Ishoko rinonyadzisa here kana kwete? Vagari venharaunda yeP Pskov

Zvinotoshamisa kuti mafungiro ezwi rokuti "foshoro" haisi kungofanana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, rinoshandiswa kune vagari venzvimbo yeP Pskov. Vamwe vanofunga kuti anonyadzisa, asi vamwe vanozvirumbidza pamusoro pekuzvipira. Icho chinokambaira zvose mumhedzisiro ezwi iri. Kune mavhesi akasiyana-siyana ekuti nei Pskovites ari zvipfeko.

Mutsara waPetro Mukuru

Zvakanyanya kufanana neshoko rakanaka, asi vanoti zita iri rakaonekwa neruoko rwerudyi rwemambo pachake.

Ichokwadi ndechekuti chivako chePaskov kubvira kare chakare chakakurumbira kune vashandi vayo vane unyanzvi pakugadzira hardware. Rimwe zuva Petro Mukuru aida kubvisa chikafu chakagadzirwa nevachengeti vomunharaunda, asi haana kuzviziva. Izvi zvaishamisa kwazvo kwaari, nokuti, sezvo aiva munhu akasimba, aigona kutora nyore kunyange nemabhiza. Nokudaro akarumbidza vashandi veP Pskov, vachivadana vaveve vachengeti vemidziyo. Nokudaro, vagari vemunyika dzakawanda vemunyika idzi vanodada vachizvitaura vachiyeuka madzitateguru avo. Uyezve, muna 2014 ivo vakagadzira chivigiro kuti vapumburuke muna Pskov. Vakasikwa havana kufambisa vashandi vekuveza uye vakaratidza kuvonga kwavo kwavari. Iyi shongwe yakava chiratidzo chisina kufanira cheguta.

Skobar is uncouth province?

Kunyange zvazvo shanduro yekare, zvichida, fungidzira yakachena, asi kusvuta pasina moto hakuiti. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti Petro Mukuru akabudisa mutemo muna 1714, uyo waifanira kuita mhuri mazana maviri yevabati vehove veP Pskov kuenda kuSouth Petersburg. Guta racho rakanga richivakwa chete, asi kwakanga kusina vashandi vakanaka. Vakapiwa kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa, izvo zvikonzero zvakajeka gare gare zvakazozivikanwa semusha weRabbatsky. Basa rake - kubudisa ironmongery - vaiita nguva dzose. Vatorwa vakapa guta duku nemisungo, tsvimbo, mabhiza. Nokudaro, kunyanya kujekesa kwekunyama kunotanga kukanganisa.

Asi vagari veRabbatsky vakasiyana nehuwandu hwemagariro ehurumende uye vasinganzwisisiki, saka zita rekushanda kwavo rakawana maitiro asina kunaka. Saka vakatanga kushevedza rustic, pfungwa dzakapfava, dzakaipa, vanhu vane makaro. Zvichida, pakutanga izwi iri raive runyengeri, asi nekufamba kwenguva rakapinda muchirevo chakakura, uko chakanga chagadziriswa. Nokudaro, maererano nehuwandu hwemazuva ano tsanangudzo dzezvinyorwa zvitsva, foshoro ndeyekutsvaga, kunyengera uye kureva.

Nharo dzisinganzwisisiki mukuda kweiyo shanduko yematangiro ezwi zvakafanana mumatoko anotinhira mune mamwe mimwe mitauro. Chokutanga, izvi ndezvevanhu vaigara mumasuo evanhu veP Pskov, somuenzaniso, Latvia. Nechepfungwa, kana shoko racho richiripo muchiRussia, asi rakarashika, maitiro aro anogona kuwanikwa mune mamwe maitiro emitauro. Nokudaro, chiLatinvian skops, chinoreva "kukara", chinogona kushanda sehuchapupu hweizvi. Uyewo muGermany pane shanduro skeptisch ("isina kufanira"), uyewo sceptique yechiFrench ine zvinoreva zvakafanana. Asi dzimwe nguva, sezvavanotaura, haufaniri kuenda kure, nokuti chiRussia "chinotyisa" chinogonawo kuva chirevo chezita iroro refu refu revahedheni vanobva kune dzimwe nyika yeSpkov.

Skobar muhondo ane unyanzvi here?

Pane imwezve shanduro iyo iyo mhizha yemhizha isingabatsiri. Pskovichi - dzinza revaSlavic rudzi rwaKrivichi - vakanga vakakurumbira nokuda kwekutsvaira kwavo uye kushinga mune nyaya dzehondo.

