Mabikirwo mabasa ne "slurry rusvingo"

Mazuva mumaguta kakawanda pane tsika zvikuru pfungwa kushandisa nzvimbo uye chisimbiso kuvakwa. ezvinhu aya zvitungamirire pakuvaka makambani kuti zvimwe zvinhu. Pamusoro pemvura, shoma anoramba shama nzvimbo, iyo Hunoita Developers kushandisa pakuvaka zvivako pevhu. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, pane dzimwe zvinhu kuti zvimwe kodzera kuvaka pachivande. Izvi zvinosanganisira dzokuchengetera makuru, zvitoro dzezvitoro, uyewo mumagaraji. Asi pachivande kuvaka inofanira nokururamisira unoparadza nguva-iro anopa imwe mari ruzivo uye yakakodzera zvokushandisa pakuvaka makambani.

Solution dambudziko pamusoro apa zvinogona kuoma ndechokuti ivhu heterogeneous chaizvo, zvinogona akasiyana saizi in, pasi mvura. Dzimwe kana tikaongorora ndima kukura rinozobudawo kuti pamatombo chaizvo simba. Zvinoitika kuti pachivande tunnels vari ose engineering mugadziriro, izvo zvisina vakanyora mamiriro ayo. In basa iri kazhinji zvakafanira kupwanya, sezvo nheyo zvezvivako pedyo dziri zvikuru pedyo yokuvakira, uye masvingo mukuru-vosimba zvivakwa hatibvumiri kuti zvakazara kutendeuka miseve Cranes.

Nyaya kuvakwa pachivande hurongwa

Zvichienderana chii hydrogeological zvechadenga Nzvimbo uye sei yakadzika achava mumba, Pachivande Construction anogona kuitwa imwe dzakawanda. Zvinonyanyozivikanwa vanoonekwa "slurry rusvingo" nzira caisson uye rakavhurika nzira. Mabikirwo kutanga chaizvoizvo yanhasi zvakajairika, uye achiri anoramba vawane mukurumbira nokuti rinogona kukubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko iri ungana ezvinhu pasina kunetsa nheyo zvivako zviri pedyo.

Michina musimboti

rusvingo hwidibiro inovakwa iri zvakanaka nyore musimboti, iyo inopa achigadzirira mugoronga uye kupikidura. Uyezve, aumba in zvakavakwa walling, izvi aiwanzoshandiswa kongiri. vakapakata munyika yakarongeka, zvakadai somunhu uriri nevamwe zvinhu pasi kudzivirira hurongwa yapihwa.

mhando nzira

Technology "slurry rusvingo" inogona rakakamurwa wandei Sub-mhando, akadai: mugoronga uye murwi. Chokutanga kushandiswa zvakasimbisa kongiri uye zvakasimbisa kongiri zvikamu, kuburikidza iyo akaumba rusvingo chete. Pile nzira kunosanganisira kugadzwa kufinhikana mbiru, izvo dziri pedyo yakasimba. Vanobvumira kuti vaumbe hwakasimba walling. Chero mabikirwo kana yave kushandiswa, zvinonyanya vaizotibata zvichienzaniswa dzimwe nzira kuvakwa pachivande hurongwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa uye gadziridzo kuti huripo zvivakwa chero chinangwa.

zvoupenyu chikumbiro

Hwidibiro rusvingo inogona kushandiswa kana zvichidiwa kuvaka keteni, tunnels, pevhu mumagaraji dzokuchengetera, ndima pevhu, matangi, mhando dzose septic matangi, mugwagwa junctions, uyewo nheyo zvezvivako zvinangwa zvakasiyana.

The nyoro uye akaoma nzira

Kufunga simba ivhu raro pamwero mwando vavaki vanogona kusarudza kunyorova kana yakaoma kuvakwa nzira. The yokupedzisira haisi anodhura kudaro, nekuti hapana chikonzero kugadzirira madhaka kwaari. Zvisinei, izvozvo zvinogona kuita chete kana paine chivimbo musimba ivhu uye kusarovedza pachivande hova. Wet Michina ndiyo yakanaka mhinduro nokuda kweDzimba guru zvinhu zvagadzikana nevhu nomuti. Kana kuvaka pamwe anorondedzerwa ezvinhu, dzimwe nguva zvakakodzera kuti zvakare kusimbisa masvingo mugoronga. Pakupedzisira inobereka zvivako simba uye hwakavimbika.

thixotropy

Pakugadzirisa slurry rusvingo michina dzingasanganisira kushandiswa nyoro kwacho, umo pfungwa dzakadaro kunokosha sezvo thixotropy. pfuma iyi tinoberekwa mumatope, iro anokwanisa kupora kwayo kwepakutanga chimiro pasina zvokuimba mupfungwa. With kuturika ichi zvakakodzera vasanangurwa vachawana simba pakuvaka Pasika uye rive dete pamusoro vibrational migumisiro. Izvi zvinoita kuti inishuwarenzi rusvingo deformation pakati mugoronga. The soro zvinogoneka unhu yokusafa thixotropic bentonite That.

