Nikolai Erdman: Biography, mapikicha. Nikolai Erdman uye Angelina Stepanova

iwe Soviet akapfuma mazita akawanda anozivikanwa vanhu: vanyori uye scriptwriters uye playwrights. Mumwe izvi hwemashiripiti vatungamiri akanga Nikolai Erdman, ane Biography anozivikanwa zvishoma. Asi ndiye akanyora screenplays chakadaro inonyatsozivikanwa mafirimu panguva yaitonga Soviet Union, sezvo "Volga-Volga" uye "Jolly Vakomana". Chimbofunga nyaya youpenyu uyu uye basa rake zvizere.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Nikolai Erdman iri rekare remakore, akaberekwa muna 1900. guta rake chizvarwa raiva Moscow. Vabereki ramangwana screenwriter uye munyori wemitambo vaiva vemarudzi akasiyana: mai Valentina Borisovna aiva midzi vechiJudha, uye baba vake, Robert Karlovich akabva kuBaltic eGermany.

The ramangwana munyori uye nyanduri tsime riri kudzidzwa uye vakakwanisa kuratidza pacharo sezvo mudzidzi rakaisvonaka muna Petropavlovsk yezvokutengeserana chikoro.

The chimurenga akamuwana namanomwe majaya, iye payakakurudzirwa kwakachinja upenyu hwake. Muna 1919 iye akanzi kupinda Red Army, Nikolai Erdman akakwanisa demobilize gore.

Mushure demobilization rimwe jaya vakawira kubva okusika hwaiitwa Moscow. Akava kufarira akakurumbira ipapo imagism, akanyora nhetembo nziyo, izvo panguva iyoyo kuitwa cabaret, satirical mabasa uye mitambo. Nokukurumidza zita rake chakazozivikanwa muna chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo ezvinhu, uye musikana munyori akakokwa yemitambo sezvo mumwe munyori wemitambo, ane unopinza uye akaoma musoro kunyora.

makore pakati

The maviri remakore rechi20 vakanga Erdman zvibereko chaizvo. Iye collaborated pamwe mukurumbira V. E. Meyerholdom. Yaiva Nikolai Erdman akanyora magwaro ose Mitambo rinonzi "The Suicide" uye "murayiro", iro sowakajeka akanga kufanorongwa panguva Moscow dzemitambo.

Muna 1927, munyika upenyu munyori wemitambo kwenguva itsva - akava scriptwriter. The kupfuura nomukurumbira makore iwayo manyorero ake rakanyorwa kuti firimu "Jolly Vakomana". Zvisinei, muna 1933, scriptwriter, akasungwa akasunungurwa pakutapwa chete pashure pamakore matatu.

Ataura Erdman vaisagona kugara muMoscow, aifanira kugara Ryazan uye kuKalinin. Muna 1940, munyori yakatamira Saratov.

Apo Mukuru Patriotic War, Erdman akatumwa shure sezvo vasingavimbiki enyika vanhu. Zvisinei, yaiva hondo yakachinja upenyu emunyori. Pamwe chete konzati bhurigedhi, akatanga kuenda kuhondo fronts, kuita sezvo mutambi uye reciter.

Pashure pehondo, mugumo akanyemwerera Edman, uye akaedza kuita nokuzvininipisa uye regai protrude zvakawanda kutsoropodza hutungamiri munyika (nokuti paunotsoropodzwa kwakadaro, uye akasungwa kamwe). Akashanda somutariri munyori, kunyanya sezvo mumwe munyori wemitambo, iye collaborated pamwe vaitungamirira dzemitambo munyika, uye muna 1951 akanga paakavapa ari Stalin Prize.

Nikolai Erdman akafa muna 1970, akavigwa muMoscow.

Erdman uye NKVD

Nhoroondo yokutanga kusungwa Erdman yakatanga kusvika 1933. Ipapo mukuru firimu, pamwe Nikolai Erdman aigara Gagra, apo vanhu vakanga anokanda mifananidzo "Jolly Vakomana". Zvisinei, havana hwakaguma zvinosuruvarisa kuti Erdman. Akasungwa ne NKVD. Vaongorori basa rake anoratidza kuti chikonzero kusungwa raiva mashoko ari ngano, satirical damning mufananidzo Stalin, rakanyorwa Erdmann, uye verenga rimwe mabhuku manheru Katchalov mutambi.

Kuwedzera vasungwe Erdman akamirira mumwe mwoyo - wekambani G. Alexandrov akamanikidzwa zvinomuomera kuikanganwa zita rake kubva Tera kuti "Jolly Vakomana".

Zvisinei, mumakore iwayo nehasha Erdmann akanyatsosvika zvakakwana: asi usina kufukidzwa munyori kuSiberia (mu Yeniseysk, uye ipapo - dzokuTomsk). Kusunungurwa pakutapwa yakanga chete muna 1936. Zvisinei, munyori wemitambo vakanga vatyora kodzero makore mashomanana uye aifanira kuva pedyo muguta Moscow, vasingagoni kurarama guru, iro akaberekwa.