Nokudaro zita ravo pachavo rakaonekwa, nokuti shoko rokuti "staple" raireva kupesana kwemauto, uye akadana shoelace yaro. Ichokwadi, vatsigiri veiyo shanduro vanoshanda nehuwandu hwakajeka: kuvapo kwechiratidzo chakafanana nechoko ikozvino mumitauro yeSerbia neCroatia, vane vatakuri varo havagari munharaunda yepedyo kune vePackovians. Icho chikonzero, kubva pane zvesayenzi zvemaonero, maonero akadaro akaiswa pasi nemucheka mutsvuku uye anogona kutaridzirwa semuedzo wekunatsiridza zita riri kukurukurwa nekushambidza kubva pakasara kwekusagutsikana kwakawanikwa kwenguva refu.

Kana ivo vanofunga kuti vanhu vaigara munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa zvakanaka kubva muvengi vaidanwa kuti shoals. Uye iyo nyika, iyo yakazotevera purovhinzi yePackov, yakanga yakakurumbira pamasvingo avo, iyo yakavimbika yakadzivirira vagari kubva mukurwisa.

Zvakare, mazwi anonzwika kubva kune mamwe mitauro anotorwa kuti abatsire, somuenzaniso, shanduro yeChirungu ("kupukunyuka", "kupukunyuka"), chiGiriki chekare chinyorwa ("chengetedza", "chivande"), chiItaly shingairira ("dzivisa"), Romanian a scăpa "Chengetedza", "ponesa"). Zvinoreva mazwi aya zvinopindirana mupfungwa ye nzvimbo yakachengeteka.

Lexical ghost

Vaya vanokakavara vanotambudzwa nekusava nechokwadi pachena kana zita iri raivepo makore makumi matatu apfuura. Mushure mezvose, kana zvakadaro, inowanikwa mumabhuku ekare kana mamwe magwaro ekare. Asi hakuna humwe uchapupu hwakadaro. Uyewo Alexander Pushkin, uyo akapedza makore anenge matatu muruwa rwePackov, haana kumboreva shoko iri nekunyora. Uye chirevo che "Pskov" anoshandisa 18 nguva. Uyewo hapana iri shoko iri mu "Explanatory Dictionary yeChiRussia Mutauro Mukuru" yakarongwa naDahl, yakabudiswa muzana remakore rechi19. Zvinotarisa, zvisinganzwisisiki, kuti kugona kwemashoko echiRussia kwakamusiya kubva pameso, kana kwaive kushandiswa kwakapararira panguva iyoyo, nokuti mubasa iri kune kunyange mitauro uye zvinyorwa. Zvose zvinopesana nechokwadi chokuti zita rokuti "foshoro", kana iri zita rebasa kana katoikonim, raive muzana remakore rechi18 kana rechi19.

Phonetic version

Zvose zvinogona kuva nyore nyore. Zvichida shoko rokuti "Pskov" rakashandurwa rikava "Skopsky" nekuda kwechiitiko chakadai sechisimba. Uye kubva muchirevo ichi, zita racho rakazoitika. Ichocho, iyo yose yakagadzirwa yakaita seyizvi: Pskov - Skopsky - Skobsky - skobar. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzemitauro dzinobvumirana neiyi shanduro. Kana izvi zvaive zvakadaro, foshoro inongova mhando. Chirevo chisina kunaka chaakawana nekuda kwefirimu "Tinobva kuKronstadt", yakarongedzwa muma1930. Kune zviratidzo zvezviitiko zveHondo yeVanhu. Mumufananidzo kune chiitiko apo chikepe chinotya-mwoyo, kutarisa hondo pakati pezvitsvuku uye chena, zvino inopfeka micheka yemaoko emuchena, uye inovabvisa kubva pamapfudzi, zvichienderana nechepakati iyo inobatsira. Panguva imwecheteyo anonzwira tsitsi zvakare kuti: "Tiri Pskov, tiri Skopsky."

Mhedziso

Zvose zvinoenderana nekuti unoona sei shoko iri. Kana seiyo zita rekutanga re subethnos, ipapo chero ani zvake Pskovite anogona kuzvikudza achizvitumidza se skid. Asi kana iwe uchifunga nezveshoko rakashata rezvinoreva, ipapo neichi anthropony unofanira kunyatsongwarira. Mushure mezvose, haugoni kugumbura murume muhokwe, achimudana kuti skid.