Chilean Araucaria: tsananguro uye mapikicha

Araukskaya vanoondoroka, "Tsoko dambanemazwi", Tsoko-dambanemazwi - mazita ose nokuda chete muti, raiva mukuru Conifers. It akaramba achikura redu zviuru zvemakore akapfuura uye zvayo dzinongoitika chimiro richiripo nanhasi chete muAustralia uye South America.

MuEurope, chirimwa ichi chete akawana kubva muna 1782 nemhaka kuitwa rokuItari nyanzvi H. Molinua. Makore 16 gare gare (1796) muti wokutanga wakange wakasimwa England. Pano tine chimwezve zita raro - Monkey Puzzle ( «chakavanzika nemaape"). Zviri zvikuru zvakafanana uye akava duramazwi botanical. Rimwe zuva, mumwe wechiduku muridzi Araucaria, hunde uye mapazi ayo kare yakafukidzirwa chipingamupinyi mashizha, achiratidza kuti vaenzi vake, akati: "Climbing muti uyu hakusi nyore kuti, zvaiva muchakavanzika kunyange tsoko."

Wokutanga muti muEngland kurarama kwemakore anopfuura zana. Pava paya, Tsoko-dambanemazwi yave kwakapararira muWestern Europe. MuRussia, unogona chete kuonekwa botanical mumapindu of Caucasus uye Crimea. Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro ichi zvakawanda zvekumwe zvirimwa.

Chilean Araucaria: tsananguro

Iyi yakakura kwazvo, kusvikira 60 metres yakakwirira, dioecious, miti yakasvibira, dioecious muti. Under dzinongoitika ezvinhu, nehunde yawo iri 1.5 metres dhayamita. Hardiness: ungapikisa tembiricha kuderera kusvika -20 ° C.

korona

Externally, muti rakasiyana yedu yekushandisa softwood (spruce, nemipaini). Chii muchimiro Araucaria miti Chile? In vaduku miti korona rakatenderera-conical chimiro, panguva kurei zera, iye anova amburera. It chakaumbwa refu, gobvu, kupararira, zvishoma sagging nechepasi, uye ipapo kudzokera kukwira pabazi. matavi Lower nhema pasi.

Ivo Zera, kunowanzova idonhe. Adults mimwe vane divi mapazi yakarongwa muna 6-7 whorls. Vakawaridza yakatambarara kana zvishoma vachirembedza, izvo kazhinji inogona kuonekwa miti akare. Crohn anowana sandara-amburera-chimiro mumakore mashoma pashure kudyara. Riri pamusoro Upfu.

hunde

Araucaria Chile, mapikicha paunogona kuona munyaya ino, ndiye yakarurama mutsetse, vakagumisa uye mutete chaizvo hunde. Rinotaura anotsvedzerera anobuda pamiti nemakwenzi nemakwati gobvu shava. Zvakajeka zvinoonekwa longitudinal makatsemuka kuonekwa asunungurwa kubva nezvigadziko, mapazi akafa. The kuhukura iri rakawunyana, flaking. Annual kukura vechidiki zvinomera kusvika masendimita 45, uye zvino DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA kusvika 10-15 cm. Young miti kuonekwa kusvikira makore 50.

Araucaria huni ane yellowish-chena ruvara. Rinoshandiswa rokuvaka. nebwe Its rave kushandiswa zvavo mushonga.

mashizha

Araucaria Chilean ane tsono makuru. Kureba tsono - 3-5 masendimita nenguva upamhi. Vakagara zvakasimba pamusoro pamatavi mumakore akatevera 10-15 makore. The mashizha ari oma chaizvo, ane wakananga chakaderedzwa mutengo, pachaenzaniswa. Yokumusoro penyika iri zvishoma convex, mativi maviri ane stomatal mutsetse. Mashizha zvakasimba spirally chinofukidza mapazi. Kumativi ose riri kupendwa mu chete rima manyoro uye kupenyerera.

Zvinoshamisa, Mashizha muti uyu saka chipingamupinyi uye zvakaoma kuti davi rake haana kunyange kugara pasi shiri. Mashizha muti uyu vanogara kwamakore makumi mana. The peculiarity of zvirimwa vari microstrobili. Vane ndoga, axillary (kazhinji inounganidzwa muzvikwata panguva chakaderedzwa mutengo pematanda 2-6 zvidimbu). Vane cylindrical, dzimwe nguva vanenge denderedzwa, vakakomba mujinga vegetative mashizha.

maruva

Tsoko-dambanemazwi Anotumbuka muna June - July. namaruva Male panguva kumigumo mabukira vakaungana Masvinga duku kuti varambe pamuti kwemwedzi inoverengeka.

pasikweya

Huge pasikweya Araucaria Chilean kupendwa shava, idenderedzwa chimiro, dhayamita pamusoro masendimita 18 uye uremu anosvika gumi kilos. Pakutanga, vakanga akafukidzwa rwakatambanudzwa, refu (kusvika 3 cm), uye zvishoma akatendeuka-up miromo yesimbi pachikero, iyo zvino kwatanga kure.

