"Chii ichi" chakauya padanda, "chii chakadzoka" chikonzero chechikonzero chechokwadi

Zvichida mune rimwe remangwana bhizinesi rekombiyuta richakanganwa nezvezero uye izvo, uye vashanduri havazoshandisi mabhuku nemazwi, asi kusvikira zvino zvose zvinomiririrwa nebhenary world uye zvinorarama nemitemo yayo. Chii icho chiripo uye iyo inoshandiswa - zvichida, ichave isina kunyatsojeka. Kunyangwe pakatanga kuonekwa kwayo, purogiramu yekutanga yakanyorwa, uye pfungwa yebasa rayo inoda kuyeuka. Somugumisiro wekushandisa mazano akajeka, kuvhara "izvo zvave" zvakava zvekuti "zvakakosha".

Basa, processor, binary logic

Purogiramu inogadzirisa chiyeuchidzo uye inoshandisa pfungwa ye cyclic code execution. Purogiramu imwechete kana seti yemabasa inomiririra mararamiro emabasa: sarudza chimwe chinhu, ita saizvozvo, isa chimwe chinhu ipapo. Izvo zvinoshandiswa purogiramu inoshandiswa zvakare ndiyo inowanikwa pane imwe nheyo: inorayirwa kuti iite uye iongorore mamwe mapurogiramu.

Chaizvoizvo, basa racho (chinhu chakazvimiririra chechigadzirisiti) chinongorongedza bhinary operation. Purogiramu yacho yakasiyana nebasa iri pakuti inoshandisa pachayo uye inogadzirisa zvimwe zvikamu zve code.

Iyo shanduro yakagadzirirwa kukura sekuenzanisa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana zvakazvimirira. Mumwe nomumwe anoita zvayo (kazhinji chete chete) basa - zviri nyore kukanganisa, kuenzanisira, zvichiita. Purogiramu yakadaro inoita kuti zvikwanise kuita nyore hurongwa hwekuvandudza, kugadzira zvinyorwa zvekushandura mabhuku uye kuvashandisa mune mamwe mishonga.

Kudhinda uye Kudzokera Kutungamira

Purogiramu inoshevedza basa uye, ichiipfuura iyo data, inotarisira kuwana mugumisiro. Saka kuiswa kwechimwe chikamu chekodhi kunotanga kubva kunze, naizvozvo kutora kudzoka kunofanira kuitwa pane imwe sangano pashure pekudanwa. Izvi zvinogadzirisa kurongeka kwekushandiswa kwekodhi uye kubudirira kwechikamu chepurogiramu yacho yose.

Iko code inotengeswa mu memori uye inourawa sequentially. Kuti utumidze basa (imwe chidimbu chekodhi), paki inoshandiswa. Chii ichi? Chiyeuchidzo (uye chirevo kune iyo), icho chinopesana kubva pane chinowanzo mukuti chimwe nechimwe chinotevera chinoiswa pamusoro pepfuura. Saka, kuti uwane munhu wese pasi payo, unoda kutora nekuita zvose zviri pamusoro apa. Iyo pointer inogara ichitaura kune chinzvimbo chiripo pane iyo stack.

Pakutanga, kero yekudzoka iri pamutsetse - kero yekuvhima inotevera mushure mekudana. Zvadaro yese data yakakosha kune iyo yakadanwa basa inoiswa ipapo. Iyo yakadanwa basa inosarudza iyo data, inoitora iyo, inogadzira chigumisiro, uye inodzorera kudzora pamusoro pekupedzisira chemukati. Murairo: "tora kuti iyo" inotungamira pointer kune yakapiwa kupa, uye yakasarudzwa "iyo" inoenda pakugadziriswa.

Registers AX, BX, CX, DX, EX vakave rudzi rwechiratidzo chenguva yekutanga kwezvenhau, asi SP neSS ndiyo nyanzvi yayo. Izvo zvakadini zvinoshandiswa muzvirongwa? Mienzaniso yezvakaitika hazvizove zviyeuchidzo zvekuvakwa kwekutanga kwemazuva. Ikoko yakauya munyika yebhanari pamwe chete nemashoko okuti "basa" uye "kureva" uye yakanyangarika mukati memoyo ye programming practice development.