Nikolai Erdman uye Angelina Stepanova: rudo nyaya

Bright peji iri munyori wemitambo hwomunhu vakatanga aidanana mutambi Angelina Stepanova. Erdman uye Stepanova vakasangana muMoscow muna 20s. mhuri Vose (kunyange Erdman aigara nomumiririri wehurumende mumwe vachitamba, asi Stepanova muchato akanga pamutemo uye vanoremekedzwa). Somugumisiro, akatanga chamupupuri dzorudo mbiri vanhu zvipo, uyo akaramba muupenyu uye tsamba.

Angelina Stepanova asingagoni kurwa upenyu huviri uye akasiya murume wake, asi Erdman asina kukurumidza kuva vasaroora. Asi nyaya yavo rwakatora. Stepanova haana kusiyiwa Erdmann kunyange apo mukomana wake akasungwa. Uyezve, zviri iye ari yakakurumbira mutambi, akakwanisa vawanire nokuda kwake vakasanangurwa vasanyanya ake mugumo. Love mutambi kuna Edman akanga zvikuru zvokuti akaita naye kuzomuona anoda pachivande kubatana.

Zvisinei, pashure pokudzidza kuti Erdmann uye haasi kuenda kuparadzana nomudzimai wake zvakafanana-law, Stepanov haaizorarama ichi ichivhuvhuta uye ukama naye anoda. Nokudzivira matsamba avo vava nemakore anenge 7.

Zvakabuda rudo mutambo

Destiny Erdman uye Stepanova rwakakamukana. The mutambi akaroorwa munyori Alexander Fadeyev. Vaimbove vanoda akasangana makore 22 chete gare gare. On musangano uyu bata Stepanova akanyora kwake dhayari somunhu asingakanganwiki nguva muupenyu hwake. The zvakawanda havana kumboona.

Stepanov akadzidza pamusoro Erdman rufu, ari pamusoro rwavakaita muKiev. Pamariro yake, iye nemaune haana kuenda.

Mukadzi uyu simba uye yakanaka vakapona wake anoda kwemakore 30. Panopera upenyu, achidurura mweya wake dhayari yake, iye zvakaomarara akayeuka nhoroondo rudo rwake, achida kuti Erdman vakanga kuponesa manzwiro ako. Stepanova zvakare kumbozvidemba zvakasimba Erdman zvakafanorongwa, muchitenda kuti akanga aine tarenda rake guru uye haana kutarisira kutora nzvimbo yakakodzera mabhuku Russian.

Pamwe chete yemitambo musi Taganka

mabasa mazhinji akanyorwa kuti upenyu hwake Erdman Nikolay Robertovich, Biography uyu munhu kubvuma.

In yechipiri yezana hwake rokusika apo munyori musatendera chete mutoro makore apfuura, asi shungu hunhu "wokusavimbika", akabatsira chaizvo shamwari yake yakanaka - theatre Director Yuri Lyubimov. With Lyubimov Erdman akasangana muhondo (vaishanda pamwe chete pamberi Kantserna bhurigedhi).

It Lyubimov, unyanzvi uye anenge munhu, aikwanisa kuona Nikolae Robertoviche untapped tarenda. Lyubimov, achiva mukuru mukuru, akaisa dzakawanda Erdmann anotamba padariro yemitambo. Zviri nemhaka Taganka Theater Erdmann akakwanisa kamwe zvakare kunzwa vateereri akabvunza mumwe munyori wemitambo.

Okugadzira zvinhu Erdman: kinoraboty vana

Modern vatsoropodzi vanodavira kuti Erdman Nikolay Robertovich vasingatongosviki kunyatsoona kuti tarenda ravo unoshamisa. Akanyorawo manyorero kukuru nokuda mafirimu, iyo zvino mamiriyoni vanoiona akatarira mubereko.

Erdman aiva chipo pazvose, kunyange paakanga achishanda ari script for rengano ( 'Moto, mvura uye zvikwepa mhangura, "" Jack Frost "," Guta Masters "uye zvichingodaro. D.). Mushure asungwa uye nhapwa firimu vakatya kukoka iye ushande script for chakakomba firimu, asi multiples akaitira Erdman edza mamwe akavimbika, saka akaita sechinhu manyorero munyori zvinopfuura 30 cartoons Soviet. Pakati pavo vane cartoons akakurumbira akadai "shoma murume akawembura ini", "The Adventures pamusoro Pinocchio", "Thumbelina", uye zvichingodaro. D.

Ukoshi zvisikwa Erdman

Vakawanda vakanga noruzivo muupenyu hwake mudetembi, munyori, screenwriter uye munyori wemitambo Nikolai Erdman. Photos of murume uyu akaita muupenyu hwake, ngationei kuti chiso chake. Kana mifananidzo ouduku vateereri zvishoma chibhende Kutarira wechiduku munyori uyo anorota kuziva pachavo muupenyu, asi gare gare tinoona isingafadzi chiso chomunhu vakaneta.

Vamwe vakararama anonzi Erdmann muruzi. Pashure pezvose, pasinei tarenda rake, akanga asingakwanisi kuziva zvakazara pachavo mumabhuku, akapona mujeri, nhapwa uye kurambidza mabasa ake, uye muupenyu hwake pachake, pasinei michato matatu, munyori haana kutora nzvimbo. Hongu, zvaiva zvose muupenyu Nikolai Erdman, asi zvakadaro murume akanga zvakawanda kuita pasi, saka zita rake rirege huchizongova yokukanganwa.