Employment - ichi ... Employment Center. The State wokuti basa

Employment - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha ezvoupfumi maitiro kwete chete. Pasi muchikwata ichi, unogona kutonga zvakanaka vanhu chero mamiriro. In ichi inofungidzirwa pamwero basa, izvo zvinokosha macroeconomic chakarurama.

The tsananguro

Employment - the Chiitiko pamusoro socio-zvoupfumi urongwa. Chinhu chinobatsira mumagariro basa chavagari, chinangwa riri misangano magariro uye pachavo zvavanoda, uyewo zvakaoma (mari). Tsanangudzo iyi inopa Mutemo "On basa iri Russian Federation". Gwaro iri rinokosha rakazoshandiswa 19.04.1991, pasi nhamba 1032-1.

Employment - muchikwata ichi zvakare zvoupfumi. Zviri yakatarwa ukama chokuita basa mabasa vagari. chikamu ichi zvoupfumi anoratidza ukuru nechekuita mukugarisana kwevanhu mune unobatsira mumagariro basa. Hunotaurawo vaifanira makambani vashandi nechiyero kuvapo mabasa zvinodiwa kuti vaunze mari. All chinzvimbo izvi vanoti basa rimwe anokosha zvechadenga basa pamusika.

Vamwe vanyori kupa mumwe tsanangudzo rokuti. Mukuona kwavo, basa chavagari - ndiwo mukuru parameter inodiwa kuti nokushanda kwenhengo misika basa. Muchiitiko chino, zviri ukama pakati vanhu zveupfumi uye pamutemo hunhu imwe mhando. Uye ichi hazvishamisi, nokuti munhu anopiwa kubasa, kusanganisira ichi kana kuti basa pamwe. Uye kusvikira panguva dzakadai mushandi unorambira ake subsystem wakasarudzwawo zvoupfumi nemauto hwenyika, noukama izvi kuramba nyaya.

Mapato evashandi

Mutemo "On basa iri Russian Federation" inopa tsanangudzo chero nyika vagari zvinogona sechinoitika waibatanidzwa unobatsira mumagariro basa.

Ndivo vanhu:
- kushanda pasi basa zvibvumirano uyewo nevamwe basa kana basa ravakanga vari unobhadharwa;
- iyo rinonyoreswa somunhu entrepreneur;
- vaita subsistence hove uye kutengesa zvigadzirwa pasi zvibvumirano;
- kusarudzwa, vanotenderwa kana akagadzwa kuti akabhadhara nzvimbo;
- kuita-siyana mabasa maererano zvibvumirano yevagari mutemo kana Copyright;
- nhengo cooperatives (cooperatives);
- basa rechiuto, vanhuwo zvavo dzimwe Muushumiri pamusoro Affairs Internal;
- vadzidzi pamusoro yakazara madhipatimendi ose nemasangano dzidzo;
- kwenguva ndisipo kubva kumabasa nokuda kurwara, pazororo, kuhondo, etc..
- tiri vechikamu (havaoni) uye masangano pamusoro ichangoburwa kodzero.

Zvinodiwa musika upfumi

Kutanga kubva nineties remakore rapfuura, Russia aramba administrative-murayiro mhando management. upfumi hwayo hwaiva Kutama pamusika upfumi, izvo zvaida kuchinja siyana. Kwete akapfuura, uye kukura basa. It kuchinja uyewo dzakawanda akaitwa. Pokumuka zvakagadzirwa inobva ruzivo kare chokuzviona dzakabudirira. Mugumisiro basa iri rava zvemitemo chiito "On basa chavagari yeRussian Federation", kuratidza mirayiridzo inokosha hurumende panyaya iyi. Wokutanga wavo enshrined mune Russian Constitution. Inoti pamusoro yokuzvidira hwevashandi uye Kuwanikwa kodzero vagari kuti vakasununguka dzokurasa nemano dzavo rokusika uye zvibereko basa.

The wechipiri dzemitemo akateya pasi mutemo weHurumende mutoro kusikwa anodiwa ezvinhu kubasa uye kuzvisarudzira vomuUmambo kubasa. Panguva nyika anewo inonzi refu pokutanga uye vazvidavirire rwacho. Ndiyo musimboti basa rechitatu. Hurumende zvese vanofanira kuedza kutanga panzvimbo hurumende murau zvenhengo uyewo haana kuvhiringidza kumusika kuzvidzora mumunda uyu. Izvi zvinofanira kushandiswa mikana zvemari kure-bhajeti mari, bhajeti, shamwari yavose, mabhizimisi uye vagari pachavo kuti vawane zveupfumi kunyatsoshanda zvirongwa hurumende akagamuchira. Ndiyo musimboti rechina ehurumende Mutemo nokure basa.

