Mienzaniso vanhu Russia. Kutsika vavanhu Russia

nyika yedu iri hombe, zvinonzi inogarwa nevanhu vakawanda vakasiyana avo zvingasiyana kureba uye kuvaka, ziso chimiro uye ruvara, tsika uye tsika nemagariro, chitendero uye ngano. Mienzaniso vanhu Russia aigona kunyange kutungamirira avhareji mudzidzi zvisingatomboiti kuchikoro, uye ichi hazvishamisi, sezvo chizvarwa nharaunda iri kudzidza muzvikoro zvose Russian.

Nyaya ino ndehwokuti yokuburitsa yakanakisisa mashoko asingazivikanwi uye panguva imwe chete here inonakidza pamusoro kutsika vavanhu Russia. The Reader achawana yakawanda anobatsira chokwadi, iyo vakabva zvichava nyore kunzwisisa avo pamwe, sezvo iye anonzi kuRussia.

Kutaura zvazviri, kunyanya vanhu kuRussia (pane vamwe vavo, somuenzaniso, kurarama Far North) havagoni kukundikana kushamisa kunyange anonzwisisa uye ruzivo vafambi. On ichi uye nezvimwe zvizhinji munyaya ino.

Ethnic Zvinoumba vanhu Russia. Vhuṱanzi

How guru uye yakakura nyika iyi saka siyana uye simba vanhu vanogara mairi. Ndosaka mutsetse mumazuva Soviet Union mapasipoti "norudzi". Union yakaparara, uye kunyange Russian Federation anopfuurira kuva nemakambani mamiriro, apo anopfuura zana ndudzi kurarama pasi chete denga.

Maererano kugara vaiverenga zvinganzi nharo kuti zvizvarwa zvemo anoumba Russian kumativi 90% yevanhu, iyo 81% - Russian. vanhu vaigara Russia Vangani? Masayendisiti ethnographers vanoti mhinduro nyore yomubvunzo uyu hakushandi, uye mishumo yavo, avanotarisira wokubatanidza zvizvarwa zvemo munyika iri boka, napedyo iyo inoratidzwa kwete chete inoona nezvenjodzi, asiwo patsika uye kare. In yose, nyika ine vanhu vanopfuura 180 munhoroondo munharaunda. Zvitendero vanhu Russia dziri munyaya pakusarudza.

Nevamiririri zhinji kudaro pamusoro dzinza eumambo nyika, hazvibviri kwete anokwezvera vanhu vashomashoma, vane tsika nemararamiro kazhinji vava kuda kutsakatika. Inexorable zvinhu kazhinji kacho kunoratidza kuti uwandu emadzinza, izvo vakawanda vedu hatina kutongonzwa kuti, zviri zvishoma kudzikira. Ndokusaka Hurumende yedu atora zvikuru chisarudzo musoro kutaura tsika dzavanhu yeRussia kuchizvarwa chevechiduku kubvira kutanga makirasi kuchikoro izere. Pakutanga, izvi zvose kushumirwa muchimiro rengano uye ngano, uye gare gare, pamwe 7-8 vadzidzi kirasi zvakazara kuzivana mararamiro uye tsika.

Little-anozivikanwa vagari eumambo nyika

Kune vamiririri vanhu Russia, pamusoro izvo hauna kunyange vanzwa. Musinganditendi? Uye nokuda kwechikonzero chakanaka. Kunyange zvazvo ndinofanira kutaura kuti chaizvoizvo vari zvishoma. Description avanhu Russia, uyo akakwanisa kuchengetedza tsika nemagariro avo, tsika, uye Chikurukuru kutenda uye nzira youpenyu, vakakodzera vainyatsotarisirwa.

Vodlozero

Havasi vose vanoziva kuti mune yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia mudziva zvipenyu vanhu kana anonzi Vodlozero. Zvisinei, kusvikira zvino yakaramba mumisha shanu chete, vagari chete, hapana anopfuura 550 vanhu. vabereki vavo vakanga vatama kubva Moscow uye Novgorod. Pasinei neizvi Vodlozerye vachiri kutya tsika necheSalvic. Somuenzaniso, musango nenzira akarayira, kana kwete kare kufadza tenzi wake - Dhiabhorosi. muvhimi ose anofanira chipiriso; kutakura mhuka yakafa sechipo.

