Narcissism - chii? Negative unhu hwevanhu. Narcissism

Mumwe munhu nenzira imwe kana mumwe anoda pachake. Unomirirei, nemicheka. Zvisinei, izvozvo mananara kazhinji kuenda mumwe framework uye munhu kutaura "daffodil." Chii mune mashoko aya, shoko rokuti "Narcissism" - chii uye kana kurishandisa nemazvo - ichi zvose uye kutaura zvizere munyaya ino.

The rokuti rokuti

Chinhu chokutanga kunzwisisa pfungwa. Saka, Narcissism - chii? Pakutanga ndinoda kutaura kuti izwi rinobva vakomana Greek - Narcissus (maererano mungano), akafa rudo uyu aigaroyemura ndiko kupedza kwazvo uye (sechiratidzo chirango nokuti vakaramba rudo rakaisvonaka nymph). Kana iwe ita mutauro nesayenzi, ipapo mamiriro ichi - ndiwo mumwe kuchiitwa vanhu (rinoreva kunaka), iyo izere Narcissism. Zvinofanira kunzi mune wepfungwa hapana kuroorwa chaiwo, zvakarurama pakunzi mamiriro ichi, nekuti kazhinji zviri kuonekwa zvakasiyana mbiri dzakasiyana:

1. Somunhu kuzvidzivirira maitiro pamusoro noukama vanoshorwa kuti murume.
2. Sezvo kuratidzwa mukupesana vanhu vakavapoteredza.

zvidzidzo

Chii masayendisiti akadzidza Chiitiko kuti Narcissism? Freud uye Abrahamu - ndivo vanhu vari mabasa pfungwa iyi inotaurwa kanopfuura kamwe. Zvinonzi vakanga vadzidza nayo zvakafanana, kubudikidza vangatowedzera matsamba, uye gare gare kunyatsotevera kutaura mumwe nezvazvo. Saka, Freud (uyo akakwereta izwi kubva Paul Nakka uye Heveloka Ellisa, anokubatai sechinhu munhu omumwe muviri wake pachake somunhu pabonde chinhu) akati kuti chero kuratidzwa Narcissism - ndiro muripo kukwana nokuti nomumwe raamai rudo (mai-rudo), icho kuratidzwa pano mu akadaro hunoshamisa narcissistic vatambi.

Chii akaita Abrahamu akadaro pfungwa se "Narcissism" pamusoro? Chii kubva ake nemaonero? Saka, aiona ezvinhu ino varwere schizophrenia, uyo akabva mumwe norudo uye chakabatikana no- pachayo. mamiriro ichi akanga asi zita autoerotism, izvo zvinofadza zvikuru kuti Freud. Akasarudza kuva nayo mberi, achirondedzera mafungiro ake ose munyaya "On Narcissism," basa "Mhinzo Narcissism" uye zvichingodaro. D.

Zvishoma pamusoro Freud

Kuchitaura zvakawanda pamusoro chii Freud akasarudza chikuru Narcissism uye yechipiri. Zvinorevei izvi? Muchidimbu, chikuru chimiro ehurumende - ndiwo dzinongoitika Danho kukura munhu wose, kunoitika muna mangwanani mucheche uye ndizvo zvinoitika nenzira kukura chinhu ukama (mu Freud maonero). Secondary narcissistic chete (maererano Mitsara mufananidzo uyu dzesayenzi) regressive, t. E. Man sezvo rudo anosarudza pacharo.

Pamafomu

Kuongorora pfungwa "Narcissism" (chii uye kuishandisa), unofanira kuteerera chokwadi kuti pane mhando wandei chiitiko ichi. Uyezve, pane classifications dzakawanda pasi nenyanzvi siyana panyaya iyi. Chokutanga izvi rinoumbwa Gestalt chiremba Elinor Greenberg:

1. Healthy Narcissism. Kana munhu zvakakwana anozvida, mamiriro ichi haasi kupfuura imwe mutsetse, uye haisi Narcissism. mhando iyi nechivimbo, kuda simba, mufaro. Panyaya iyi, hwaro chinhu chakaipa utano youduku pamwe zvakanaka kuumbwa ukoshi zvandakatonga pamusoro pachavo uye vamwe.
2. Unodzivirira Narcissism. Tinogona kutaura kuti pfungwa iyi yokuzvikwidziridza usingateereri anoenderana chokwadi. Somuenzaniso: kuda simba chero zvodini, kakawanda rokuchinja zvinangwa, ari kuzvitsinhanisa kuti zvinangwa. Panguva mwoyo kazhinji ndiyo "kunaka" Dambudziko randakambosangana naro uduku kubva mupfungwa pfungwa maonero.
3. Pathological Narcissism. Kazhinji kuwanikwa vanhu vane siyana zvepfungwa kana zvinetso, somuenzaniso, akadai schizophrenia.

Forms: yakasiyana kupatsanura

Asi zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kazhinji nyaya iyi ane mutsindo basa akapfizuka, kuti ndiye. E. Kuti rinobva pauduku. Uye kumboda Narcissism chinhu anoparadza chakajairika kuti inoperera kukura "kuzvidzora ndivanaani" munhu.