Nzira uye unyanzvi mabasa

Chero mamiriro basa gwara iri akatara anonyanya wakasiyiwa zvinangwa kambani nezvinangwa. Uyezve, mumwe nyika vanogona kushandisa nzira dzavo pachavo kugadzirisa matambudziko munzvimbo iyi. Saka, American womuenzaniso kusunungurwa. Kunosanganisira kusikwa vakawanda mabasa, kubva apo vanhu havana zvinoda mukuru kuita, uye mari yakagamuchirwa navo yakaderera. musika basa kwakadaro waguta zhinji chikamu vagari zvemari kushingaira. Pamutemo, iri urovha mwero yakaderera. Zvisinei, nhamba yevanhu vane mari shoma iri yekudyidzana ichiwedzerwa.

In pokushandisa Air muenzaniso anenge zvose akagwinya vemo achava mabasa pamwe dzinogutsa mashoko uye mamiriro ezvinhu muripo. Izvi zvinogoneka kusika vakawanda mabasa munzvimbo zvekutepfenyura. Zvisinei, kuita mutemo uyu rizere pamwe kwaita inflationary Matambudziko uye Kuparadzwa chezvipo.

Paaisika munhu European muenzaniso nhamba vakashandisa vakawanda ipfupi pamwe kuwedzera negoho uye mari evashandi. Kuitisa mutemo kwakadaro kunofanira rinotsigirwa ane hurongwa zvikomborero zvinodhura ive-inoramba ichiwedzera asingashandi.

Types mabasa maitiro

Mumunda basa vemo ehurumende vangaita vaviri vanoshingaira uye pusa mabasa. Chokutanga izvi zvinosanganisira nhevedzano zviyero zvainanga kusimudzira basa. Active negwaro zvinosanganisira zviyero zvainanga wokudzivisa layoffs uye nekuchengetedza mabasa, kuwedzera vanhu zvinodiwa uye kurovedzwa, sangano-siyana paruzhinji mabasa, kutsigira private zvebhizimisi, uye zvichingodaro. D. Zvose izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza pamwero kwemabasa munyika.

hurumende asingadi kutora matanho kusimudzira basa pusa mitemo. It chete inocherechedza nemigumisiro yakaipa kuti kuitika dzakakwirira siyana kwemabasa. The mamiriro inobhadhara Kubatsira vagari havashande uye zvinopa basa kusarudzwa kubasa. Kuti izvi zviitike, nyika rakarongwa basa mahofisi. Uyezve, munguva pusa mutemo, hurumende anogadzirira pamudyandigere. Inopawo nemari kana mu-nomutsa kune asingashandi.

Dzakabudirira pamwe mumagariro akatarisa musika upfumi, muri, sezvinoita mutemo, kushingaira mutemo basa vemunyika. Hurumende iri vakazvipira kuona kuti:
- basa rakanga vose anotsvaka kukudzwa;
- basa basa raiva kupfuura nyatsoshanda chechetere;
- Pane rusununguko rwokusarudza yekubasa.

Kugona zvinangwa

Kuti choko kunze zvinobudirira matanho kuti pave nomutemo mumunda Kushandiswa vemo, zvakakodzera kufungawo sandara uye padariro zvoupfumi munyika. Chimwe chinokosha kugadzirisa matambudziko mabasa ichava kwemapazi kuitika iyi chisarudzo siyana nezvinetso zvemari uye munzanga.

Sei anofanira kusimudza pachiyero kutsanangura basa vokuparidzira? Shanda kuvandudza mufananidzo uyu nokushandisa mitoo kuti zvinoenderana tsika uye nyika ezvinhu.

Pre-dzakabudirira nzira vanofanira kugara chikwata mukati yechinangwa zveupfumi negwaro. Panyaya iyi, vose zvisarudzo mumunda basa kunoda chiito kwete chete neHurumende. Matanho nenhungamiro ichi zvinodiwa kubva Vashandirwi uye kubva vashandi.

Zviremera kusimudzira basa

Muna 1991, Federal Employment Service chakatangwa Vagari ari Russian Federation. Kusvika panguva Integrated Management kunyika Kushandiswa vagari mubasa Bazi Labor uye Social Development kweRussia. It akasikwa muna 1996 kupfurikidza hwokubvisa panguva matatu chete pasocial masangano:

- Ministry evanhu mabasa. kudzivirira vanhu.
- Ministry of Labor.
- Federal Employment Service.