Semey

Mienzaniso vanhu Russia kwaizova kukwana pasina ataura pamusoro Semeiskie. Vane nzira yavo youpenyu sokuti embody upenyu pre-Petrine nguva. Vamiririri ava dzavanhu Russia vari kuonekwa Old Vatendi, kamwe infesting ari Trans-Baikal nharaunda. The zita rinobva rupi shoko "mhuri." Maererano 2010 vaverengwe ine vagari vanhu 2,500. Anowanikwa tsika yavo vachiri primeval, t. E. Little zvachinja kubva pamazuva amadzitateguru avo. gore rimwe nerimwe panzvimbo idzi chinokwezva masayendisiti ose pamusoro nyika kudzidza dzamaoko vanhu Russia. Panzira, vanhu vanoziva kuti mumusha une dzimba Semey nhasi vane makore anopfuura 250.

Russkoustintsy

rudzi rwake chitarisiko chikwereti kukura kuSiberia muna XVII remakore. Vagari kubva Cossacks uye mhenderekedzo-vanogara kamwe wakasika pano Sub-madzinza. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma yavanofanira, hwaingova, wakagona kuchengetedza tsika uye mutauro.

Chaldony

Ndiko kuti Siberians akadana vokutanga kugara Russian pamusoro XVI remakore. Chete zita tiri vazukuru vavo. Today chaldonov nzira zvikuru zvakafanana upenyu Slavs pamberi pakagadzwa dzoumambo simba. Kusiyana kwavo zvakanaka akaratidza kuti mutauro, chitarisiko, tsika zvachose Kusiyana necheSalvic kana Mongoloid. Zvinosuruvarisa chaldony, kufanana nemamwe marudzi maduku, zvishoma nezvishoma kufa.

Zatundrennye vanhuwo zvavo

Vari kuonekwa zvizvarwa Eastern Pomerania. Iyi ushamwari chaizvo vanhu nokushingaira kupinda kuonana nevamwe. Ivo dzinoratidzwa netsika kazhinji akasiyana, kutenda uye tsika. Zvisinei, muna 2010, vanhuwo zvavo pachavo kuti zatundrennym rakava vanhu 8 chete.

Pangozi vanhu nyika: kune Khanty uye Mansi

Related marudzi Khanty uye Mansi zvaimbovawo vavhimi mukurusa. Kukudzwa ushingi hwavo uye ushingi rakasvika nenzira kuMoscow. Nhasi, marudzi vanomirirwa vagari Khanty-Mansiysk zvionera Okrug. Pakutanga, nharaunda iri pedyo norwizi Ob vaiva Hunt dziva. Mansi marudzi akatanga kugara mariri kusvikira pakuguma XIX remakore, pashure iyo vakatanga kushingaira kusimudzira vanhu kuchamhembe uye wokumabvazuva yacho. Haasi masanga kutenda, tsika, mararamiro avo anobva kubatana pamwe zvakasikwa, nokuti Khanty uye Mansi vakanga kunyanya taiga mararamiro.

Vamiririri ava dzavanhu Russia haana pachena kusiyana nemhuka. Nature nemhuka vagara akamira panzvimbo yokutanga. Saka, vanhu vairambidzwa kugadzirisa pedyo nenzvimbo inogarwa mhuka uye Fisheries zvisina kushandiswa zvakare rakamanikana network.

Zvinenge ose mhuka waikudzwa. Saka, maererano nezvavanotenda, bere akabereka mukadzi wokutanga, uye moto akapa Bear Great; Stony - chiratidzo upfumi uye simba; Beaver uye chikwereti kuti akanga nekuvongwa iye Khanty akasvika kwakabva Vasyugan River. Nhasi, masayendisiti kunetseka kuti mafuta kukura zvinogona kukanganisa kwete chete vanhu beavers, asiwo mararamiro ane vanhu yose.

Huskies - vanozvikudza northerners

Eskimos vakagara pasi munzvimbo Chukotka zvionera District. Izvi, zvimwe, easternmost vanhu venyika yedu, kwakabva chinogara nharo kusvikira nhasi. Mhuka kunovhima Nde basa. Kusvikira pakati XIX remakore nepfumo muromo uye muhombe anopinza zvakagadzirwa pfupa vaiva mukuru zvishandiso kuti kuvhima.

