Diversification hwenyika. Diversification yeRussian Economy

Diversification hwenyika neimwewo pfungwa iri nzira yakagadzirirwa yekuzvidzivirira nokuda kuwedzera yesangano, zvinhu kana mabasa, uyewo vatengi kana misika kuti kare kuumbwa Portfolio. Pfungwa unowanikwa bumbiro yemirau kuchiJudha, Talmud. The pamusoro payakavakirwa rinomiririra weboka yesangano migove mitatu. Chimwe chikamu - zviri basa, kusanganisira kutengwa kana kutengeswa nhumbi, chechipiri - emura yesangano, zvakadai sendarama, chetatu - mari dziri pfungwa zvivako. Kugadzirisa anganzi kuverenga hurumende ichiisa mari tarisiro yakadaro, kuti kurasikirwa nomumwe chidimbu, kuita mari, haana kukanganisa zvinonyatsorehwa mamiriro ezvinhu. Tsanangudzo Izvi rakanakira zvose nehurumende pamwero uye nokuda mari, kurima, chero munda basa.

A nepaburi kududzira diversification

Economic diversification rakakamurwa zvinotevera:

• Banking. It kunoreva reallocation kuti chikwereti guru pakati vakawanda vatengi. Mune dzimwe rinoti, pane mutemo pamusoro urongwa zvikwereti. Tsika zvemari anekodzero kupa chikwereti muruoko rimwe, kana kwazvo 10% of guru kubhengi.
• Investment. It anopa unyorwe ndandanda mamwe marudzi kuchengetedzeka kana zvakafanana, asi vakasiyana issuers zviri sectors kana makambani.
• Production. kuwedzera uyu siyana zvigadzirwa kukura itsva kugadzirwa uye kusunungurwa ruzivo.
• Diversification kunotsanangurwa so kukunda itsva pamisika, kugadzira sectors itsva basa.
• Agriculture. It kunorondedzerwa so kuwedzera basa: active kukura uye zvipfuwo, uye uswa.
• Conglomerate. kuwedzera uyu ndandanda mabasa uye nenhumbi mukati imwe vachida. Panyaya iyi, pamazita zvigadzirwa zvinofanira kuva kufanana aivapo Nomenclature.
• Ngozi. Kushandisa uku imwe maturusi akasiyana-siyana kuti mupenyu. At padanho mari ndiwo kutenga kwete chete migove asiwo zvisungo. Pachiyero yebhizimisi - pokumuka policies matsva pachiyero upfumi - ndiko kubvisa kuvimba pamisika nyika mitengo nokuda zvizere zvidikanwi chavagari ehurumende mauto.

A zvishoma nhoroondo

Market upfumi yakaumbwa nezvishoma. Danho rimwe nerimwe kukura ane nomumwe maitiro ayo, kunyanya kana iwe funga padanho specialization uye diversification mu zvakaita anopikisana siyana pakuvaka kugadzirwa indasitiri. Pfungwa yokuti "upfumi diversification" akaratidza sezvo chikuru muchikwata iri 50s remakore rechi20 zvoupfumi. Panguva iyi, kushanda zvakanaka okuwana mune zvinenge zvose kunyika zvenyika rawa yekudyidzana sezvo pamusana kuneta zvezvipfuwo zvinyorwa. It akatanga nokushingaira kurwisana pakati inoti zviri mumusika nyika. Change kurimwa rava zvakakodzera somugumisiro achiuraya prerequisites kuti slowdown kukura zvoupfumi kukura uye vakadhakwa musayenzi uye michina mberi. Tikafunga kuti kutenga unyanzvi nenguva uye Implementation mabasa pamwero mukuru kugadzirwa michina mitsva vakakundikana, diversification kwakaitika vakawanda muchimiro guru yevasungwa. Mabhizimisi uye masangano akaedza azvidavirire nokuda zveminda kuwedzera akavanzvenga uye kuwedzera nhamba anopa mari, hamuna chete refu azvipire makwikwi, asiwo kubudirira.

Nzira yayo basa panguva zvebhizimisi pamwero

Concentration chete mumwe mirayiridzo pamusoro chikamu management chinoita kuti zvakawanda dzebhizimisi zvakanakira: sangano, utariri uye nzira. Kuwa profitability pamusoro nomusoro kwave paakapiwa pakuburitswa inoita zvakakodzera kushandisa ruzivo reallocation nzira. Diversification wekambani kana makambani, kuita sechekushandisa kuchaitwa kusaenzanirana uye kubereka pamusoro pfungwa zvekuvaka yavaive inoita basa rinokosha sezvo murongi mudare kutungamirirwa kugadzirisa upfumi rose, saka akagara pamberi akasiyana-siyana yemakambani zvinangwa uye zvinangwa. Redistribution yakabatana nadzurudzo zvikuru zvinokosha basa. Ndicho rakapedzwa chigadzirwa, uye maindasitiri uye musika, uye nenzvimbo kambani neimwe nzvimbo. Mune kukurumidza kukura makro muitiro anoita kuti hwaro hwemhando kuti achitsvaka mukana zvachose kuvandudza kuchinja pamisika, zvose mumhuri uye vatorwa. Chisarudzo pamusoro kana kuti kushandisa nzira dzose diversification kana kwete kutorwa pachishandiswa zvichaitika. Pfungwa kwechokwadi kwacho chokuita basa kukura wekambani, kuti kukunda mabhora matsva nawo. Kana boka kuramba kuunganidza guta, chirongwa redistribution haasi kuita sechinhu chikuru zvine urongwa chinangwa.

