Chii rwekenza yelymphoma? Zviratidzo, kurapwa, fungidziro, danho

Chii rwekenza yelymphoma? mhando iyi ropa kenza. Zvinosuruvarisa uwandu oncological zvirwere zvino yakawedzera zvinooneka. Chii chaiva chikonzero ichi, hazvina kuzivikanwa. Kwemazana emakore anoverengeka, masayendisiti munyika yose vari kushanda kugadzira mushonga kenza. Zvisinei, zviri chose kukundwa chirwere ichi inotengwa chete vashoma varwere.

Asi tsvakurudzo hazvirevi mira. Kwekutanga nechirwere kuti "rwekenza yelymphoma" anozivisa, inopiwa vanachiremba, zvakanga joyless. The varwere akararama kupfuura makore 1-3, kuchitsamira pamunhu muviri. Zvino mikana yokupona vari zvikuru, varwere vakawanda vane zvakakwana-refu kuregererwa (anenge makore 10).

Rwekenza yelymphoma (chii chirwere ichi, anorondedzerwa zvakadzama pazasi) kunogona chero nhengo, iyo chokuita nhengo dzinobudisa maitiro. chirwatata Izvi anokonzera wokunatswa ropa, tonsils, achidzivirira kubva chirwere, mumwongo thymus uye vamwe. cheAtari kuzvimba anogona yekudyidzana chokuwedzera, sezvo zvinenge zvose zvomukati ane nhengo dzinobudisa tishu.

Saka, tinyatsoziva nechirwere, ayo zviratidzo uye kuongorora chirwere nzira. Nyaya kutarisa vamwe vakawanda mhando rwekenza yelymphoma.

Chii rwekenza yelymphoma: mukuru pfungwa

Imwe siyana hematological chirwere rwekenza yelymphoma. Zvinonzi akaumba mune nhengo dzinobudisa zvinyama, achitaura anozivikanwa kuzvimba. Nebundu yakadaro chena ropa masero mutate uye dzinotanga nokukurumidza kukura. Lymphocytes kuva usingafi, zvichitungamirira kuwanda kwavo. Vari zvishoma kutsiva ropa masero ose. Izviwo, kunokanganisa basa zvose zvomukati. Rwekenza yelymphoma murwere pakarepo anonzwa lethargy uye vaneta nokukurumidza. Zviratidzo zvokutanga varwere izvi zvinogona wakakurisa node nodes, saka ivo hazvo kunorwadza. Panguva chirwere yavo kunosanganisira mapoka akasiyana:

• inguinal;
• pamutsipa;
• axillary.

Rwekenza yelymphoma, mukusiyana kuna namamota zvikukutu, harisi chete kugona metastasize, asiwo dzakapararira muviri, pova vashoma anogumbura maronda. Izvi achaendeswa kuburikidza muropa uye nyama yacho nhengo dzinobudisa hurongwa.

Rwekenza yelymphoma - chii chirwere ichi? Pakarepo zvinokosha kuziva nemanomano ayo. Vamwe kwemarudzi ayo anokwanisa iri kwokutanga matanho kuitika zvachose asymptomatic, uye izvi zvinotungamirira kurasikirwa nguva inokosha iyo munhu anogona kukunda zvinenge zvachose chirwere. In mushonga, kenza ichi rakakamurwa mhando mbiri: non-Hodgkin kuti rwekenza yelymphoma uye Hodgkin chirwere. Below isu hunonyatsodonongodza nomumwe wavo.

kupatsanura

Zvisinei, nyanyisa lymphomas, sezvo mamwe marudzi nekenza vane kuparadzana danho. kupatsanura kwakadaro kunoita vanachiremba zvakakwana kuti zvakarurama kuona ukuru kukuvara. Uyewo, mashoko aya ndiwo hwaro pakuumba misoro kurapwa, ndiko pachikuva achavaponesa dzokudzidzisa Zvinotambudza rwekenza yelymphoma uye taurira zvinodhaka.

