Ndege akaita mapepa: Kurumi vanoronga

Zvachose nomumwe wakaita somwana ndege duku - ndege, kuti herikoputa, akasiyana pinwheels. Muchiitiko chino, kashoma kuti mumwe munhu akafunga kuti pagadzirwe mapepa zvinogadzirwa - iri uri Japanese chaizvo yekare inonzi Kurumi. Chikamu ichi sayenzi inonakidza zvechokwadi kuti anotsanangura sei kuita zvakasiyana-siyana ndege akaita mapepa (zano): murwi, bhomba, lightweight airframe nevamwe vazhinji, inonzi aerogami. Huripo mhando vari saka siyana kuti anorondedzera uye todziongorora zvose, chete zvisingaiti.

Apo pepa ndege vakauya kwatiri

Kana iwe yekumbotsveta nhoroondo Japanese Kurumi uye mudzokere maziso edu kuti Europe, tinogona kuona kuti muenzaniso ndege akaita mapepa - Mazano avo vanoramba akakodzera nhasi - aida kuvaka Leonardo da Vinci. Uchishandisa yematehwe, wakaumba rokutanga yemashoko nendege. Papera chinguva, hama Montgolfier akavaka pepa muenzaniso rinopisa mhepo chibharuma. Zviya, bepa runobwinya balls-nemwenje dzakakurumbira chaizvo nhasi uye chikafu mhepo inodziya kubva kutsva mwenje, vanogona kutora kuti mhepo kuti rebei.

The muvambi yokutanga yemashoko gliders vaiona Dzhon Keli. Zvinonzi kubva furakisi, ndege yakadaro pakutanga ari XVIII remakore, kumhanya navo manually chiya.

Pasinei nokuti kare kutaurwa zvinobhururuka mienzaniso inoshanda zvikuru 1909, nhasi kuri nevakawanda chaizvo rwokugadzira kubva papepa. Ndege ane zvirongwa zviri zvinoshamisa siyana, vana vanotanga peta kare makore 4-5, uye vamwe kufarira ichi chinoramba zvinokosha muupenyu.

giraidha

Mumwe husina mienzaniso kuti mwana anoisa mumwe nomumwe wenyu ari kuti ndege yacho bepa (chiripasi) anonzi "Boom" kana zvimwe mhando "giraidha". muenzaniso uyu ane rakaisvonaka ndege unhu uye riri nyore kwazvo. Ita ndege yacho bepa - the dhayagiramu pamberi penyu - zviri chete matanho matanhatu muitiro:

• akaisa pamberi rectangular pepa uye peta payo hafu achitevedza refu divi (longitudinal);
• makona atsaudzire nechomukati nechepakati jira iumbe isosceles Triangle; edza kuita chikamu yakawanda vakaenzana, izvi zvichaita kuvimba kuita zvechadenga chigadzirwa;
• Bend zvichiguma mamiriro upamhi, saka kuti kubva pakona rezasi kumucheto akanga 2.3 cm;
• kamwe tinoisa chinhu isosceles Triangle, uye nharaunda kuti tumiti kubva pasi pake, akakotama uchikwira, nokudaro kugadzirira kuti fuselage;
• Vhura kunoguma marongerwo uye peta payo hafu lengthwise;
• peta pemapapiro, kuvaita vakwanise kana rakatetepa panguva nokungwara kwako achavaponesa sei kumusoro uye nyore kubhururuka nendege.

Zielke

Izvi ndege German pamusoro bepa, ane zano iri uyewo haana kwazvo yakaoma, manoeuvrable chaizvo uye kunowedzera nokukurumidza unhu. Izvi zvinoitwa tichibatanidza chiedza muswe uye fuselage zvikuru rinorema, somugumisiro mhepo harisi kumutadzisa.

Ndege Kurumi mapepa - Silke zano:

• kutora rectangular pepa uye peta payo hafu lengthwise (kodzero kuruboshwe) uye zvadaro nzira zvakare;
• Zvino ita zvakafanana kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, deredza jira uye vanokunga kumusoro mugove pakati (upamhi);
• Bend muimba makona kusvika nepakati mutsetse, yokumusoro chikamu anofanira kutarisa akafanana truncated piramidhi;
• peta hafu rigone yokumusoro mugove, musimboti pombi mutsetse zvakare;
• adzorere seri chivako inozviitira uye peta payo hafu lengthwise kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe;
• Right yokumusoro rworudyi angled vanobwembura pasi uye ruramisa zvakare;
• wedzera nekodzero angled uye mukotamise nayo pasi, okumusoro musana chikamu peta nepakati;
• Itai zvakanaka bapiro - ndiro pamusoro jira vanobwembura zvakanaka Tsanga yacho yaichekwa;
• Adzorere chigadzirwa uye kupedzisa bapiro wechipiri;
• Shongai pamapapiro - ndege akagadzirira kubhururuka.

