Ichi chisinganzwisisike girazi chirwere

Ruzhinji rwevanhu, vachitaura pamusoro mwoyo, isa ruoko kusvika kurutivi chipfuva rworuboshwe. Zvisinei, muna 1643 rokuItari chiremba Marco Severino akatsanangura nyaya yokutanga munhoroondo vanhu mumwoyo make kurudyi, uye pashure imwe 50 makore akarondedzerwa kokutanga zvizere transposition kuti nhengo dzomukati, rinozivikanwa girazi chirwere. In chirwere ichi, nzvimbo zvomukati ndiwo girazi mufananidzo dzose. Saka, mwoyo uri kurudyi, uyewo anotarisana muromo rworudyi, ndiye kurudyi uye dumbu, asi nduru dundira uye chiropa, nekusiyana, kuruboshwe. Ura, ropa uye node nemidziyo, tsinga vari vakarongawo mugirazi mufananidzo. It anobata girazi chirwere uye anoita zvakafanana, ichibata chiedza: kodzero ane 2 lobes, uye kuruboshwe - 3.

Chokwadi, kuziva izvi anatomical anomaly, vanhu vakatanga kutsvaka ayo dzenharo. KuMiddle Ages girazi chirwere vaiti zvakafanana anonyengera mwari dhiyabhorosi uye zvipo. Zvakanga chete pave paya, masayendisiti akawana netsananguro ichi chisinganzwisisike chakajairika , uye yakasungirirwa pamwe chikuru ciliary dyskinesia uye urwere Kartagener. Kazhinji, mugirazi chirwere - a majini determenirovannoe chirwere chokuita havachanyatsogoni ciliary epithelium basa nokuda munhu vachiberekwa urema Morphology. Kana mutation ichi chirwere kunoitika muna 12 akasiyana majini kuti code for kwetunhu mapuroteni zvakakodzera pakuvaka uye yakarurama mashandiro cilia. Somugumisiro, varwere vane zvirwere respiratoria nyonganyonga sezvo akaoma okuyerera madzihwa kubva kufema turakiti, uye varume (Kashoma nevakadzi) Uyewo kakawanda kushaya mbereko.

Munguva embryo kukura mudumbu ndiro kwebasa cilia rinorondedzera akabatana nezvawo Tab zvomukati, asi nekuti pakupedzisira, zvaipesana mashandiro anoita cilia kuitika tranpozitsii. Kufanana vakawanda vamwe nemagene abnormalities, chirwere kunoratidzwa girazi autosomal recessive kwadzinoita nhaka, asi nekuti kwayo maitikiro yakaderera chaizvo: chete pakati 1 muna 10,000 kusvika 1 muna 60,000.

Dzimwe nguva, zvinhu kwakandiomera, pane zvisakakwana transposition kuti nhengo dzomukati; ivo hutsvene, asi mwoyo richiri vasara. Muna 95% nyaya, ichi Morphology varwere vanotambura siyana vachiberekwa mwoyo kuremara. Kana mamwe zviitiko, girazi chirwere, hazvina raishanda hapana nesayenzi nekusimba zvainoita utano, unhu uye urefu hwoupenyu. Possible vamwe kusagadzikana kubva chokwadi kuti vanhu havazivi izvi chinowanika, asi nekuda iri chiitiko yeutano vanachiremba kune zvinokosha pakutanga pamberi aiomerwa nechirwere zvirwere chete.

Zvisinei, zviri kuitika pamwero kukura zvokurapa kwakaita vanachiremba rokuongorora transposition zvomukati kwete chete kubva kuvanhu, asi kuita chinhu majini pachisara kuziva kunotouraya ari chipfuro magene. Asi chikuru dambudziko kuti vangasangana vanhu vane chirwere che "girazi chirwere" - ndiko nhego transplantation. Nokuda husiri nyore kuwana ari chirwere, kuwana zvinogona anyatsoronga kwakaoma, uye kazhinji zvinoita sokuti hazviiti.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza ndechokuti Situs inversus chinowanikwa kwete chete muvanhu asi pakati vamiririri mhuka nyika, dzakadai hozhwa. Saka, nedhambakura, sezvo ushe, ane singi, yakakoswa kurudyi, asi kakawanda 1 kusvika 10000 - 1 kuti 100000 vanhu vane singi, yakakoswa kuruboshwe.

Mukuwedzera, chirwere mugirazi iri rakaisvonaka pasi nokuda pokumuka mashura. Pasinei nokuti Middle Ages yava refu kuwira yokukanganwa, vanhu vakawanda vachiri kutenda kuti varwere Situs inversus vane masimba zvomweya, uye pamutemo nesayenzi, uyewo, anoramba nechido kudzidza zvinhu kukonzera dzakananga mutation pamusoro genome kwakadaro.