Kazhinji, sei bundu pakutanga kukura kuri yakasiyana nzira zvinoshandiswa yemhando siyana. Rokutanga uye rechipiri Danho anonzi yemunyika, kureva, hosha haina kunyenga yose muviri, uye ane chikuru bundu maronda. Dzinoratidzwa rwechitatu norwechina chimiro metastases uye kufambiswa. Vari conventionally vachinzi zvakajairika. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pakurapa mumatanho izvi zvakaoma, uye chikamu varwere zvinosanganisirei kwenguva refu ruregerero, vashomashoma, saka Zvinokurudzirwa chero nyaya kwete kunonoka kurapwa kana chirwere "rwekenza yelymphoma". Mishonga - chete nzira kurwa kenza mapundu iri danho wechina, mumwe haasi kupa migumisiro yakanaka.

The kutanga nzendo chirwere dzinoiswa kushandisa letters:

• A - unyatsoshanda chiratidzo.
• B - achiperekedzwa rakapinza uremu, muviri uye causeless kunonyengedza vangadikitira, izvo kunooneka pacharo usiku.

Stage uye tsananguro dzavo

• Danho rokutanga.

Ndiwo mavambo kukura bundu. Kazhinji, panguva ino hosha kunoratidzwa mumwe anogumbura pfungwa, unosanganisira mumwe chete nzvimbo node nodes. Kana diagnosing Panguva iyi basa zvinyoronyoro kurapwa, zvinopa mukana vapone kusvika 80% wevarwere.

• Danho rechipiri.

Panguva iyi okukura rwekenza yelymphoma danho 2 anogona kuumba anopfuura maviri bundu maronda dzinosanganisira munzvimbo akawanda pamusoro node nodes, asi chirwere haisi mhiri thorax kana dumbu, zvichienderana apo zvikuru bundu. In danho iri, bundu chinogona kurapwa zvinobudirira.

• Danho rechitatu.

Panguva ino, pane nokukurumidza kukura masero kenza kuti rakapararira muviri. Zvinenge vose node nodes utachiona, zvichiguma noruzhinji kuzvimba. saizi yayo kunowedzera somunhu Zvaiitwa kuunganidza masero utachiona. Zvinosuruvarisa 20 chete% wevarwere vakawana Panguva iyi kuti yakagadzikana kanganwiro.

• Danho wechina.

Kwacho kunosanganisira zvomukati dzakadai chirwatata, mwoyo, neitsvo nevamwe. Bundu anogona kupararira mumwongo saka panguva rokuongorora kunodiwa kuponjesa aendeswa kuti kuongorora ukuru kukuvara. Kuwedzera kune matambudziko aya, chikuva chechina kunoratidzwa paumbwe metastases. Kuti vawane kanganwiro kwakaoma zvisingaiti chimiro ichi chirwere.

Akazivisa Zviratidzo rwekenza yelymphoma

Pashure omumwe mashoko pamusoro apa kunzwisisa chii rwekenza yelymphoma Ndiko nyore, asi ikozvino vanofanira kubata zviratidzo, iro rinogona kushanda wokutanga bhero, achinyevera nezvengozi. Pakarepo anokwezvera yokuti nezviratidzo chirwere dzingasiyana zvichienderana mhando uye nzvimbo yacho bundu.

ngozi Chokutanga ndechokuti kwokutanga zviratidzo zviri chaizvo zvakafanana zvavo chando. Fivha ichi rworwendo 37, nomusoro, muviri pari, kurukutika. Pakadaro, ari kusarudza chinhu ndiyo nguva: Kana zviratidzo izvi zvikaramba zviripo kwevhiki 2-3, unofanira kutsvaka mazano ane hematologist.

Pakusarudza bundu muitiro pachayo nani kunzwisisa. It, kusafanana nedzimwe hosha dzakadai anogona kuva Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa chimiro, Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa computed tomography.

The pachena chiratidzo rwekenza yelymphoma ndiwo node raiva pedyo nebundu nedumbu. Kazhinji, izvi achiperekedzwa zvinorwadza nezvekufadza, kusagadzikana uye fivha. Kana bundu ikabuda iri abdominal mhango, chinowanzoonekwa kuchengetwa zvaipesana chetsoka, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa uye bloating. In varwere makore 40 makore anooneka zvimba nemakumbo.

