kuti tizive zvinobvira zvarakasiya mukutanga nezvishoma. Kana mwana wacho kutaura kururamiswa akatanga nenguva, sezvo mutemo, zvazvakaipira zvinopedzwa zvachose.