Neuroleptic - kuti ... Action neuroleptics. mazita neuroleptics

Neuroleptic - rinokosha mushonga rinoshandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana chirwere chepfungwa. Kazhinji, munowanika inoshandiswa pakurapa neuropathic syndromes, psychosis, mushonga uyewo chinogona kushandiswa zvisipo. Uyewo, mishonga antipsychotic vari Nachiremba kudzivisa chikuru kuratidzwa kwepfungwa zvirwere muvanhu.

The chikuru Migumisiro gadziriro

Migumisiro neuroleptics vari chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Huru pharmacological unhu - rudzi inoita kuti zvinhu zvidzikame, izvo dzinoratidzwa rutapudzo kwomusikirwo zviwane zvoderedza kuvhiringidzika kunetsana uye nokusagadzikana, kuti kudzvinyirira nokutya, ungaderedza sehasha. zvinodhaka Antipsychotic anogona kudzvinyirira zvisipo, zvinovadadira nezvimwe vepfungwa zviratidzo, vane muviri kushanda muna varwere vanenge schizophrenia uye nezvimwe psychosomatic zvirwere.

Vamwe zvinodhaka kuti boka iri antiemetic basa, chiito pamusoro neuroleptics kunokwanisika nokuda kwokusarudza chinovhiringidza chemoreceptor rukungiso (ude) zvikamu medulla oblongata. Vamwe antipsychotics vanogona kunyaradza kana simba (inofadza) kushanda. Vanoverengeka date zvinhu inozivikanwa pachishandiswa normotimicheskoe uye antidepressive chiito.

Pharmacological ehupfumi pa zvinodhaka neuroleptic siyana kunoratidzwa kuna madhigirii siyana. Tikafunga chezvinhu antipsychotic kushanda nezvimwe zvivako inorondedzera Profile of matambudziko avo uye zvairatidza.

Sei antipsychotics?

Antipsychotics - zvinodhaka kuti mwoyo simba pamusoro reticular inotungamirwa wouropi. Drug Action Data Runowanzobatanidzwawo simba pamusoro kuwanikwa uye vakabata excitation dzakasiyana Links ari nechepakati uye peripheral tsinga. Nhasi, vazhinji vakadzidza ndiwo mugumisiro neuroleptics semurevereri rokuchinja kwemasayendisiti muuropi. Masayendisiti akaunganidza mashoko zvakakwana pamusoro migumisiro vamiririri izvi pamusoro adrenergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic, uye GABAergic neurotransmitter nemamwe maitiro izvo zvinosanganisira sei neuropeptide uye pfungwa gadziriro. Kunyanya yakawanda hanya vachangobva yakapiwa nedanho nekuita kuti dopamine uropi zvivako uye neuroleptics. Kana chinovhiringidza vangareverera webasa dopamine rinowanika chikuru divi migumisiro zvinodhaka izvi, anovandudza anonzi neuroleptic chirwere dzinoratidzwa extrapyramidal zvinetso, semuenzaniso, akadai involuntary tsandanyama marwadzo, akathisia (wokusagadzikana), parkinsonism (tremor, tsandanyama Rigidity), kupinduka pinduka, fivha . Izvi zvinoitwa nokuda ichivharira mugumisiro neuroleptics mu subcortical hurongwa uropi apo vemunyika vakawanda receptors kuti vane hanya dopamine.

Kuratidza divi Migumisiro antipsychotic zvinodhaka - chiri chiitiko nokuda rakasungwa mishonga uye kugadzwa dzinokosha correctors (zvinodhaka "Akineton", "Cyclodol").

pharmacodynamics

Neuroleptic - mumwe mushonga, kuita pamusoro nechepakati dopamine receptors chinokurwadzai zvimwe kwemakemikari anobudiswa zvinetso, kusanganisira avo pasi kwavo simba iri mutange lactation. Kana ichivharira neuroleptics pituitary dopamine receptors kunowedzera secretion kuti prolactin. Achiita pamusoro hypothalamus, mishonga iyi tunodzivisa secretion kuwedzera kemikari uye corticotropin.