Ataura mienzaniso vavanhu Russia, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Eskimos asiri kwakakanganisa chiKristu. Vakatenda midzimu, kushandura evanhu, kuti mananara zvakasikwa. Musiki wenyika kwainzi Sila - Musiki uye muridzi, nokuchengeta ziso murayiro kunamata uye kunamata madzitateguru. Sedna, mwene gungwa, akatuma Eskimos nezvavakatapa. Midzimu kuti vauye chakaipa uye chirwere zvakafananidzwa dwarfs kana nekusiyana, hofori. Shaman, akagara dzinenge dzose ugari. Sezvo murevereri pakati murume uye mweya yakaipa, akapedzisa rugare nokubatana, uye kwenguva yakati ari Eskimos vaigara nerunyararo norugare.

Pose hove rakabudirira, vakaronga mazororo hove. Uyewo sangano mhemberero mukukudza pakutanga kana pakupera kuvhima mwaka. Rich ngano, kujairika Arctic Culture (kuvesa uye achiita zvokutemera pamapfupa) kamwe zvinoratidza zvakare yokusiyana pakati Eskimos. Property vanhu Russian, kusanganisira navo zvinogona kuonekwa guru raMwari ethnographic mamiziyamu.

Famous Russian poro - Koryak

Kutaura kuti vanhu vazhinji vaigara Russia panguva, tisingatauri Koryak vaigara Kamchatka uye Chukotka Peninsula. In rudzi urwu achiri zvisaririra zviri Okhotsk tsika, iyo yaiva yokutanga chemakore AD. Panguva mudzi wezvinhu zvakachinjwa XVII remakore, kana paumbwe ukama Koryak-Russian. Collectivism - hwaro upenyu vanhu.

maonero avo chokuita animism. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vava refu nguva akafuridzira zvose-kumativi: pamatombo, miti, chadenga. Uyewo mune tsika dzavo vakatora nzvimbo pechishamani. Achikudza munzvimbo tsvene, chibayiro, dzinoiswa zvinhu - ichi zvose riri mumwoyo Koryak tsika.

Koryak mazororo vose uye pamwaka. Spring poro vanopemberera nyanga (Kilwa), uye kuwa - zuva rokubayiwa Elk. Mumhuri umo mapatya vakaberekerwa, I anoronga mhumhi zororo sezvo vachangoberekwa vaionekwa nehama zvikara izvi. At zvose zviitiko kunyatsoonekwa vachishingaira kutevedzera mhuka: kutamba, nokuimba. Mumakore achangopfuura, mutemo nhaka kuchengetedza uye nhaka rakasiyana Koryak vanhu.

Tofalars - ichidzikira rudzi Irkutsk nharaunda

Description avanhu Russia hazvibviri pasina Tofa, kuti dzinza revanhu vanopfuura 700, iro rimire mundima Irkutsk nharaunda. Pasinei chokwadi kuti vakawanda Tofa - Orthodox, echiShamanism anoramba nhasi.

The mabasa chikuru vanhu ava - okuvhimisa uye poro nokupfuwa. Kamwe chete kufarira zvinobata aiva Elk mukaka kuti kunwa yakabikwa kana kuwedzerwa tii. Chero bedzi Tofalars chisingazoiswi ndakagara vanhu, musha wavo waiva conical dumba. Munguva ichangopfuura, ropa wakachena vanhu akarasika. Zvisinei, tsika, tsika uye tsika Tofalars yekare zvichiripo.

Unique uye vanozvikudza vanhu - Archi

Today Archi - boka duku dzinza kuti, apo 1959 okuverengwa rakanga rakava pakati vaAvar. Pasinei chokwadi ichi ndivanaani uye kuchinja mararamiro vanhu kubvumirwa kuramba mutauro wavo. Modern Archi tsaurai tsika dzavo, vazhinji vavo vane dzidzo yepamusoro. Zvisinei, zvikoro vanodzidziswa chete mumutauro Avar.