Female pasikweya vari globular-conical chimiro, guru (17 masendimita ari dhayamita), zvakarongwa pamusoro okumusoro kumativi mapazi kusimba. Pashure ivo pollinate anopfuura maviri makore kuramba girini. miti Adult iri pasikweya anenge 30, imwe neimwe ine mbeu huru kwazvo 300. Mushure mukanyiwa crumbles ichiibvira pamuti.

Yakura mbeu compressed zvishoma, kuti elongated kureba mana Ukobvu masendimita maviri. Pamwe kumicheto mbeu anogona kuonekwa yakamanikana neshamhu - vakasara bapiro.

kushandiswa

Mbeu ndiwo jikichira chaizvo, uye vagari vemo anodzishandisa zvokudya. Vane kujairika kuravira, saka ivo inowanzoshandiswa muchimiro toasted kana chizi ndiro.

kushandiswa kwakapararira Tsoko-dambanemazwi inowanikwa Landscape Design: Nemhaka kujairika chimiro muti inowanzoshandiswa mumapaki uye mapindu.

Araucaria Chile pamusha

At nzvimbo mamiriro Araucaria anokura 180 cm. Kuti kukura ichi chirimwa chinoshamisa, vanoda chiedza, kupfuura zvishoma pamumvuri. The kamuri anofanira inotonhorera, nezvakanaka mhepo kutenderera. muti uyu haangavi kukura yazvino makamuri pamwe nechepakati kudziyisa.

Nokuti kukura Araucaria tinoda yakawanda nzvimbo. Muchirimo, sembeu ichangotanga kumera iri chaizvo ari kunze, asi bedzi kuti achadzivirirwa kubva zvakananga chezuva. Kazhinji nzvimbo iri chindori mubindu Tsoko-dambanemazwi. Kusango, kunyange panguva kunonoka transplantation, chirimwa hwapedyo zvikuru kuzviita.

tembiricha

The inodiwa tembiricha kuti Araucaria + 10-12 ° C. Kunyange kuwedzera diki racho (kusvika +16 ° C) chirimwa anotambura zvakaipa: tsono dzinotanga kutendeuka tsvuku.

ivhu

Chilean Araucaria haina zvokuita paivhu sezvamunoita. Kazhinji, wakagadzirirwa zvatinosiita kunovhengana kuti kuchengeta maruva anosimwa mumba. Pariri unogona kuwedzera torfosoderzhaschy substrate ane asidhi kuita. Inogona kutengwa mune dzakagadzirirwa chitoro sezvo ivhu kuti zvikwenzi.

unyoro

Munzvimbo tembiricha iri kupfuura yakarumbidza, chirimwa anofanira sprayed katatu pazuva. In muchitonhorera makamuri nzira iyi inofanira kuitwa pasina kupfuura kamwe mumazuva maviri. Nevhu muhari inofanira kuvharwa sphagnum chikwindi, izvo zvaida kuti moisturize kugara.

kudiridza

Muchirimo, mvura inofanira kuva rakawanda. Tinogona kubvumira kuomesa ivhu. In iyiwo kunyanyisa rewet kunogona kukuvadza chirimwa: zvakawandisa mwando akapoteredza midzi zvinogona kukonzera yellowness uye tsono abscission. Kudiridza rinoitwa chete pashure kupwa topsoil.

In yechando, achidiridzira Zvisinei wakaderedzwa kushoma, uye panguva ino kupwa yevhu clod nezvisingabvumwi. Uyezve, regai kushandisa mvura zvakaoma yokudiridzira. Recommended adzivirire zvakanaka, mvura kana yakabikwa nemvura.

At mumba mamiriro ari Chilean Araucaria mupenyu kusvika makore gumi, pasi ezvinhu. Yellowed tsono zvinoratidza kuti indoor mhepo chakanyanya akaoma. Funga yakachengeteka umbowo chirimwa. Akakodzera zvokudya fetiraiza nokuda azaleas. Kushandiswa munguva kubva April kusvika August pamwe penguva vhiki nhatu. The Organic fetiraiza Araucaria hakudi.

nokuisazve

Zvichitevera pakuunganidza majaya zvinomera anofanira kunyatsoongorora ndiribvise muhari, achitarisira kwete kukuvadza pasi ru. Kana midzi vari zvakare zvakasimba vakaruka izvozvo, unofanira 7-10 mazuva muchinjikwa muti (pasina kuchinja pasi) muhari yakakura uye kuwedzera substrate nokuda Conifers. kuisirwa Next zvinoda chete pashure pemakore 3-4, kana mumwe munhu kamwe zvakasimba opletut midzi.

inda

chirimwa Izvi kumbonyanya husingakwanisi tupembenene kunyange dzimwe nguva kukanganisa mealybug tupukanana uye wakananga Conifers. Kana uchiona kuti muti chena masumbu, akafanana donje shinda zvidimbu, kuvabvisa aine Semi-vanachandagwinyira mumakwenzi, pashure ichinyongovedza nedoro. Pashure muitiro uyu chirimwa zvinodhaka "Akhtar".

Araucaria Chile - kushamisira chaizvo chirimwa kuti anotsvaka mukuru chero zvakatipoteredza. Sezvaunogona kuona, hazvisi nyore kuti kuramba ari mukamuri kugutsikana (kunze pakuomerera kuchengeta imwe tembiricha muoti).