diversification hwenyika

Diversification ari zvatinoita upfumi anomirira kugadzirisa, nechinangwa modernizing uye kushingaira kusimudzira yakasiyana siyana maindasitiri. Very kukurumidza kugadzirisa kuRussia, umo kukura zvakakosha kuita kunze basa zvose zvitatu sectors:

• Military.
• Industrial.
• Energy.

Kana kushanyirwa rokurima chidimbu, kugadzirwa mutengi zvinhu uye mabasa, izvi underdeveloped nzvimbo. The dzinonetsa chikamu zvinhu vaifarira kuparadzwa ndiko migumisiro kusaenzana mune zvoupfumi zvekutepfenyura. Izvi zvinotungamirira kuti Russia iri zvakasimba pachena kuti kusagadzikana tichitarisa mitengo. High mitengo kunokanganisa paumbwe mubereko mukuru prices pamusoro zvikwereti. Saka, mortgages uye dzimwe mhando mari oga uye zviri pamutemo vanhu, havatomborina zvinowanikwa navanopinda denderedzwa vanhu. The nemamiriro upfumi, iro nhasi runozivisa nyika chinhu asi chigumburiso kukura. Nokuti zvinonyatsorehwa kukura ehurumende kunokosha chaizvo kuti akurudzire kukura zvachose chokuita maindasitiri, kunyanya motokari, tourism, kurima uye zvokudya.

Zvakanakira kugadzirisa

Diversification hwenyika rakanakira zvakawanda. The chikuru mumwe - ari kuzvimirira rakazara mamiriro imwe kwemauto Vos mumwe. Kana muine dambudziko iri pamusika rimwe chete, kuderera yose upfumi ehurumende haisi kuzoitika. Zvazvakashatira kwacho zvinosanganisira kudiwa kufungawo vakawanda kusiyana misika uye chaizvo basa ravo pakati subtleties pamusoro nyaya dzemarudzi akasiyana-siyana zvigadzirwa. Nokuda chokuti hurumende yeRussia haina kuwedzera wayo-siyana zvigadzirwa, mhando kwete itsva uye mhando kugadzirwa haana kushandura zvigadzirwa, kureva, haana kuita mazuvaano okuwana, nhasi upfumi iri zvakazara kuderera. The mhaka kuderera anganzi Statistical mamiriro oupfumi, izvo kare vakatumirwa mafuta uye gasi unobereka indasitiri. Nokuda vanowira mitengo mafuta, pakatanga zvirango ne EU, bhajeti Russia haina kukasawedzerwa muna vakaronga vhoriyamu mudzimba kugadzirwa havagoni kusangana nyika zvinodiwa. Ndokusaka Panguva iyi diversification yeRussian upfumi iri kudiwa kwete chete nokuda kubudirira asiwo kukwanisa kupona dambudziko. Nepo izvi haisi kusashanda, nyika vepamusoro ane mukana kukanganisa nyika nokuchinja nyika pamusika prices, kunyanya sehuni.

Ndiani anofanira Siyanisai upfumi hwayo?

diversification zvinangwa rakanakira idzodzo, budiriro uye kubudirira vari chokuita zvikuru aina zvicherwa, pamwe kutengeswa zviwanikwa. Russia - iyi ndiyo imwe nyika inoda kugadzirisa rakazara aivapo upfumi, maererano ine rikurumidze muenzaniso. Countries akadai Chile, Malaysia, Indonesia, uye vamwe vazhinji, vanogona kuti muenzaniso abudirire ndiwedzere akakodzera. Zvakakodzera anoteerera multi-pamwero nzira iri kudzidza mubvunzo kuti chii chiri kuita Siyanisai upfumi. Kutsunga kunotungamirira ndechokuti basa kwagara kuti nyika dzakawanda dzenyika, ine kwemakore zvinobudirira kurarama nokuda dzokubudisa uye kutengeswa chicherwa mari. Pasinei simba mashoko enyika uye vaongorori, mune ruzhinji ezvinhu, zvose anoramba pachiyero kukurukurirana.

