Ndeipi yekupemberera Krisimasi muRussia? Tsika dzekupemberera Krisimasi muRussia

Maererano neOrthodox tsika, Krisimasi inowira usiku kubva pa6 kusvika pa7 Mutumbi. Pazuva rino Mudzikunuri wezvivi zvose zvevanhu akaonekwa, Muponesi, uyo akatanga nhambo itsva uye akava mumwe wemhando huru mumasayendisiti ezvakaitika kare uye tewoloji. Iye zvino tava kuzokurukura kupemberera Krisimasi muRussia munguva yedu, chii chinyorwa chemhemberero iyi, zvayo, tsika, zviratidzo nezvimwe zvakawanda.

Nei chiitiko ichi?

Tichazotanga, zvichida, nekukurukura kwekuzvarwa kwaKristu. Sei maOrthodox echiKristu vachipemberera mutambo wekuzvarwa kwaKristu muRussia usiku hweJanuary 6-7? Maererano nemamwe mabhuku matsvene, Jesu anonzi Adhamu wechipiri pasi pano, wechipiri uye mwanakomana anokosha kupfuura vose vaMwari. Mwanakomana wake wekutanga, sezvaanozivikanwa, akava chikonzero chekuwa, iyo iyo yakadzingwa kubva muParadhiso. Icho, pane kudaro, yakadzikinura zvitadzo zvose zvevanhu uye maitiro uye yakagamuchirwa muParadhiso yeIshe mushure mekurovererwa. MuTesitamente yekare zvinonzi Adhamu akasika musi wechitanhatu wekuvapo kwenyika. Kutevedzera kufanana kwakafanana, vanhu vakauya pakugumisa kuti nenzira imwecheteyo Jesu akaberekwa musi wechitanhatu wegore idzva uye nguva itsva.

Nguva yechihedheni muKivan Rus

Makore anoda kusvika 1000 apfuura kubva pakuberekwa kwaKristu kusvika musi webvumirano yeRus . Nguva yose iyi nyika yedu yakaramba iri yechihedheni, uye, sezvo zviri nyore kufunga, tsika, temberi, tsika uye dzimwe tsika dzechi sacral apa dzakanga dzakasiyana zvachose. Kunyange zvakadaro, anenge 300-ie kuKiev yakatanga kuvaka mapoka echiKristu, ayo nenzira yavo pachavo uye maererano nemitemo yavo yaipembererwa Krisimasi muAra Rus. Mumakore iwayo, kupfekedzwa kukuru kwedzimba kwakanga kusiri muti weKisimusi, sezvo wakazova gare gare, asi chinhu chesimbi. Aigona kuva nechimiro nechimiro, chinhu chikuru ndechekukodzera pasi petafura. Vose nhengo dzemhuri vakashandura vakagara pasi vachiisa tsoka dzavo kwaari. Zvaitenda kuti simbi inopa munhu simba, simba uye kutsungirira. Chimwe chirevo ndechokutevedzera zvikanda zvaJesu. Zvidhori zvadaro zvakagara zvichishongedzwa nedzimba nemigwagwa yeKrisimasi. Mitsika muRussia yakabatawo mabheji emitambo. Panguva yechitanhatu chaJanuary, vanhu havana kudya zuva rose, asi vakagara pasi kuti vadye chete kwekudya kwemanheru. Zvokudya zvakakura zvaiva hove, mhuka yeupfu uye sweets. Kusvikira kubhabhatidzwa kwepamutemo kwenyika yose, tsika idzi dzakapararira pakati pevanhu uye dzakadzika midzi mumwoyo yevanhu.

