Kuyeuka Classics: A. P. Chehov, "The rufu yepamutemo," pepfupikiso

"Manikidzira kunze donhwe ne donhwe muranda" - iri, mu Chekhov mafungiro, ndiye chinonetsa uye kupfuura zvakafanira kuti munhu basa. Vanhu vanofanira kuva nechomukati vakasununguka, unfettered mumudzimu uye unbiased. An kuchitsigira humanist, munyori kwazvo akatsutsumwa pamusoro mamiriro "futlyarnoy" kutya upenyu uye kukwanisa kuva pachako. Iye zvikuru vaimuseka vaya vakateerera akakotama shure uye musoro pamberi kuhondo, pandaifunga pamberi zviremera munzira dzose zvichibvira samounichizhalsya, ikatsikatsika munhu. Yokufananidzira muenzaniso weizvi - nyaya "Kufa yepamutemo" achidhindwa chinosetsa magazini emunyori "Motley ngano."

Retelling uye ongororo

In basa iri muchidimbu uye muchidimbu rinorondedzera zvinhu zvizhinji - avo kuti Chekhov uchivenga. "Kufa mukuru," pfupiso yatiri kukurukura, mune Muchidimbu iyi. In yemitambo munguva waivako Worms mabharani (rimwe rakadzika kwevazivisi machinda Russia remakore rechi19) netsaona akahotsira. The Chiitiko ndicho vanhuwo, uyo, sezvo vachiti, zvikasaitika! Somunhu vakakwira, akakumbira ruregerero kuna mumiririri tenzi, ane musoro nemhanza netsaona sprayed. Chokwadi, kuvhiringidzika, asi kamwe richinzi ruregerero uye "vakakuvara" bato kushandisa - ose chiitiko aitarisira. Asi pasina anonzi Chekhov nyaya "Kufa mukuru." Pfupiso yebhuku naye panguva ino hazvirevi kuguma ikoko. Pashure pezvose, "splattered" Brizzhalov - hapana mumwe kupfuura General! Wenhamo honye nokutya, iye ndaitya kuti mhuka wehurumende. Ndisingazivi kuti kare kuregererwa wezvokukurukurirana nokusingaperi kuchifinha "munhu." Iye chaizvoizvo ukamuvhundutsa ne General akanyadzisa zvikumbiro ruregerero uye tsanangudzo isingaperi. Uye kana pakutanga isu, vaverengi, achaomba nokuseka, achiti ini kana zvinonzwika musoro yakatofanana gamba uye kupa, izwi rayo tremulous inoratidza dzaityisa, zvino negates zvose zvokunakidzwa rimwe mutsara Chekhov. "Kufa mukuru," pfupiso zvatiri kufunga, saka unoguma: yepamutemo vakazodzingwa pamusana Kuchifinha Kazhinji, akauya kumba, akarara pasi uye akafa.

The kunetsana munyaya

Nei zvakaitika? Kubva izvo akafa mukuru? Mukutanga mabasa ake, enyambo munyori kazhinji anoshandisa "kutaura" mazita. Naizvozvo, kuti kumutsa ari muverengi kuMudzidzisi sangano, anodana gamba rake Chervyakov. Czech yepamutemo rufu (pfupiso unokubvumira kubata pfungwa iyi) inotsanangura zvokuzvidza ake, disenfranchised, kunzwa vasingabatsiri, kuzvidzivirira nehonye. Ndiye murume muduku, uyo hapana ari kuzviona, uyo hakuna vaidavira kuti munhu haafariri. Uye gamba asingadi kupikisana kwakadaro mamiriro ezvinhu, akazvininipisa, kwete kunyunyuta uye kunyange anofunga zvakanaka! Ndicho chikonzero chake kusingaperi chinokatyamadza! Akanga mufaro honye wenyika akamboda hotsira (chaizvoizvo) pamusoro wepabasa! Panguva iyi, uye vanofanira kurodzana kuongorora nyaya pfupi "Kufa mukuru." Czechs nounyanzvi inopa kutya kutsvaira tsaona Executor. Iye mufaro, asi rinoita kutya matiri. Zvinobvira here zvokusvika pakuva muranda pakokorodzano, magariro maitiro uye akanyatsorongwa ruregerero kakawanda uye kufa nokuti inonzi musingakanganwiri! Asi Worms wakafa! Uye chaizvo nokuti havana kutenda kwake kukanganwirwa pachake. Handigoni kurarama kutya upenyu, pamberi pakaputsika pamagungano. Ndizvo chaizvo kutyisa, akati A. P. Chehov. "Kufa mukuru," chokwadi - ndiyo nyaya rufu munhu murume azere tsika kudzikisirana wacho, womudzimu ayo degeneration. About sei Muranda zvepfungwa ave varanda uye akauraya vakasununguka mweya.

afterword

Nyaya haisi pasina chinhu zita "Rufu kusvika pamutemo" pane generalized "Chervyakova Death." For anecdotal apa Chekhov anoona kurwadza mamiriro kwenzanga uye anoisa kuongorora chirwere chake. "Kunofinha iwe kurarama, naanamai!" - mutsara kare imwe basa resonates nepfungwa yokuti tiri kuongorora. Zvinoita mutongo mumazuva edu. Saka, inguva apore!