Saka, isu kusarudza vakawanda zviratidzo rwekenza yelymphoma:

• kuzvimba node nodes;
• fivhiri;
• iratidzike seiri kubuda;
• nekuneta;
• kurwadziwa nemusoro;
• nekuneta;
• uremu;
• kuvaviwa;
• kuzvimba tonsils;
• kupfupika mweya;
• refu chikosoro.

Zvinosuruvarisa zvose zvezviratidzo izvi ndezvemamiriro dzimwe mhando zvirwere, saka kuvapo kwavo havagoni kupupura zvakajeka pamusoro panowanikwa rwekenza yelymphoma. Zvinokurudzirwa patinonetseka zviratidzo vanotsvaka rubatsiro vakakodzera.

Chirwere: Nzira dzokuziva rwekenza yelymphoma

Chii zvinoreva "nechirwere rwekenza yelymphoma '? Chokutanga, ndiko kuti chiremba. Anoongorora uye, zvichienderana ahwo, ngaagadze miedzo zvakafanira uye kutevera-up ongororo. Chinodiwa ndiro chokuendesa ropa nemhaka yokuora uye nokukanganisika zvidzidzo. Nhamba yacho runoenzanirana muchitokisi iri chiremba wake rinoratidza zvichibvira kuongorora chirwere. Kuzosimbisa biopsy anogadzwa. The kuongorora chinobviswa tichibatsirwa kuvhiyiwa, panguva iyo jira iri zvikaramba node raiva pedyo nebundu mamwe kudzidza.

Pane imwe Danho rwekenza yelymphoma yakatarwa ranzi chirwere, izvo zvinoita kuti kuziva zvakavanzika nzvimbo damage bundu. Kazhinji, kururama nechirwere hazvibviri pasina kudzidza mumwongo izvozvo kunoita kuti uone sei zvikuru maperembudzi apararira. Kune mamwe nzira rokurohwa, akadai immunophenotyping, samolecular kuvabereki uye cytogenetic zvidzidzo.

rwekenza yelymphoma kurapwa

Pane nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kurapa, izvo dzinokudziridzwa maererano mhando bundu, dariro pakukura uye mukuru ezvinhu omurwere. Zvinosuruvarisa inenge zvinodhaka zvose inoshandiswa tsika panguva ino, muri mhando chepfu, iyo inobata kenza masero kwete chete, asiwo kune chinokosha zvomukati. Funga kurapwa nzira zvichienderana nemhando yacho chirwere.

• Hasha lymphomas. Pamusoro kuonekwa kwaiita bundu kurapwa zvinofanira chatangwa, nokuti unogona nokukurumidza kupararira nokukurumidza yose muviri. Pashure kusimbisa nechirwere chinonyanya inowanzoshandiswa Chop Chirongwa, kubatanidza pamwe chete antibody "Rituximab".
• Zvikuru hasha rwekenza yelymphoma. In mhando aya akashandiswa vanachandagwinyira mishonga zvirongwa, dzakadai lymphoblastic neleukemia. Muchiitiko chino, vanachiremba ndanzwawo ndiko kuparadzwa kwakakwana namamota kenza, asi wokurarama munyika iyi ipfupi kwazvo. Maonero akanaka anogona kupiwa chete kana kuona rwekenza yelymphoma pachikuva 2, pamusoro 3rd uye 4th vanachiremba vanogona hazvivimbisi wokupedzisira mugumisiro, sezvo taifunga, sezvo muviri achapindura kurapwa ichi, hazvibviri.
• Usimbe rwekenza yelymphoma. Nzira yokurapa iyi mhando anomera nevamwe nomumwe nyaya imwe neimwe. Pane zvimwe mapundu kuti havafaniri kurapwa. Zvisinei, chinofanira kuva pasi kuramba pokudzora chiremba kuti zvakananga kuchengeta kutanga kunoita. Electrical nemwaranzi jekiseni inowanzoshandiswa muzviitiko izvi (irradiation). Nzira iyi inobvumira kuita munharaunda pamusoro bundu pasina kukanganisa dzimwe nhengo. Zvinosuruvarisa rwekenza yelymphoma mushonga haanyatsonzwisisi kushanda, saka zvose kuitwa vanachiremba 'chinangwa kuvandudza murwere ezvinhu.

pfungwa rwekenza yelymphoma

uropi rwekenza yelymphoma kungava chikuru kana yechipiri. In yokutanga nyaya pachoto localization inotanga kubva mugove ichi, rechipiri - utachiona apararira kubva node nodes kana tishu.