yemberi basa

The chikuru chepfungwa kugadzirisa kwacho hwenyika iri chokwadi kuti zvakawanda zvinoitwa pavaiita nhasi, uye migumisiro kubudirira ane chinokosha zvishoma. Nemamwe mashoko, diversification, mienzaniso izvo zvakaoma zvikuru kuwana munhau zviri chaizvoizvo kuti basa neramangwana. Mubayiro akaenzaniswa panguva ino ndichapa kure yakareba nguva. Vachishingaira bhizimisi iri sectors siyana pebasa hurumende, kusanganisira nokure mabasa ari toerisme maindasitiri, mukurima, rinopa kwakawedzerwa yakanaka vanoshingaira private mabhizimisi kubudirira. Nokushingaira kuvaka kubatana pakati maindasitiri, pachava prerequisites kuti paumbwe vanoshingaira kukura wezvokutengeserana turnover mumusika dzakawanda. Izvi zvose zvinotungamirira nani mararamiro uye kuwedzera kudiwa uye kukura vaitaura. The kuwedzera munyika kutengeserana munyika iri tandem pamwe nokusimbaradza zvinhu kuyerera simudza zvinonakisa upfumi mabasa ehurumende.

Subtleties yeRussian zvoupfumi uye kukurumidza diversification

Development pamwe guru zviwanikwa wenyika, zvikurukuru Russia, anonyanya zvinhu. The koshesa Kuwanda ezvinhu kumhanya simba Kugadzirwa zviri kuvatumwa prices zvokuwedzera kwevanhu. Nokufamba kwenguva, mwero kudzoka chokuita paminiti capita zvishoma nezvishoma shoma. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti migodhi indasitiri haasi kukwanisa kupa munhu zvakakwana vazhinji mabasa. Izvi zvose zvinotungamirira kwete chete kuti paumbwe pasocial kutyisidzira, asi inokanganisa huri upenyu. Mukana dambudziko iri nemhaka simba kukura mune urovha unodiwa. Russia, ari kupno ekisipota kuti zviwanikwa uye anenge zvachose novimba dzakawanda pamusika mitengo. Pasinei kushandiswa zvibvumirwano pakati nyika pamusoro zvinogamuchirika kwevari mbishi zvinhu mitengo, pane mukana chimbichimbi kuchinja Pricing itsika. Ngozi yakanga mukaruramiswa ezvinhu akanga akapararira 2015. Kuwa muna mitengo mafuta kwakaita upfumi Russian mamiriro kuderera. Pfungwa diversification kunosanganisirawo nomazvo redistribution mari kubva chinhu zvekutepfenyura pakati dzose dzimwe nzvimbo hurumende basa, zvimwe unogona kuwana "chirwere Dutch."

Achaponesa Russia?

Nokuti Russia, dzinoratidzwa yakawanda upfumi dzokubudisa. The chikuru dambudziko harisi chete kuti kwemari kubva indasitiri achipinda kupfumisa rakaropafadzwa chikamu vemo. Nematambudziko kukura ehurumende vari chokuita zvakananga kubatana pakati uwandu kugadzirwa zvinhu uye padanho uori. The inokosha shanduro okutambirwa guta guru - ndiko kuti kupa mari kubva simba zvekutepfenyura. Kana paumbwe chikuru chikamu bhajeti tichiregeredza mutero extractive maindasitiri makambani, utungamiriri wokuRussia haafungi basa guru kune mamwe mabasa nekuda mupiro yavo isiri zvinokosha kuti upfumi. Mamiriro dzinokubatsira kukurumidza kugadzirisa. diversification vemabhizimisi, maindasitiri, kugadzira, sectors zvose zvichava nyika achipindura zvinorayirwa pamisika nyika. Political kuda uye zvakakura kuita vanokwanisa kushandura mamiriro ezvinhu zvikuru.

Technical chokuita kugadzirisa

Chinenge yamarudzi ose diversification ose nhasi uchava akakodzera kuti Russia. Izvi imhaka zvinoverengeka:

• MuRussia, pane yakapinza kuderera zvinogona zvebhizimisi kukura.
• Mikana kushanda nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana maindasitiri, kunyange varipo, asi havazivi kutanga.
• Zvingakwanisa nemauto mugodhi inogona zvinobudirira kuzodzosera dzinounzwa pakati nemamwe mapazi.
• The vakawanda zvinhu zviri nechokumusoro kwerwizi negwara.

Somuenzaniso, diversification ari kumaruwa upfumi chichabatsira mamiriro kunzwa kwete zvichienderana wedzerai zvipfuwo kumusika zvigadzirwa. No kurambidzwa kupinzwa kubva dzeEU havazokwanisi kurova panguva upfumi. Pasinei simba zviito zvainanga modernizing upfumi, ane zano hwakadzama kusanganisira, panguva zviremera havagoni kutora chero zvisarudzo chaiko. Kugadzirisa hazvibviri pasina kushingaira kusimudzira pamusika womukati uye Kuwanikwa mutengi solvency. Nokuti nyika ino basa, pakutanga zvakafanira kusimudza zvinonyatsorehwa mararamiro munyika: kuwedzera mubayiro, zvemagariro makomborero, kupa vanhu vane mabasa. Mazuvaano vanofanira kutanga mukati hurumende, uye kwete kunze.