Delta

Chimwe Chokwadi ichibhururuka womuenzaniso. Ngatiedzei uye kuti ndege kubva papepa, tine zano:

• achitora papepa (rectangular) uye kuti substantially chinjikira akabatana;
• kusiya chiduku mucherechedzo pakati, vertically kupatsanura papepa;
• vagovane akasiya divi kunyorwa mukati 4 vakaenzana zvikamu, mutsetse Bends vari 2;
• kumonyanisa rezasi mugove kugadzirisa nechepakati akabatana mutsetse uye kukwira kusvikira pakati, ndiye kuita pamwe rokumusoro hafu;
• Zvino kurudyi kuenda jira zvakare vertically pakati;
• pashure kunyorwa pamupendero kufonyora kuitira kuwana necheparutivi iyo inotanga kubva pakati chikamu uye anouya nedanga wechitatu mitsetse (kuratidzwa diagram, nhamba 4);
• Tinoisa pamwe saizvozvo uye mumwe mugumo;
• kwaizoita unopinza Bends kuti Triangle vertex ari obtuse yorusvingo, inoumbwa kumativi;
• neshinda yakabudikira chikamu yokumusoro bapiro muhomwe diki, kwawakagamuchira;
• Peta varara hafu achitevedza mid-mutsetse uye votanga fomu mapapiro.

Ndizvo akagadzirira zvose, "Delta" ndege! Mhanya!

Ndinoda kuwedzera kuti kana muenzaniso uyu ndiyo yakanakisisa kwete kushandisa kumuremera bepa, zvikasadaro iwe hakushandi vadiki uye zvakajeka kuisa uta mutsetse, uye kunogona kukanganisa aerodynamic zvechadenga ndege.

Cunard

Inotevera ndege kubva papepa, dunhu iri zvishoma kuzokuomera yapfuura ndivo, yakagadzirirwa kubhururuka madaro marefu. A nevamwe chinhu kukwanisa kuronga zvakanaka uye kunyika zvinyoronyoro pamusoro runway. Heano mazano:

• tora chimedu bepa (youduku A4), rerekai payo hafu lengthwise (kodzero kuruboshwe) uye zvadaro unbend shure kwayo chepakutanga;
• yokumusoro vanobwembura dzinoita kuti nechepakati mutsetse, riri pachena zvinoonekwa;
• dzokai mamiriro;
• Peta kurutivi micheto kusvika nepakati, apo seri vanobwembura hakuna zvakakodzera;
• nedhaimani chakagadzirwa peta nepakati, kubva kumusoro kusvikira pasi;
• Bend topsheet nechepakati netriangle kumusoro, nokuiswa chete pasi mudanga yapfuura vanobwembura;
• Peta kunoguma chigadzirwa adzokazve hafu;
• vateye chapamusoro obliquely kurudyi - ndiwo bapiro; Vhura kunyorwa uye peta bapiro ndege yechipiri.

Shongai namapapiro, "Cunard" akagadzirira kubhururuka. Chokwadi, vamwe ndimi zvakaipa vanoti muenzaniso uyu unoshanda ndege flightless, asi uyo kukudya ndeyenhema kutaura izvi. Itai izvi pachako uye tarisa ndege.

Littl Niki

Kugadzira vakadaro ndege Kurumi bepa zano ichava anobatsira kudaro, nokuti "Little Nicky" kuisa pasi kudaro nyore, unofanira kungwarira chaizvo. Izvi ndege bapiro ane curved murwi rakafanana chaizvo, ane rakaisvonaka maneuverability uye kunogona kuva kwakanaka nokukurumidza.