Antipsychotics - zvinodhaka kuti vane pfupi hafu-upenyu mumuviri, uye pashure chete Kutarisirwa, vane pfupi nomugumisiro. Masayendisiti akasika chinokosha zvinodhaka refu nguva chiito ( "din dhepoti", "Geloperidola decanoate," "Piportil L4", "klopiksol dhepoti"). antipsychotics kazhinji pamwe mumwe mangwanani kutora mushonga kunobatsira, rechipiri - a kunyaradza. Kuti Pakuchange kuvhiringidzika-delusional chirwere inokurudzirwa kutora pavanoparidza antidepressants uye antipsychotics.

zvairatidza

Kugamuchira ushandiswe antipsychotics, kunyanya chokubata nozogeny paranoid siyana (vasanonoka siyana) uye chisingaperi somatoform marwadzo nyonganyonga.

Mirayiro varwere date

neuroleptic kurapwa ndiye anosarudza pamwe yechipiri kuenda kuchirapa dose, uye ipapo kuyera sei uye kusarudza kuda kuchinja chipimo chemushonga. The chipimo chemushonga pamusoro neuroleptics nokukurumidza yakura imwe kukura, iyo zvino zvishoma nezvishoma wakaderedzwa muna 3-5 nguva, uye kurapa pamuka Anti-ichitsigira hunhu. Kushandura basa chitsama zvinodhaka riri kunoparirwa nomunhu. On Nokuraramisa mishonga apfuura vanosvika vaida kuchirapa mugumisiro. Muperekedzei Anti-kuitazve kurapa nani nezvinodhaka kuti uwedzerwe chiito. The nzira kwokubatsira psychotropic zvinodhaka kunokosha. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kurapwa, parenteral Kutarisirwa inokurudzirwa umo chivezwa zviratidzo kunoitika nokukurumidza (intravenous bolus, intravenous inodonha, intramuscular). Uyezve zvinganaka nomuromo kutora neuroleptics. List of inonyatsobudirira zvinodhaka achapiwa pazasi.

Drug "Propazin"

chokushandisa ichi ane kunyaradza nomugumisiro, kunoderedza kushushikana uye locomotor basa. Mishonga inoshandiswa pamuganhu nepfungwa pavarwere vane somatic zvirwere, kana varipo anokangaidza, phobic zvirwere, nyanyisa. Tora mushonga mukati 2-3 kanomwe pazuva 25 MG, kana zvichidikanwa - the dose anogona ngazviwedzerwe kusvika 100-150 MG pazuva. Kana kushandisa mishonga diki pakati kuratidzwa Parkinson, chirwere sezvo mutemo, hauna kuchengetwa.

Drug "Etaperazin"

Antipsychotic medicament ane simba maturo uye kunokanganisa syndromes vari pedyo lethargy, kuvhiringidzika, lethargy inozivikanwa. Mukuwedzera, zvinodhaka "Etaperazin" rinoshandiswa kuti mishonga netsinga, achiperekedzwa kushushikana, kutya, kuzvidya mwoyo. The daily dose of medicament ndiyo 20 MG.

Rinoreva "Triftazin"

Protivobredovym mushonga une mucherechedzo nomugumisiro Unotsigira hallucinatory zvirwere. The medicament ine mwero havi (inofadza) kushanda. Rinogona kushandiswa pakurapa atypical mwoyo chete chinonakidza kuti madiro. Nokuti kurapa somatoform zvirwere mushonga "Triftazin" pamwe antidepressants uye mapiritsi. The chipimo chemushonga pamusoro medicament ndiyo 20-25 MG pazuva.