1. Zvinovaka Narcissism. Tinogona kutaura kuti kuzivikanwa kuzvikoshesa somunhu, kunobva utano interpersonal ukama. Kana isu kutora pamusoro kupatsanura, vanonzi kuipa kana utano Narcissism.
2. Zvinoparadza. Izvi Narcissism pathological kusarurama rinovaka unotungamirira ndechokuti munhu rinongova chakaipa kana zvakakwana kuongorora pachavo pachinhu vamwe.
3. Deficits. Kuchitaura kuti ichi chinhu underdeveloped mamiriro rinovaka Narcissism. Zviri mumwe nekusagona zvakazara kunakidzwa yokugutsikana, kuzvionera, kutadza kuumba wakakwana, RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA maonero unhu hwavo. Chikonzero ichi kazhinji chando kana hanya ezvinhu mumhuri panguva paumbwe munhu , uye vokutanga matanho kuchinja munzanga.

zvinoumba daffodils

Kuchitaura kuti kudzokorora mabhuku akasiyana-siyana pamusoro dingindira "Narcissism" rakanyorwa muna 2007 nemasayendisiti Foster uye Campbell. Zviratidzo narcissistic unhu - ndicho chinhu chinofadza zvikuru kupatsanura inopiwa zvavanotaura:

1. Vanhu vane ichi chirwere chepfungwa vanofunga kuti vari nani kupfuura vamwe.
2. Vanhu ava havana kunyatsokwanisa kuongorora pachavo pachinhu vamwe, chiono chavo asingadi anoenderana chokwadi.
3. Daffodils vanowanzotevedzera kuona zvikuru ruzivo rwavo mune imwe nzvimbo.
4. Vanhu vane chirwere ichi ona pachavo sechituso chega chakakosha vanhu.
5. Kana pane kusarudza pakati zvinhu, Narcissus chokwadi kusarudza zvavanoda, achivaisa pamusoro vamwe.
6. Kazhinji mugumo pacharo kubudirira daffodils.
7. Daffodils vanowanzotevedzera kuratidza ukuru hwavo pamusoro vamwe.

Akadaro asina unhu

Zvinokosha vachiti Narcissism zvakasikwa - ihosha, yakatsauka ari munhu psyche. Zvisinei, pane inoti vakadaro vari kuri muna vanhu vari munzira kuenda nyonganyonga. Saka chii vari kunaka unhu hwakafanana nyonganyonga ichi? Saka, pakutanga kwezvose zviri kuzvikudza. Mumwe anofa zvivi vezvitendero shanduro, kana munhu anokwanisa kuzvisimudzira zvakare, kubudirira kwavo uye zvayakawana. A yakafanana unhu rechipiri - Narcissism. Ndiro danho rokutanga Narcissism Zvisinei, izvo, asare chete. Man anozvida zvokuti kungoti inadequately Nenyaya Iyi nokuzivikanwa hwako nevamwe, zvakanyanya allocating pachake chete.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvisina unhu anogona kunzi? Saka, zviri pakuzvivimba. Chaiye zvakawanda zvakanaka, asi pathological nechivimbo - ndiko mamiriro pedyo chirwere ari psyche. Muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kazhinji pfungwa Narcissism correlates chaiyo pamwe izvi kunaka unhu kuri neimwe munhu.

Impact upenyu

Zvinofanira kunzi Narcissism (sezvo padariro rokutanga ivepo uye gare gare) zvizere kukanganisa upenyu hwevanhu. Kuchitaura kuti ichi unhu chirwere (sezvo, zvirokwazvo, uye zvimwe zvirwere akafanana) inozivikanwa matatu zvinhu:

1. It zvakazara inobata mabhora ose uye dzine mabasa evanhu.
2. chirwere ichi hachisi uhodyasche-kuuya, inoramba akatsiga pamusoro nguva.
3. Narcissism mu rokumanikidzirwa nechiyero achabatsirwa pasocial maladjustment.

Zvikonzero

Sezvo zvakanaka pane Narcissism? Vanachiremba, vanachiremba vepfungwa vanoti zvinokonzera vavete muduku womunhu, kureva ukama hwake naamai vake. Kubatwa Chokwadi, angava kuvabereki, asi zvakadaro inokosha ndivo mwedzi upenyu chokutanga. Various nenhamo, nemiedzo, hapana mubvunzo akasiya zvikuru mucherechedzo mwoyo mwana uye kutungamirira kuti deformation pamusoro chinoumba "kuzvidzora kuzivikanwa". Somugumisiro, kuzviremekedza mwana unorambira chipande, zvose zvinotungamirira paumbwe tariro naro, uye chinangwa kwevanhu mune ramangwana riri kuramba dzigadziridzwe nokuzviremekedza (unhu hauna kuumbwa). Zvisinei, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti tanga kukurukurirana amai nemwana - kunyange utero - iyi ndiyo imwe maitikiro ose paumbwe hwomwana Narcissism yakaoma (kana mwana anoda, sezvo amai vakanaka nepamuviri, etc ...) rokutanga. Kana amai nemwana zvakabatana murudo rwavo, vabereki vanopa mafufu nguva yakakwana uye hanya, vachibatsira kuchinja kuti "nyika guru", tinogona kutaura chokwadi kuti munhu angangotadza kuva chero matambudziko ne "nokuzvidzora kuziva".