Nokuti zvaAtemisi ndege, uchada papepa mativi zvakaumbwa:

• peta jira iri hafu, uye ipapo kurudyi uye rworuboshwe rectangular chikamu chete peta nepakati, unofanira kuva 4 zvakaenzana mativi;
• dzakaderera makona rerekai wokutanga chiratidzo Nhindi uye peta mutsetse;
• pafiripi magadzirirwo atsaudzire zvokuridza nechepakati;
• zvakare kudzikisa rikwanise angled chimiro uye Tuck nayo downwardly uye rearwardly zvokuti anobata kumusoro muganhu pepa;
• Zvino zvakabaya divi kusvika pakati chikamu;
• Tendeuka uye kuvaparadzanisa chigadzirwa muimba pamupendero zvicherwa zvakawanwa kupfurikidza kudhonza kunze ari akaturikidzana;
• kunoguma Triangle vanobwembura shure sezvinoratidzwa nomufananidzo;
• ndege peta hafu lengthwise, peta pemapapiro pasi;
• Peta kumicheto wamapapiro uye ruramisa nendege.

All mwana Nicky vagadzirira mberi rwendo! Akabhururuka!

mumwe kuita

Uye zvokuita kana kuisa ndege kunge achiri asina kuwana, kana zvichida muchida kuedza chinhu chitsva?

Pane imwe nzira kune avo tinkering ndege mapepa - the dhayagiramu kudhinda, Cheka uye peta rakapedzwa zvikamu yaida pemitsara. Vaiunganidza izvi papepa yokutevedzera, unogona kuwana zvakawanda stormtroopers, hapana kupfuura chaiye varwi uye Ndege, uye kana vanosangana zvizhinji - kuronga Solo Mini-kuratidzwa, izvo achaongwa neshamwari dzako.

Heano mamwe mazano nyore:

• kana iwe usingagoni kudhinda ruvara mufananidzo, usanetseka - unogona kushandisa-chena dema-uye, aidhinda uye kupenda rapera ndege;
• kana uchida micheto yekapepa katsva aka makuru ndege, ipapo utore zvakakwana gobvu bepa, kana zvinhu zvichaparadzwa akaremara;
• nokuti ndege duku, uyewo zvinyatsobuda zvakanaka mashoko, shandisa zvakanaka hofisi bepa, zviri nyore kuti kuomerera;
• kuti mipendero vakanga kumeso uye yakarurama mutongi kushandiswa simbi uye Stationery nebanga ;
• kuti zvakanaka kuvandudza anodiwa mashoko uchishandisa penzura, shandisa pamusoro workpiece sokuvapo kumicheto haangavi kumonyanisa;
• chena divi micheto zviri nani kunyora, zvikasadaro vanogona Anotadzira pakuonekwa apera muenzaniso;
• nokuti zviri nani kushandisa läpinäkyvä guruu akadai "The Moment";

A Mazano shoma

On sei nemazvo uye zvakarurama here kuisa yako womuenzaniso ndege, pakuti ayo unongotaura. Pasinei nokuti bepa rakanyatsojeka chiedza uye dzakaonda zvinhu, zvakanaka akapeta ndege ane zvakakwana simba, uye pasi zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuchengeta chimiro kwenguva refu.

Usamhanye, edza kungotevera mirayiridzo - zvikuru zvakarurama uchakwanisa kudzokorora zano, nani vachadzokera ndege.

Nokuti ndege akanaka, sarudza muenzaniso wakadaro umo bapiro nzvimbo yakakura zvikuru fuselage.

Pfungwa pabasa iri rakapiwa muswe - kana vari zvakanaka akapeta, ndege haangavi kubhururuka.

Sarudzai muenzaniso vakakotamisa mapapiro, zvichabatsira kunatsiridza aerodynamic zvechadenga ndege uye kuwedzera kutiza siyana.

musikana ndege

mhando dzose mapepa ndege, zvirongwa dzinokurukurwa munyaya ino vari kubhururuka zvakanaka zvakakwana (pamwe kunze "canard"). Zvisinei, pane imwe mitemo mishomanana anobudirira kanda:

• nechokwadi chokuti ndege yakaoma zvakarurama, zvichinyatso enderana zano;
• kunyatsoongorora mari sei zvakanaka uye zvakarurama muAtlantic pamapapiro muenzaniso;
• kutanga-up ndege, nokucherechedza angled vanenge 40-45˚;
• Vanogadzirisa simba kanda, izvozvo zvinoenderana kana muchina wako nyore kuronga achibhururuka yokutsanya zvakakwana;

Kunobudirira iwe dzinobhururuka, kutsungirira uye kushivirira. Ita nguva dzose ndege pabepa iri nyore - chikuru chinhu kuti zvaiva nyore, yepakutanga uye ainyatsoziva sei kubhururuka.