Drug "teralen"

The medicament ane antihistaminic uye neuroleptic basa. Kugadzirira "teralen" ari kunyaradza munyoro uye kunobatsirawo mu sinestopaticheski ipohondricheskih zviratidzo muganhu kunyoresa psychosomatic zviratidzo kuti kuva pamusoro kutapuriranwa somatogenic, vascular kuratidzirwa mu neuro pathologies. Zvinowanzoshandiswa gerontological tsika uye Pediatrics. Akakurudzira dzokushandisa sema zvirwere uye ganda maronda. Mushonga mukati 10-40 MG pazuva, intramuscularly kushandiswa senzira 0.5% mhinduro.

Rinoreva "Tiridazin"

The mushonga une antipsychotic mugumisiro pamwe kuzorodza pasina anokonzera nyaradzo uye lethargy. Uyewo, iyo medicament rine mwero timolepticheskoe chiito. Inobudirira zvikuru mushonga pa mupfungwa anoratidza rastrojstvah, vaine mupfungwa, kufunganya, asina kuzvironga. In pakurapa pamuganhu ezvinhu vakashandisa 40-100 MG zvinodhaka pazuva. Kana zviitiko zvakadai neurasthenia, kushatirwa, kufunganya, neurogenic dzichipfekeka gastrointestinal uye zvemwoyo zvinetso vari mushonga 2-3 kanomwe pazuva nokuda 5/10/25 MG. Premenstrual huta nyonganyonga - 1-2 kanomwe pazuva 25 MG.

Drug "Chlorprothixenum"

mishonga Antipsychotic uye ane kunyaradza Chaizvoizvo, anowedzera zvinokonzerwa hypnotic zvinodhaka. Aishandisa zvinodhaka mune psychoneurotic ezvinhu anozivikanwa nokutya, mwoyo. Kushandisa zvinodhaka unoratidzwa neurosis, kusanganisira tikafunga siyana somatic zvirwere, hope zvirwere, ganda maronda, subdepressive mamiriro. zvinoreva kuti 5-10-15 MG dose, tora mishonga pashure kudya 3-4 kanomwe pazuva.

Drug "Flyuanksol"

chokushandisa ichi ane antidepressive, simba, anxiolytic mugumisiro. In pakurapa kuora inoti kutora apathic 0.5-3 MG zvinodhaka pazuva. Nokuti pakurapa psychosomatic zvirwere pamwe subdepression, asthenia, hypochondriacal kuratidzwa nezuva dose ndiyo 3 MG. Medicament "Flyuanksol" haakonzeri masikati nehope uye hakuna kumbochinja kukoshesa.

Rinoreva "Eglonil"

The mushonga pamutemo zvainoita CNS, ane mwero neuroleptic basa, izvo pamwe nevamwe antidepressant uye rinodhaka nemigumisiro. It rinoshandiswa ezvinhu ayo kuburikidza muutera, lethargy, anergy inozivikanwa. Shandisa pavarwere vane somatoform, somatisation zvirwere pamusoro kumashure subdepressive mwoyo uye ganda zvirwere, achiperekedzwa kuvaviwa. mishonga iyi kunyanya zvinoratidzwa kushandiswa pavarwere maari pane chimiro akavanzika mwoyo, senestopaticheskie disorder. Zvinonzi zvakare ashandise zvinodhaka "Eglonil" ne mwoyo ne raidudzwa cephalgic urwere, kuvapo nezvekufadza zvakadai vertigo uye migraine. The turusi anewo cytoprotective zvainoita gastric mucosa, saka rinoshandiswa kuti mishonga ezvinhu akadai gastritis, duodenal urikanwi uye dumbu, kutsamwa bowel chirwere, chirwere Crohn vake. The varumbidzwa dose - 50-100 MG pazuva, nezuva dose anogona ngazviwedzerwe 150-200 MG kana zvakakodzera. Mishonga anogona kutorwa akabatana sedating antidepressants.