Krisimasi muzana remakore X-XV

Muna 988 (zuva racho rinosvika), Vladimir Krasnoe Solnishko akabhabhatidza vose veRus . Kubvira zvino zvichienda mberi, chitendero chepamutemo chenyika chakava chiKristu cheOrthodox, uye mazororo ose ayo vamiririri vekutenda uku kwave kwenguva refu vakapemberera mune mamwe masimba akatamirwa kunyika dzedu. Kwavari kwakaonekwa tsika dzekutanga dzemhemberero yeKrisimusi muRussia, iyo yaisanganisira zvose zuva uye zvigadzirwa zvekicheni, uye rudzi rwekushongedza dzimba nemigwagwa, uye kunyange mufambiro wevanhu. Chinhu chikuru chemazuva iwayo chaiva chokuti Krisimasi yakanga isingataurikiki neCarnival. Yaiva nguva yekutsanya kukuru, panguva iyo yairambidzwa kudya nyama. Uye zvakakurudzirwa kugumisa kushandiswa kwemabhizimisi, kutengesa zvinhu kana kutenga chimwe chinhu chitsva. Uyezve, vanhu panguva iyi vakaita kuti vatsva vazive, vana vakabhabhatidzwa uye vakaroora. Muchidimbu, basa rimwe nerimwe panguva yeKrisimasi yeShrovetide raizoguma kubudirira.

Zvitsva zvitsva zvemazana emakore matsva

Zvichakadaro, seKrisimasi inopembererwa muRussia nhasi uye sezvayakanga iri mumazana zana nemazana masere kusvika ku18, pane musiyano mukuru. Uye chii chaizvoizvo, tichazofunga zvino. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi17, tsika yechiPolish yenyika, Vertep, yakapinda muRussia. Yakakurumidza "kuchinja" munyika yedu uye ikava chikamu chinokosha cheKisimusi mumaguta ose nemisha. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mune rimwe bhokisi rinoitwa-zviitiko zvakaitwa nekubatsirwa nemapopi. Pakutanga, vakaratidza kuti Jesu akazvarwa sei uye kuti vabereki vake vanovanza mubako kubva kunaHerodhe. Gare gare, script inogona kuva chero ipi zvayo, inonyanya kukosha, kuti yakatevedzera chikamu chehupenyu hweMuponesi. Uyezve mumakore aya akasimbiswa tsika idzi dzekupemberera Krisimasi muRussia, iyo iripo nanhasi. Muimba imwe neimwe muti weKrisimasi unopfeka, izvo zvinomiririra kupemberera. Akanga akabikwa makiki mumhando yekiki, akaisa makenduru, akashongedzwa nemucheka, ribhoni, zvidhori zvezvibereko umo Jesu akaberekerwa.

Ndezvipi zvipo zvaibva pasi pemiti yeKrisimasi?

Isu tose tinoziva kupemberera Krisimasi muRussia nhasi. Uyu uri muti weKisimusi wakarongedzwa, zvipo, Mutsvene Mutsvene, ruzivo rwekutsvaga, ma carols nezvimwe zvakawanda. Asi izvi zvose zvakabva kupi? Panenge pamagumo ezana remakore rechi19 - kutanga kwevanhu makumi maviri vakatanga kutaurirana kune zvipo kwete kungodya chete, asiwo zvinhu zvinokosha, zviyeuchidzo. Muchidimbu, vanhu ivo pachavo vakazvara tsika yekugamuchirana. Uye kuitira kuti zvose izvi zvionekwe zvakajeka, zvipo zvakadaro zvakasarudzwa kuisa pasi peMiti yeKrisimasi. Munguva pfupi yakasvika munyika uye mifananidzo yeWestern Santa Claus - Sekuru Frost. KoKrisimasi yaipemberera sei Russia mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19? Panenge zvakafanana nanhasi. Baba Frost vakapa zvipo kuvana nevakuru, chimiro chake chaive chikonzero chekupemberera, uye vanenge vanhu vose vakashanduka vakapfeka majasi matsvuku uye vakazvigadzirira ivo ndebvu refu ndebvu kuti vanyatsorumbidza vana vavo.