Bundu chikuru hakuwanzowaniki Zvisinei, pangozi dzinenge vose, kunyange vana vacheche. rwekenza yelymphoma ichi chiri muchimiro nodules, izvo pakupedzisira vanotanga kuparadzira nyoro tishu metastases.

The chimiro yechipiri chirwere iri yakasiyana zvikuru. Kazhinji, mumwe bundu nezvechii, asi hwakura kuti hukuru makuru chaizvo. Secondary rwekenza yelymphoma yaiva pamwe zvokuti hapana metastasis, kuti chinoratidza asingadi kupfuudza 7%.

Rwekenza yelymphoma (kushurudzira anofuridzira hondo pamwe chirwere) achabatsirwa anotevera zviratidzo:

• anotemwa nemusoro;
• svoto uye kurutsa;
• epistaxis.

In mushonga, paiva zviitiko apo varwere pfungwa rwekenza yelymphoma akaonekwa netsviyo.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yechipiri chimiro anogona Zvisinei kuitika zvachose asymptomatically, pamwe 100% mukana kuziva chirwere dzimwe nguva zvakaoma.

Rwekenza yelymphoma uropi yabviswa surgically, asi kuti nechokwadi zvinobudirira kuguma mugumisiro asingagoni hapana chiremba. nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti chete hafu varwere chirwere ichi ane mukana refu kanganwiro.

guru-sero rwekenza yelymphoma

Large Sero rwekenza yelymphoma mhando dzakawanda:

• diffuse;
• mediastinal;
• mu-large-;
• anaplastic.

The ngozi chimiro ichi ndechokuti vose inowanzotorwa mwongo masero kuitwa ne mwero, vakafirwa kukwanisa panoda uye kufa. Somugumisiro, indices ose erythrocytes uye maplatelet nokukurumidza kuderedzwa, uye izvi zvinotungamirira hypoxia uye simba zvemukati kubuda ropa. Large-sero rwekenza yelymphoma anokwanisa nokukurumidza rakapararira muviri. Okutanga kushandiswa node nodes, thyroid uye mate omumuviri, uropi uye mapfupa. Zvadaro, kwacho rinopararira kuti chiropa, neitsvo nemapapu, izvo zvinotisvitsa nokukurumidza kudzikira mune murwere mamiriro utano. The nokukurumidza kunoita kunotangira Danho rechitatu. The chete nzira kunokwanisa chete kuva mishonga.

Diffuse guru muchitokisi rwekenza yelymphoma

Diffuse rwekenza yelymphoma iri chisimba mupfungwa. Its chinhu ndiyo nokuvhiringidzirwa kunowanzoitika kushanda masero, izvo basa kuwana utachiona kana dzimwe miviri. Nokuti uyu rudzi rwekenza yelymphoma anokwanisa localize chero zvinyama, nokungwarira wazvivanza, lymphocytes uye B-masero havakwanisi vakazvimiririra kuona utachiona nekufambisa mureza dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri.

Wanikidza diffuse rwekenza yelymphoma nyore. Chokutanga, nzvimbo yakawedzerwa node nodes zviri nyore vainzwa pasi nomunwe wako. Uyewo munguva X-ray uye Ultrasound zvinogona kuonekwa isina bundu maronda.

Symptomatology of rwekenza yelymphoma hakuiti wakasiyana nevamwe mhuka. Izvi zvishomanana kuwedzera tembiricha, uye kunoshamisa uremu pakurara vangadikitira.

Diffuse guru Sero rwekenza yelymphoma anogona kuitika sezvo yakazvimirira chirwere, kana sezvo yechipiri (mugumisiro migumisiro dzimwe mhando kenza). Zvave zvichinzi kuti pamwe kuchiita riri kukura nokukurumidza, asi anopindura zvakanaka kurapwa.