Side anokonzerwa neuroleptics

Kufanana mimwe zvinodhaka, akaipa zvinhu zviri, uye antipsychotics, akaongororazve vaya vaishandisa nzira dzakadai anoratidza zvinoita kukura nemigumisiro. kushandiswa Long-rokuti kana kushandisa zvinodhaka izvi zvinogona kukonzera zvinotevera zvakavapo:

• All nokukurumidza inofamba, munhu zvisina zvinofamba kwakasiyana-siyana, kazhinji pane kumhanya. Rasa nyanyisa pfungwa, kudzikama, kuwana kusununguka chinzvimbo, iwe unogona chete pashure negashiro psychotropic zvinodhaka.

• Pane kuramba kwebasa eyeballs, tsandanyama chiso uye dzakasiyana-siyana dzomuviri, grimacing.

• Nokuda kuparadzwa tsandanyama dzechiso achinje zvinhu ake. "Nokushapira" munhu anogona kumbobvira kudzokera dzose, kugara munhu kusvikira parufu rwake.

• Nokuda yevanorwara zvikuru neuroleptics uye kudzvinyirirwa tsinga hwapedyo zvikuru mwoyo, izvo yekudyidzana hunobata kubudirira kurapwa.

• Neuroleptic - mushonga kuti ine yakananga zvainoita nemudumbu, saka kurapa Data mishonga dzinganzwa mudumbu kusanzwa, muromo yakaoma.

• Kwakadaro zvinhu anoumba neuroleptics sezvo thioxanthene uye phenothiazine, kukanganisa chiratidzo kwevanhu.

atypical antipsychotics

zvinodhaka akadaro mukuru zvainoita kweserotonin receptors pane dopamine. Naizvozvo, anxiolytic uye kunyaradza mugumisiro vane zvakawanda raidudzwa pane antipsychotic. Kusiyana nezvaiitwa neuroleptics, ivo zvishoma kukanganisa uropi.

Funga huru atypical antipsychotics.

Medicament "Sulpiride"

mushonga iri rakashandiswa mabatiro ezvinhu akadai somatized chirwere chepfungwa, hypochondriacal, senestopaticheskie syndromes. The medicament ane mugumisiro simba ari kuita.

Drug "Solian"

Kuitwa chokushandisa ichi zvakafanana yapfuura kugadzirira. It rinoshandiswa ezvinhu pamwe hypobulia, vasingakendengi kuratidzirwa kuitira cupping hallucinatory-delusional zvirwere.

Rinoreva "Clozapine"

The mushonga ine mavara kunyaradza chaizvoizvo, asi haakonzeri depression. Used mushonga pakurapa catatonic uye hallucinatory-delusional syndromes.

Rinoreva "Olanzalin"

The mushonga rinoshandiswa mune pfungwa zvirwere uye catatonic syndrome. With kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba zvinodhaka zvingamuka kufutisa.

Drug "Risperidone"

Izvi zvinoreva atypical kushandiswa rinonyanya. Zvokuwedzera mushonga une maturo pamusoro hallucinatory-delirious zviratidzo, catatonic chiratidzo, nyanyisa-muropa nyonganyonga.

Rinoreva "Rispolept-Consta"

Uyu-refu kuita mushonga kuti nechokumusoro varwere utano. Uyewo zvinoreva anoratidza yakakwirira efficacy pamusoro chakasimba hallucinatory-paranoid syndromes endrogennogo Genesisi.

Medicament "Quetiapine"

mushonga uyu, sedzimwe atypical antipsychotics, inobata zvose dopamine uye panguva seratoninovye receptors. Rinoshandiswa nenzira paranoid, hallucinatory syndromes, nemanic mafaro. Mishonga ine antidepressant uye zvine mwero anzi stimulatory kushanda.

Drug "Ziprasidone"

Zvinoreva kunechekuita ari dopamine D-2 receptors, 5-HT-2 Kanotokonya namatombo kuti reuptake kuti norepinephrine uye kweserotonin. It anosarudza kugona kwaro pakurapa chakasimba hallucinatory-delusional uye kuvhiringidzika nepfungwa. Kushandisa zvinodhaka riri contraindicated pamberi arrhythmias uye abnormalities pakati kumwoyo.