Kana isu funga zvimwe zviri zvinogadzirisa izvi, zvinokosha Kuteerera mvura-dzinga unhu hwavo. Mushure kuomesa slurry pamusoro pemvura rusvingo zvichashaya ne ari hydrostatic kumanikidzwa, iro rinokurudzira kuti paumbwe imwe isapinda firimu. ukobvu Its anogona dzinosiyana 1.5 kusvika 5 neMM, kuti zvakakwana kudzivirira hurongwa kubva mvura. masvingo claying anoponesa dewatering pakutyaira papepa mirwi. Uyu ndiwo mumwe zhinji zvakanakira ari zvinorondedzerwa kwemichina.

kushandiswa michina

Kana ukaronga rusvingo muvhu, mabikirwo kunosanganisira kushandiswa zvakakodzera michina. Kunoitawo kuti akachera mugoronga. Kuti vaite izvi, vakawanda anowanzoshandiswa mudziyo wacho chichiitwa. Migumisiro yakafanana vanokwanisa kuratidza uye cyclical kusvika. Nokuti paumbwe pemigero dzinowanzoshandiswa earthmoving michini, kureva, nefoshoro, gejo, azvikuya chirimwa, dragline, kuchera rigs uye muhombe percussion kuchera, anoita mutsimba, uyewo backhoes. Dzakanyorwa midziyo zvaizova zvakakwana kubudisa rusvingo muvhu, iyo inogona kwakawedzera nokuda 100 metres. Saka Terms inogona zvakasiyana. Nzira "slurry rusvingo" kunosanganisira inonyanyoshandiswa upamhi mugero achava akaenzana pakati 1 uye 1.5 metres. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, muchiuto, iro nohupamhi yatovapo 2 mamita.

Zviitiko kukodzera nzira

Pasina mubvunzo, zvinorondedzerwa zvemichina rakanakira zvakawanda, asi zvinokwanisika govera mamiriro ezvinhu apo kushandisa nzira zvisingaiti. Kuvaka "slurry rusvingo" haana pamberi simba ivhu pevhu dzenzvimbo, pamwe unzenza ivhu, uye kana nehafu vashatisa masonry panzvimbo. Usashandisa mabikirwo, kana paine esimbi zvitsuwa, uyewo guru zvimedu kongiri. Kana ivhu rine voids uye in, zvakare, haafaniri kutanga basa musi zvinorondedzerwa kwemichina.

grout keteni

Bata kuti kusika Eriya aitombotyawo machira anogona kunzi sezvo nyore sezvinobvira. Ivo rwaiitwa kushandisa inorema uye zvakaoma nevhu, uyewo-situ kongiri. Kugadzwa machira ndiko kuchengetedza izvo kubva mvura. Kakawanda, zvinhu izvi zvinoshandiswa midziyo madhamu uye kupikidura. Mukupera nyaya, chifukidziro zvakakodzera kubvisa ingress mvura kupinda mhango. Vashandi regai nedambudziko achideredza padanho mvura pevhu, inova nzira nani unoparadza nguva-. Kana tichienzanisa keteni pamwe danho-pasi zviyero, ekupedzisira vasina apo basa riri kuitwa. Zvivako zviri pamberi mhepo machira Haazotyi chakasimba zvikuru Rwako Pasi Pevhu.

parameters zahvatki

Isati hwaro ichavakwa "rusvingo muvhu", unofanira kuverenga urefu zahvatki. zvimwe zvinhu, pakati pavo vanoshandurwa parameter ichi:

• kugadzikana mugoronga;
• zvakagadzirwa zvinhu uye functionality pakati zvivako;
• mhando zvigadzirwa, iro rinoshandiswa kuti kukura mugoronga;
• nokukosha mwero concreting.