Features chirwere

Rwekenza yelymphoma ropa Pari kuongororwa zvakasimba. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa yakasimbiswa kuti chikonzero parinowanika ndiko kugara nemwaranzi nomuchetura uye carcinogenic. Regai kutonga kubva mukana varwere enhaka kubatwa. Uyewo vari pangozi ndivo vanhu vanoshungurudza doro, vanosvuta vane ruzivo, uye vaya vane chirwere muchimiro hematological zvirwere.

Recently nechirwere rwekenza yelymphoma ropa kakawanda, pamwe vakuru nevana. Kana ukatanga mangwanani kurapwa, mukana nokupora 70%. Pazuva rechitatu uye chechina zvokukura rekukangamwirwa anoonekwa Izvi zvakanaka, izvo nguva makore 5-7. Zvisinei, kuitazve haagoni kunze zvachose, uye nhamba yavo ine yakananga kukanganisa upenyu hupfupi.

Chii chinonzi Hodgkin rwekenza yelymphoma?

chirwere Hodgkin ava kutanga kurondedzerwa muna 1832 ne musayendisiti T. Hodgkin. The chirwere kusingasaruri, pa-njodzi vanhu vemazera ose zvakaitwa Zvisinei, akaona mumwe kuitika: Varume vanokanganiswa kaviri sezvo kakawanda kupfuura zvakanaka pabonde. Kusvikira Mumakumi emakore apfuura, Hodgkin kwakaita rwekenza yelymphoma iri hachirapiki chirwere. Pari, nemhaka kutsvakurudza masayendisiti munyika yose, varwere vane mukana yokupona. Zvisinei, kukosha basa reDare ruzivo uye unyanzvi ari kupinda chiremba. Chinhu chikuru - rokuongorora bundu nemazvo uye nenguva, uyewo nzira kushandisa migumisiro iri hosha munzvimbo. Step ina ndiko kupa rwekenza yelymphoma Hodgkin vake, kutsunga iyo inoita basa rinokosha panguva kusarudzwa kurapwa nzira.

Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo chirwere akafanana nemamwe marudzi. It kunowanzoguma kupererwa, kuunganidza Urume mumapapu, kubuda ropa. About 30% wevarwere vanotsutsumwa tinyanye kuvaviwa uye akatsvuka ganda noruzhinji.

Mabatirwo Hodgkin kuti rwekenza yelymphoma

Fungira maronda inogona panguva imwe purogiramu kunoongororwa. Kana bvunzo ropa rinoratidza refu nhamba ropa masero machena, zvakakodzera kuti murambe ongororo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti sezvo Danho rechitatu, padanho wevasungwa zvishoma nezvishoma shoma. Kusimbisa nechirwere unosanganisira misoro kudzidza, ndiko kuti, kuri, biopsy, ponji, radiography.

Inokosha: kunonyanyisa kubudirira kunogona chete kuitwa pamwe nenguva chirwere zvirwere zvakadai Hodgkin kuti rwekenza yelymphoma.

How Varwere vazhinji vanorarama chirwere chakadai? Izvi nhamba dziri zvikuru nemamwe. Kana kurapwa iri rakatanga muna tanga, pane mukuru mukana yekuwana nemigumisiro yakanaka. Kurwisana Danho rechitatu zvishoma kwakatooma uye mikana vari 50-50. Nyaya huru iri vaiona kuva muchimiro kumhanya, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva metastases, uye vakawanda bundu foci.

Chinhu chikuru - panguva kurapwa kuti vabudirire-refu kuregererwa uye edza kubvisa zvachose zvichiita zvazvo matsva. Uyu ndiwo mumwe nzira inokosha mukurapa zvirwere zvakadai Hodgkin kuti rwekenza yelymphoma. How Varwere vakawanda vanorarama kuongorora chirwere ichi? Izvi zvichaita zvikurukuru pakuti nzira yavo youpenyu, saka inokurudzirwa kuomerera zvakakodzera zuva nezuva uye zvokudya, zvinokurudzirwa kuti chose kusiya zvakare kushingaira nyasha chakayerwa mutinhimira.