Nheyo dzepamusoro dzakadzika mukati mevanhu

Mumazana emakore adarika, Krisimasi muRussia yaigara ichienda pamwe nekuputika. Mhemberero yacho yakaitwa mukuti vechidiki vaishanyira misha ye shamwari dzavo dzose, shamwari, hama uye vavakidzani. Vaiita nziyo dzevanhu pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvechiKristu, izvo zvakataura pamusoro peKuberekwa kwaMuponesi. Nokuda kweizvi ivo vakakomborerwa nemhando dzose dzezvinhu. Chimwe chiitiko chinokosha chaiva kupfeka kwekutya. Vazhinji, avo vakauya neKisimusi iyi, vaifanira kuidya uye kuvonga vaenzi vavo. Zuva rakatevera mushure meKrisimasi Eva, ndiko kuti, musi waJanuary 7, munhu wose akaenda kumusangano wemabasa echechi, apo vanoisa makendesi muzita reMuponesi nehama dzake dzose, vachirarama uye vakafa.

Zvishandiso zveimba

Mhuri dzemazuva ano, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa kune vatendi, kunyatsoziva kupemberera Krisimasi muRussia mazuva ano, uye nei tsika dzakadaro. Chinhu chikuru - mberi kwekukunda kunofanira kucheneswa zvakanaka mumba. Iwe unofanirwa kuparadza zvose zvinosvibisa uye tsvina, kukanda kunze kwemarara uye zvinhu zvekare zvisingakoshi, isa zvinhu zvose zvakarongeka. Mushure mekunge zvakakodzera kutanga kutanga kugadzirira manheru. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika yedu dzakasarudzwa kubika pazororo rino chete zvokudya zvinokurumidza - furasi nemarudzi ose emasipi. Vakawanda vepasi inoshandiswa ndiro yakagadzirwa kubva kugove, chicken, dhaka. Zororo rekuzvarwa kwaKristu munaRussia raigara richifambidzana nepee. Inogona kunge kulebyaka, cheesecakes, kalachi kana kuti pie chete. Vareniki vaidyiwa kakawanda muUkraine.

Kubvisa paKuva Krisimasi

Maererano nenyaya dzeNV Gogol, zvinokwanisika kunyatsoziva kuti Krisimasi yakambopembererwa sei muRussia mumazana emakore akapfuura uye tsika dzipi dzaive dzakanyanya zuva iroro. Vasikana vakagara vachishamisika nezveramangwana ravo. Muchiitiko ichi, chiito ichi chakanga chisingori chimiro chinoshamisa, uye chinotyisa, icho chakabereka nhoroondo zhinji uye nhau. Nyaya inonyanya kuzivikanwa yekurota yaiva kenduru. Yakanga yakavhenekerwa negirazi, uye pedo neyo yaiva ndiro nemvura. Musikana wacho akashandura kenduru pamusoro pemvura, uye iyo yakawira pasi, ichigadzira mifananidzo. Vakagara vataura nezveramangwana, vachitsanangura nenzira yavo pachavo zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvakaoma. Uyewo paiva nekutenda, ipapo mune chiedza chekenduru iwe unogona kuona muchionioni chiso chemukati. Asi hupfumi uku kwaiva imwe yezvinotyisa zvikuru, uye kwete dzose dzavaiita.

Neche tsika

Nhasi muRussia, January 7 inoshandiswa zvepamutemo pazuva. Iyi yezororo ndiyo yechipiri inonyanya kukosha mushure meIsita munyika yose yechiKristu. Iine analogue muKaturike nyika - Krisimasi imwechete, iyo, zvisinei, inopembererwa musi waDecember 25. PaKrisimasi, sekumazana emakore emakore akare, ndiyo tsika yekuenda kuchechi uye kuenda kune liturgy, iyo inotaura nezvekuonekwa kweMuponesi, pamusoro pehupenyu hwake uye humwe hunhu. Zvisinei, chiitiko ichi hachisi chekuita kune vese vagari venyika, uye havasi vose vanopinda mazviri panguva ino. Kunyange zvakadaro, mharidzo pamusoro pezvidzidzo zvitsvene inorongwa pedyo neatemberi huru dzemaguta, uye munhu wose anogona kutora chikamu mazviri.