Technology basa

Kuvakwa rusvingo muvhu kunotanga kuchera wetsime, pashure pokuva takagadzirira pemigero vari panguva akazara kugadzirisa. Danho rinotevera richava kugadzwa chisimbiso mumakeji uye betonolitnoy nenyere. Achipedzisa kumonyanisa inosanganisira misha mumadhaka nokutumira chesamende musanganiswa kuburikidza vertically chinjwa nenyere. Pemigero anogona okurega zvizere kureba kana chikamu nokuda muchikamu. Chisimbiso mumakeji vari pamwoyo chemarata simbi tsvimbo. The zvichiguma Hurongwa inofanira kuva masendimita asingasviki 12, zvichienzaniswa upamhi mugoronga. Zvinhu zviri wetted nemvura pamberi kugadzwa nokuti kunoderedza uwandu madhaka Kuomerera uye inowedzera adhesion kuti kongiri.

concreting

Rokuvaka rusvingo pasi kunosanganisira concreting, izvo akatakurirwa chinjwa chubhu. Ekupedzisira ane dhayamita kubvira 270 kusvika 300 millimeters, nepo rusvingo ukobvu ndiyo 10 millimeters. Mutsipa akapiwa bhuku nenyere anosarudzwa uye wads anogona kuitwa burlap.

limiters zahvatki

The mudziyo diaphragm rusvingo kungasanganisira kuti kudzamisa pamusoro mugero ndiyo 15 metres zvichidzika. Saka zvinokosha kushandisa nenyere ane dhayamita 50 millimeters isingasviki upamhi mugoronga. Mushure 5 maawa pashure concreting zvinhu zvinofanira kubviswa uye mhango akazadzwa musanganiswa yapihwa. Kana kudzika mugoronga pamusoro akati parameter, pane kudiwa kuti kwamira. basa rake riri kuitwa resimbi jira, uko kunosimbiswa achishandisa anowedzera keji. The dandemutande anogona huchawedzerwa, zviri welded kuti danda.

kuwedzera negoho

Kana nzira "slurry rusvingo" rinoshandiswa muitiro kuvaka chinhu ravakwa guru, uye kureba zahvatki vanopfuura 3 metres, zvingava zvakakodzera kuti mufudze chesamende kunovhengana yemavhoriyamu hombe. Muchiitiko chino, inoyerera kuburikidza zvikwepa, uye zvimwe nokukurumidza uye nyore kugadzwa mhinduro ductility inowedzerawo plasticizers. The sezvamunoita dzakadururwa kuitira kuti kwayo pamusoro overlaps yose maumbirwo 10 masendimita. Izvi zvaida kuti ave kukwanisa vakazoroorwa kubvisa utachiona paiva kongiri, nokuti achava guru nhamba ivhu. Chisimbiso vanofanira kuti kubudiswa tichibatsirwa chaiyo zvokushandisa, izvo yabatanidza panguva betonolitnoy nenyere. Kana kunopfuura 20 metres, Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa maviri vibrator.

sepombi avo zvichawanikwa riri pamuganhu zahvatok nguva dzose zvikaramba. Zvinokosha kuti tizive nguva dzokubudisa. Kana izvi zvaitwa zvakare mangwanani, kuti goko micheto anogona sousingabatsiri. At yapera dzokubudisa mutopota anogona chavasina pakati kongiri uye ivhu. Kuti asava pezvakaitwa dzakadaro rinowanzoshandiswa pachinzvimbo jira simbi mutopota, vachishandisa izvo zvinoita kuti pave yakasimba non-bvisika jumper. Vanofanira welded kuti chisimbiso keji. Kudzivirira deformation mumuromo mugoronga uye nokudeura vanofanira pa mugodhi pamberi, inova headroom kuhondo.

About ivhu nevezera

Kana uchida kuziva chii kwokudzvinyirira kwomunhu ivhu pamusoro porusvingo panguva udzamu z, zvino unogona kushandisa mutoo: PR = PS + PQ, apo PS - ndiko kusimba ari lateral kumanikidzwa pamusoro akasarudzwa kudzika kwayo uremu ivhu, kufungisisa zvekufuga layer chiito mvura, uyewo kunobudirira batira; PQ - ndiko kusimba ari lateral kumanikidzwa ati kudzika mitoro pamusoro pemvura. Kana chirongwa chiri pamberi mugodhi zvikuru kuumbwa nokurasa pamusoro panyika, kukosha chinobviswa ane kubvisa chiratidzo.