Kushumira deta kusarudza zvokuita

Iko kushandiswa kwemagetsi kunobvumira foni dzakawanda kune zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekodhi, kusanganisira kudzoka: basa rinoshevedza. Iko kune zvisikwa zvepanyama: ukuru hwekuyeuka kwekavha uye kodeti inofanira kunge yakakwana. Kana purogiramu yacho yakarurama, ipapo kuurayiwa kwayo kuchave kwakasimba, kutumira / kutora kudzoka - yakarurama.

Iko tsvina yakazara, sezvo mahwendefa anowira mumurwi, iyo inotumirwa kuzoshanda tafura. Chiitiko cheplateti, kureva, kuzadza, chinosarudzwa munzvimbo iyo inoshandiswa. Maererano nemanzwiro ekubatana, boka rinotora "izvo zvinorehwa" rinopa chibvumirano chakabvumirana chakapiwa pakati peiye akadana uye uyo waakadana. Mushure mokunge chirongwa chacho chapera, zvinokosha kudzorera kutungamira kune imwe kero iri pedyo kutumira chikwata kune tafura.

Nyore nyore uye inoshanda. Izvo zvinoitwa patafura, kuti sarudzo inogadzirwa sei - basa rebasa racho, kuti richabata sei nedhesi rakagamuchirwa - kushushikana kwaro, pane tafura iyo inotumira huwandu hwe data - kukanganisa kwayo, chinhu chikuru ndechokuti kutungamira kunodzokera kune imwe inotevera mushure mekudanwa. Basa rinogona kuzvidana chete kana richibvumira kudzoka, uye kudzoka kunogona chete kana data iri kuiswa pamutambo.

Zvinyorwa zvitsva

Apo zuva rega roga uye rinobatsira rinova hwaro hwehutano chaihwo, munhu anogona nenzira yakajeka kuvimba nechinangwa uye upenyu hwakareba hwekupedzisira. Chikwata chemakwakwakwa esimba chakapa hupenyu kudivha, uye chikwata chakapa basa rekugadzirisa, maitiro ekushandura, mapurogiramu, mabasa uye huwandu hwenyanzvi dzepamusoro huzhinji.

Imwe nyaya yekare iyo iyo nyore yakava nheyo, asi iyo inowanzosangana iyo iyo inogona kufungidzirwa pasina nharo dzisina zvazvinobatsira pamusoro pema syntax, semantics, zvirongwa zvekugadzirisa zvirongwa uye zvakakosha mukurwisana kwemitauro kuitira kuti vararame.

Izvo zvinoshandiswa, sezvakanga zvakaita sechipinda chekuyeuka, zvakasara zvakadaro kusvikira nhasi, asi ikozvino maonero pamusoro padzo akachinja. Sezvo vakapfuurira nechivimbo kuburikidza nekupisa kwekunyatsoratidza, ivo zvino vanoti: chimwe chinhu chinogona kuva chero chinhu uye kutora chero chinhu chaicho chaicho, nokuti izvo hazvina kukosha zvachose.

Basa, chimiro, chivharo, chivharo ... vashandi havakwanisi kuchinjwa muchirongwa chemashoko, asi chirevo chakange chisingabatsiri. Kurwisana kwemapurogiramu emitauro yezvikonzero hazvina kupa mukana wokukunda mumwe wavo. Icho chishandiso (muunganidzi / muturikiri / shell) inofanira kungoshanda chete, igare yakasimba uye ichishanda zvakazara, uye sei uye chii chokunyora / kushandiswa ndiko kunetseka kwemugadziri, kwete mutauro wemunyori.

Simba rakawana chinangwa chitsva mumamiriro ezvinhu epasi rose ekuvandudza mumiririri uye teknolojia. Zvimwe zvinowanikwa muhuwandu hwavanoita zviri nyore, zvakasvibiswa kune mumwe nemumwe, uye zvigadziridzo uye vashandi vanobatanidzwa mune mumwe nomumwe. Kakawanda unogona kunzwa pamusoro pehuwandu hweprotocol, apo mumwe anopa basa romumwe.

Simba, kushanda uye kudzoka hazvifananisi zvachose, asi zvinowirirana zvakakwana, zvichikubvumira kuti uite zvisarudzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekupa nekugadzirisa mashoko.