In dhipatimendi ichi richangobva kugadzwa akakonzera pagadzirwe ehurumende basa nehurumende. Uyezve, ushumiri Labor uye Social Development Rinotarisira gadziriro yose basa mabasa kuburikidza emunharaunda mahofisi.

The chikuru basa rinodzora ndiko kutanga uye zvimwe mari mumunda nebasa purogiramu, mitemo uye nezvinangwa mune pedyo pamwe chete emunharaunda mahofisi. Basa iri nechinangwa kudzivirira vanhu pamusoro urovha.

Regional mabasa vari akaisa zvakananga Bazi Labor uye Social Development. Vanotungamira basa nhengo simba, akaisa zvakananga pasi. Panyaya iyi, basa racho Regional mabasa anosanganisira:
- urongwa;
- kurairirwa;
- mari;
- kuzvidzora.

Local Employment Service iri kumhanya nenzira vepurovhinzi zvinoenderana nechipimo ichi, zvidzidzo zvakananga ngavasununguke. Ndipo zvavo ezuva nezuva.

mabasa Yên

Vagari vanoda kuwana nzvimbo yakakodzera basa, vanofanira kushandisa kuti basa centre reguta ravo kana musha. Ichi chinhu STRUCTURAL tumisoro of Bazi Labor uye Social Development, achapa mazano uye mashoko pamusoro iripo mabasa. Mukuwedzera, mabasa centre achava zvimwe mabasa. Pakati pavo:

- kwokuripirwa mari urovha makomborero;
- kupa zvinhu uye rubatsiro zvepfungwa kune vasingashandi, uyewo nemisha vomumhuri.

MNS vagadzirise zvina zvikuru mabasa. Ivo:
- social kudzivirira vagari rovha;
- unyanzvi nokudzidziswa;
- kufambisa basa;
- kupa ruzivo pamusoro basa mabasa.

Directions MNS mabasa

The mamiriro chero nyika anoronga uye anoita mabasa ezvinhu vemo. Russian Federal Employment Service anoita mabasa zvainanga:

- kufungidzira kugadzirwa uye kuongorora padanho basa;
- pakuzadzisa uye Implementation kuti zvakanangwa zvirongwa yeUnited uye miganhu mumatunhu, chinangwa iyo - kusimudzira basa nevaya vagari vari panjodzi kudzingwa uye vari kuona kuoma kuwana basa;
- sangano yekosi nhungamiro, kurovedza uye kudzidzisazve ari rovha.

basa iri rakarongwa uye kuitwa pasi zvakananga kutarisira yeUnited simba rakakodzera, inova weDhipatimendi Employment. Ndiye mukati masimba ake anosika uye rinotarisira miganhu basa.

The Department of Employment vanofanira:
- kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu ari emunharaunda misika basa, uye kuva akasiyana-siyana zviyero zvainanga kudzivisa kana kuderedza Migumisiro yakaipa vakawanda layoffs;
- kuronga basa havashande mazita uye kuvabatsira basa ramangwana;
- kugadza uye kubhadhara kwemabasa kubatsirwa vakanyorwa vagari dzavo;
- kupa hurumende chivimbiso chakasimba chekuchengetedzwa vagari;
- kuronga basa munhu kupinda miganhu muviri wegadziriro, dzakadai matunhu neminisiparati hurumende basa uye District Department of SA;
- kupinda zvibvumirwano masangano dzidzo iri nyanzvi kurovedza rovha;
- inoita kuti pave madiki.

Kuvandudza ngavasununguke

Miganhu miviri basa mabasa kushanda maererano yeUnited chirongwa, rinobatsira mumabasa vemunyika. chikuru basa ravo izvi kuderedza evanhu kusawirirana munyika reRussia. vavarira Izvi zvinoitwa ne kukura aida kuchinja mumisika basa, kuunza mwero kuti vaitaura kuti mabasa uye vashandi vasingashandi, ichiwedzera basa mumatunhu uye zvichingodaro. D. Saka pane kuramba kuvandudza nzira uye siyana basa pamwe vemo.

Somuenzaniso, basa chavagari muMoscow uye dzimwe maguta vari kuedza kutumira gwara activation kuzvimirira vomunyika job, nyorera Center MNS. Kuti aite izvi, vashandi basa kushandisa kuitisa boka mazano kukurukura.

Mukuwedzera, basa vomuUmambo inobatsira kuti kunopfuurira "basa nhumbi", "Banks atangezve nemakasitoma", "basa netsvimbo", uye zvimwe zvirongwa zhinji.