Chii Archi pachake Avar mutauro, kamwe zvakare kunoratidza kuti nhengo zhinji, rudzi rinokosha munzanga. Upenyu vanhu haisi pasi kuchinja yose. Youth haatsvaki kusiya musha, uye michato vakavhengana - husiri nyore kuwana. Kunyange zvazvo, Chokwadi, pane zvishoma nezvishoma kurasikirwa tsika.

vanhu vangani vari Russia, tsika dzakawanda kudaro. Somuenzaniso, kupemberera kukunda, Archi haadi munoshongedza Christmas muti, uye akapfeka makushe capes neheti zvakagadzirwa nedehwe remakwai uye kutanga kutamba kuti kuenderana nokuda lezginka zurna, dhiramu uye kumuza.

Wokupedzisira wavanhu Vod

Ticharamba kupa mienzaniso vanhu Russia. The Vagari vanhu Vod ane nepaburi 100 vanhu. Vanorarama pamusoro munharaunda ano Leningrad Region.

Vod - Orthodox. Zvisinei, pasinei neizvi, vakasara muchihedheni vachine nzvimbo kuti: pakutanga XX remakore rakanga kurondwa animalism - kunamata miti, matombo. Rites kwapera maererano nekarenda mazuva. Pausiku Ivan Kupala omoto, uye vasikana vakaendeswa zvokufungidzira. At zuva raEriya dzakatangwa seboka neromutambo uye tsika hove. First hove zvakakanyiwa namafuta, uye ipapo kutura shure mumvura. Kusarudza shamwari kuti nemotokari akaenda zvachose vaduku. Yokudanana, kusiyana magetsi, rakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: Chokwadi, nhumbi, mwenga uye chikomba vakatsinhanisa nezvikwereti uye fodya, kana aisvuta fodya matchmakers uye akadya zvingwa.

Munguva kugadzirira muchato kazhinji inogona kunzwa kuchema tsika. Chinoshamisa womuchato "kaviri yakaguma" raiva XIX remakore: pashure muchato, murume akaenda kupemberera pachake nevaenzi vake, chaizvoizvo, saka anoita mwenga. Uye kusvikira pakati XIX remakore panguva wekuwana nomwenga kuveurwa vhudzi romusoro wake, sokunge kuti aratidze yezwi mudariro itsva - padariro vakaroorana upenyu.

Nivkhs - vagari Khabarovsk Territory

Nivkhs - vanhu, iri Khabarovsk Territory. The nhamba kunopfuura 4,500. Kunenge kuti iyi haisi kwazvo, zvisinei kana kufunga kuti vanhu vakawanda vanogara Russia panguva, zvose zviri kutaurwa, Unofanira enzanisa Somuenzaniso, navanhu Vod. Nivkh anotaurwa sezvo Nivkh, uye mitauro Russian. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vari zvizvarwa vekare vaigara Sakhalin.

Traditional Crafts inokurukurwa kuti hove, kuvhima uye kuungana. Uyezve, imbwa maberekero mumwe chikuru zvidzidzo Nivkh. Havana chete kushandiswa imbwa senzira, asi vanodzirurira, uye vakasonanidza nguvo dzavo pachavo kubva imbwa matehwe.

The chitendero pamutemo - Orthodoxy. Kunyange zvakadaro, kusvikira pakati pezana XX remakore akachengetedzwa zvetsika. Somuenzaniso, kunamatwa dzebheya. Festival Bear Akaperekedzwa pakuuraya mhuka rakarererwa keji. Kuremekedza hunhu, musoro kushandisa zvipo muropa Nivkhs. Rich ngano, Arts and Crafts, quackery richiri vakapfuura vachibva nomuromo.

Zvemo vanhu Yamal-Nenets zvionera District

Fewest vanhu pane Selkups havana kuwana yose North. Maererano yevagari, nhamba yavo vanhu 1700 chete kune vokupedzisira vaverengwe. Zita vanhu kunobva zvakananga kubva mumarudzi uye rinoreva "dondo murume". Selkups rakagara richidudzirwa mubasa hove uye kuvhima, uye poro. Kutozosvikira XVII remakore, kureva chero vatengesi Russian kugona yokutengesa, kushingaira kutanga handicraft, kugadzira.