Hemisphere the Earth. Unhu uye Features

Redu rakakamurwa hemispheres mana. How unotara miganhu pakati pavo? Zvii zviri hemisphere?

Neequator uye Meridian

Nyika iri Kuchinjwa flattened zvishoma panguva matanda basa rinosvika - spheroid. In madenderedzwa dzesayenzi, chimiro chawo anonzi geoid, kureva "kufanana Earth." Geoid pemvura perpendicular kutungamirirwa regiravhiti chero nguva.

Zvivanakire, zvinoitwa yepasi vakashandisa Zvimiso, kana zvekufungidzira pemitsara. Mumwe wavo akabatana. Nepano pakati Pasi, unobva okumusoro chikamu, yainzi North uye South Pole.

Between matanda pagungano kure yakaenzana kubva kwavari, zvinotevera chinhu mutsetse zvekufungidzira inonzi neequator. Hazvina chinjikira uye delimited pamusoro Southern (zvose pazasi mutsetse) uye North (zvose pamusoro mutsetse) hemisphere. Kureba neequator iri zvishoma kupfuura zviuru 40 makiromita.

Chimwe zvekufungidzira mutsetse - Greenwich, kana zero Meridian. Uyu wehunyambiri mutsetse nomunyika Observatory pa Greenwich. Meridian nyika anokamura kumadokero uye okumabvazuva hemispheres, uye ndiyo pokutangira kuyera Longitude.

The musiyano pakati Southern uye Northern hemispheres

chinjikira mutsetse neequator rinokamukana nyika iri hafu, ichiyambuka anoverengeka makondinendi. Africa, Eurasia, uye South America vari pamwe zvakanaka hemispheres maviri. The makondinendi yasara iri mukati chete. Saka, Australia uye Antarctica vari zvachose kumaodzanyemba uye North America - kuchamhembe.

Hemisphere mamwe kusiyana. Nemhaka North Pole kusvika kweArctic Ocean dzinotaurwa Northern Hemisphere rose riri manyoro kupfuura South apo nyika - Antarctica. Seasons ari hemisphere wakatarisana: yechando kuchamhembe chikamu nyika anouya panguva muzhizha kumaodzanyemba.

Musiyano kuchengetwa kufamba mhepo uye mvura. Kuchamhembe neequator rwizi Rwako uye yomugungwa dzenzvimbo vari vakatsauka kurudyi (kurudyi norwizi iri kazhinji zvikuru pamawere), anticyclones tenderera Kutenderera, uye madutu - pamusoro. South of neequator, zvose zvinoitika zvakasiyana chaizvo.

Dzakasiyana, kunyange denga rizere nenyeredzi panhongonya. Figure neimwe hemisphere yakasiyana. The chikuru nhungamiro ndiyo polar nyeredzi iri nechekuchamhembe Wepasi Southern Hemisphere muperekedzi anoshanda sezvo Southern Cross. Above neequator chitonge nyika, uye saka inokosha nhamba yevanhu vanogara pano. Below neequator yose ndimo 10%, sezvo Oceanic chikamu chinokurira.

Western uye Eastern Hemisphere

Kumabvazuva mukuru Meridian riri Eastern Hemisphere the Earth. It riri mukati Australia, zvakawanda Africa, Eurasia, chikamu Antarctica. Zviri musha anenge 82% vemo nyika. Negore geopolitical netsika mashoko rinonzi Old World, kusiyana Itsva World dzeAmerica. Nechokumabvazuva ndicho chikuru kweItari, zvakadzama muchimwiro uye inonyanya gomo panyika.

Western Hemisphere Nyika iri mu kumadokero Greenwich Meridian. Rinotaura North uye South America, Africa uye Eurasia. Chinosanganisira yose Atlantic Ocean uye yakakura chikamu Pacific. Heino wakarebesa gomo cheni mu pakukura rinoputika munyika, driest gwenga, zvikuru YOMUMAKOMO kwegungwa uye rakadzika rwizi. Ari kurarama kumadokero venyika 18 chete% vemo.

Date Line

Sezvambotaurwa, dzokuMadokero uye Eastern hemispheres Nyika rwokuyera Greenwich Meridian. Zviri kuenderera 180th Meridian, izvo delineates muganhu mhiri. Zviri mutsetse kuchinja misi, pano nhasi ichichinja mangwana.

On mativi ose Meridian yakatarwa karenda mazuva akasiyana. Izvi imhaka panyika wacho kutenderera. Date Line vari kunyanya inopfuura nomunharaunda penyanza, asi ayambuka zvimwe zvitsuwa (Vanua Levu uye Taviuni t. H.). In idzi nokuda zvivanakire mutsetse wati achitevedza muganhu wenyika, kana vagere mumwe chitsuwa kunge zvaiitikawo pakati yemichindwe siyana.