Rinoreva "Aripiprazole"

The mushonga rinoshandiswa marudzi ose pfungwa zvirwere. The mushonga kunobatsira kudzorera zvishande basa iri schizophrenia mishonga.

Rinoreva "Sertindole"

Zvakarurama medicament kana inertly-apathic inoti, mushonga anovandudza zvishande basa, rine antidepressant basa. With chenjerera kushandiswa mushonga "Sertindole" mu zvemwoyo chirwere - zvinogona kukonzera arrhythmia.

Drug "Invega"

The mushonga kunodzivisa kusembura catatonic, hallucinatory-delusional, pfungwa zviratidzo vari varwere schizophrenia.

Side Migumisiro atypical antipsychotics

Action zvinodhaka akadai "Clozapine" "olanzapine" "Risperidone", "Ariprazol" chiri pamwe chinokosha neyrolepsii uye kwemakemikari anobudiswa kuchinja zvinogona kukonzera kufuta, bulimia kukura, kuwedzera pamwero nedzimwe mahormone (prolactin). Pakurapa mishonga "Clozapine" pangava pfari uye agranulocytosis. Kuzvibvuma rinoreva "Quetiapine" kazhinji kunounza hope, kutemwa nomusoro, wakawedzera chiropa transaminases, kuwedzera uremu muviri.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti nhasi, masayendisiti akazviunganidzira mashoko zvakakwana kuratidza kuti akakwirira atypical antipsychotics pamusoro kwese haana kudaro chinokosha. Uye kugamuchira kwavo basa kana kushandisa mifananidzo neuroleptics yekudyidzana kuvandudza murwere nemamiriro haina kuchengetwa.

Kushaya hanya pamusoro neuroleptics

Kufanana nevamwe mushonga upi, ane zvinovhiringidza pfungwa ehupfumi, mishonga antipsychotic kukonzera zvikuru zvepfungwa uye mumuviri kuyanzva. Chimbichimbi kurega zvinodhaka kungamutsawo pave simba utsinye, kuora mwoyo. Man anova zvakare asingashiviriri, kugunun'una. Uyewo anogona kuonekwa zviratidzo chirwere, mishonga rikashandiswa antipsychotics.

Kubva vasiri nemaonero kuratidzwa nyaya dzakafanana zviratidzo neuroleptic zvinodhaka panguva abolition: murume kutambudzwa kurwadziwa mapfupa, anotambura kubva nomusoro, kushaya hope. Zvingamuka kuda kurutsa, manyoka uye dzimwe intestinal zvirwere.

Havakwanisi haibvumiri munhu kurega kushandisa mari idzi, nokuti zvinorwadza kutya achidzokera kwakakwidibira, mwoyo upenyu.

Sei kurega nokutora neuroleptics, pasina kukanganisa zvakajairika ezvinhu utano? Chokutanga, unofanira kuziva kuti kushandisa zvinodhaka antipsychotic pasina chiremba mushonga ari contraindicated. ane ruzivo nyanzvi chete anokwanisa zvakakwana kuongorora mamiriro murwere uye yakakodzera kurapwa. Uyewo, chiremba vachapa mazano kuderedza dose kurapwa kuparadzwa. Chipimo chemushonga vanofanira kuderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, pasina anokonzera yakanyanya kusanzwa. Uyezve nyanzvi prescribes antidepressants, izvo achatsigira murwere kunetsa uye kudzivirira kukura mwoyo.

Neuroleptic - yokurapa chishandiso unokubvumira normalize pfungwa mamiriro munhu. Zvisinei, kudzivisa pave nemishonga, iva nechokwadi kuti kutevera kunenge ari chiremba uye kwete kuzvidzora medicate. Stay utano!